ICMP Internet Control Message Protocolis generally considered an integral part of the IP layer and is generally used by the IP layer or higher (TCP, UDP).The ICMP message is transmitted inside the IP datagram.The format of the ICMP message is as follows:The first 4 bytes of the message are the same: 8bit type, 8bit code, 16bit test and.The ICMP packets have different message types, and the different types are determined by the 8bit type and the 8bit code together. There may be more than one code
(unencrypted) as strings in base64 format.Network eavesdroppers can easily read data.
Use Basic verification only for security purposes. For example, if you do not need to protect your creden, or bind an HTTP network encryption protocol (such as SSL ),.
3.2 digest Verification
You also need to provide account information in the Login Dialog Box displayed in the browser. But the difference is that,Hash string used to verify the password passed b
@protocol MyProtocol @required//Declares what must be done, by default@required-(void) walk;-(void) speak;-(void) think; Think is not implemented in the class implementation warns!!!@optional-(void) sing;-(void) laugh;@endA protocol can declare a large stack of methods, but cannot declare member variables;Two agreements can not inherit, but the agreement may abide by another agreement;Subclasses can abide
This is an http-based resumable data transfer protocol, mainly using different httpmethods and related custom headers to implement the resumable data transfer function.Specific methods and headers:1. HEADThe head request is used to obtain the status of the uploaded file. The server returns the range of the files that have been written and those that have not been written.(PS, I just found that the Protocol
protocol [' pr?ut?k?l] (example:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6aafe9c90100yozz.html )I. Descriptiontwo classes for communication, with the protocol is more convenient. 1. The protocol declares a method that can be implemented by any class2. The protocol is not a class, it defines an interface that other objects can
HTTP is a stateless protocol, with two consecutive requests for the same session that are not known to each other, and they are parsed by the newly instantiated environment, which does not save any information about the session, except that the application itself may already be stored in the global object. own understanding, in the ASP: every time the page submission server does not have any relationship, each time the information recorded on the pag
We have analyzed some protocols and the content of the protocol stack. I believe everyone understands the content of the H.323 protocol. Here we will explain the development of this protocol stack. Developing an H.323 protocol stack is an extremely arduous task in the communication design process. The difficulty lies i
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Can be used to declare a whole bunch of methods (cannot declare member variables)
As long as a class adheres to this protocol, it is equivalent to having all the method declarations in this agreement
As long as the parent class adheres to a protocol, the subclass also adheres
Many of us know the IP protocol, that is, the Internet Protocol address. But it is also a datagram protocol. These basic structures are not clear to many friends. Next we will introduce the basic structure of this datagram.
Internet Protocol IP)
Internet protocol is a datagr
Gateway-Gateway Protocol (GGP)
To Route packets correctly and efficiently, the core gateway needs to know the situation of other parts of the Internet, including routing information and subnet characteristics. This type of information is usually used when a gateway processes heavy loads and is the only way to access the subnet, other gateways in the network can cut traffic to reduce the load on the gateway.
GGP is mainly used to exchange routing infor
Transferred from: Http://bbs.ednchina.com/BLOG_ARTICLE_172024.HTM2.4-Block Transport protocol T=1In the T=1 protocol, commands, R-APDU, and Transmission control information (such as acknowledgment information) transmitted between the TAL and IC cards are made up of blocks.The following defines the block frame structure of the data link layer, special options for the Pro
are consistent.
In order to solve this distributed consistency problem, predecessors summed up many typical protocols and algorithms during the repeated trade-offs between performance and data consistency. Among the more notable are the second-order commit protocol (two Phase commitment Protocol), the Sankai commit protocol (three Phase commitment
Tags: col transmission broadcast tip Local computer network Tran technology familySingle shared broadcast channel, if two or more than two nodes simultaneously transmit, will interfere with each other (interference) conflict (collision): Nodes receive two or more signals at the same time → Receive failed! The MAC protocol uses a distributed algorithm to determine how nodes share channels, that is, when decision nodes can transmit data. It must be base
The TCP/IP state machine, as shown in:In the TCP/IP protocol, the TCP protocol provides a reliable connection service with a three-time handshake to establish a connection, as shown in 1. (SYN packet indicates flag bit SYN=1,ACK packet indicates flag bit Ack=1,syn+ack package represents flag bit syn=1,ack=1)(1) First handshake: When a connection is established, client A sends a SYN packet (SEQ_NUMBER=J) to
Java-like generics and interfaces for the type of 1. Define the agreement@protocol Client void) Defaultmethod; Default must implement @required// must -(void) Required; @optional// optional -(void) optional; @end 2. Compliance (Implementation) agreement #import "Client.h" @interfaceJackclient:nsobject@end @implementationjackclient-(void) defaultmethod{NSLog (@"This is Defaultmethod"); } -(void) required{NSLog (@"This is require
Opening remarks:
I personally think that the entire SAS protocol family is large, and there are many concepts that are hard to understand. I can only study the actual code at work while reading the protocol in detail. In this way, we can better understand the SAS protocol.
It is the best way to understand the protocol
AJP13 is a directional packet protocol. For performance reasons, use binary format to transfer readability text. The Web server is connected through a TCP connection and a servlet container. To reduce the cost of the process to generate a socket, the Web server and the servlet container try to maintain a persistent TCP connection and reuse a connection for multiple request/reply loops. Once the connection is assigned to a specific request, it is not a
Brief introductionHypertext Transfer Protocol (hypertext Transfer Protocol, referred to as HTTP) is the application layer protocol. HTTP is a request/response protocol that sends a request to the server after a client has established a connection with the server, and responds to the request after the server has receive
1. Protocol Buffers Introduction Protocol Buffers (PROTOCOLBUFFER/PROTOBUF) is a data-description language developed by Google, similar to the ability of XML to serialize structured data that can be used to persist data or serialize data to be transmitted over a network. Mainly used in data storage, communication protocols and so on. This stage supports 6 programming languages such as C + +, JAVA, Python, O
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