GratuitousARP (free ARP)Detailed explanation of ARP Protocol Gratuitous ARP (free ARP) Gratuitous ARP is also known as free ARP, no reason ARP. Gratuitous
This article introduces the principle of ARP attack and the network security problem caused by it, in combination with the actual situation, this paper puts forward a multi-level prevention method in the campus network to solve the network security problem caused by ARP attack, and finally introduces some effective methods to detect and defend against attack with strong practicability and simple operation.
(Note: part of "Linux C programming One-stop learning")Ethernet (RFC 894) frame formatFigure One Ethernet packet typeThe source address and destination address refers to the network card's hardware address (also called MAC address), the length is 48 bits, is in the network card Factory curing. Take a look at the ifconfig command, the "HWaddr 00:15:f2:14:9e:3f" section is the hardware address. The Protocol field has three values, corresponding to IP, ARP
At present, most of the network is covered under the same LAN, it is easy to check each other, sometimes users will use Peer-to-peer software to other computers ARP attack, so that other people's speed slowed. In the WIN8 system, there is not a perfect ARP firewall to prevent ARP attacks, but you can bind the computer MAC address to avoid attacks.
Failure phenomenon: The machine can be normal before the Internet, suddenly appear can be authenticated, not the phenomenon of the Internet (can not ping the gateway), restart the machine or under the Msdos window to run the command arp-d, but also to restore the Internet for a period of time. Cause of the failure: This is caused by an APR virus spoofing attack.
The cause of the problem is generally caused by the legend of the
[Fault Cause]
Someone in the LAN uses ARP spoofing Trojans (for example, some legendary plug-ins are also maliciously loaded by the legendary software ).
[Fault principle]
To understand the fault principle, Let's first look at the ARP protocol.
In a LAN, ARP is used to convert an IP address to a layer 2 physical address (MAC address.
I. ARP and RARPNetwork transmission, according to the destination IP address through the route selection can be transmitted over the Internet, but if you do not know the destination interface, then you do not know the packet to a network or a subnet which host. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) can be based on the destination IP to obtain the interface so that the two host computer to communicate properl
I. Introduction to ARPWhen the host needs to send a data to a destination IP address, the device driver cannot understand this IP address.The system needs to convert the IP address to the network address, and then pass it to the device driver for sending.ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is a network protocol used to convert high-level protocol addresses (IP addresses) to physicalNetwork Address.The Linux kernel stores an ARP table, which stores the c
1. ARP Message formatThe ARP protocol works at the data link layer, and the ARP packets that are transmitted over the network are shown below (because of the number of fields, the continuation field is wrapped in a newline):
Frame Header
Data (ARP packet)
Fcs
What is the ARP protocol?The ARP protocol is an abbreviation for "Address Resolution Protocol" (Addresses Resolution Protocol). In the LAN, the actual transmission in the network is "frame", inside the frame is a target host MAC address. In Ethernet, a host communicates directly with another host, and the MAC address of the target host must be known. But how is this target MAC address obtained? It is obta
The mature telecom-level IP technology makes the integration of voice, data, video, mobile and other applications inevitable, and unified communication has become a development trend. Network transformation with IP technology as the core and carrying a variety of new businesses to enhance competitiveness is the development direction of fixed network operators. Due to the high degree of standardization, wide application, strong bandwidth provision ability, good scalability, mature technology, hig
1. ARP:
In terms of functions, ARP can be simply divided into two parts:
A. When I want to send a data packet to the destination IP address, I need to use ARP to map IP addresses to physical addresses (generally MAC addresses) ---------- ethernet_output Function
B. process the input package and update the ARP cache. If
the ARP command is primarily used to display and modify the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) used by the IP address to the Ethernet MAC (Ethernet Physical Address) conversion table.ARP syntax format: ARP [-EVN] [-H type] [-I if]-a [hostname]arp [-v] [-i if]-d [hostname] [pub]arp
At present, most of the network is covered under the same LAN, it is easy to check each other, sometimes users will use Peer-to-peer software to other computers ARP attack, so that other people's speed slowed. In the WIN8 system, there is no perfect ARP firewall to protect against ARP attacks, but users can avoid attacks by binding the computer's MAC address.
Br
Failure phenomenon
Many users reflect frequent drop lines, and the local area network and internet links are suddenly slow or even disconnected. The reboot works fine, but after a few hours of work, the failure recurs.
Initial thought may be a virus or trojan caused by network congestion.
Network environment
The network environment of the unit is to divide the VLAN according to each floor, the VLAN that fails is Vlan7. All other users within the VLAN are normal, that is, the problem may be u
Source: ISA Chinese site
ISA Server does not provide MAC address control function, why? This is because the MAC address can only be used in the local network. When a packet crosses the router, the source MAC address of the host in the packet will be replaced by the MAC address of the router's outbound interface, in this case, MAC address control is not applicable. Therefore, enterprise-level hardware or software firewalls do not provide MAC address control functions.
However, Microsoft has lon
0. PrefaceThis chapter mainly introduces the protocol format of ARP, how the host sends and processes ARP messages, and the free ARP.1. Principle of ARP protocolARP, full name address Resolution Protocol, addresses Resolution protocol, in the network, there is an IP address and MAC address, at the link layer to send me
Recently, I saw a lot of friends asking for help from the company's network suffering from ARP attacks. I will share with you how I prevent ARP attacks on the network.
FirstARP attack: The culprit of instant disconnection and large-area network disconnection. In a LAN, IP addresses (Layer 3) and Layer 2 Physical addresses (MAC addresses) are converted through arp
Recently my site suddenly appeared to be slow to visit, and after opening antivirus software immediately hint contains Trojan virus.
I am very puzzled, the website that has been running for 4 years has been good recently how to appear virus hint. Professional reasons to open the site's source code to view, originally in the source of the Web page of the head was added to the
According to the common sense of my heart a cold: estimated that the server was captured, all the file code was added th
I. ARP virus:ARP is not the name of a virus, but a general term for a type of virus that uses ARP vulnerabilities. ARP is a protocol for TCP/IP protocol groups. It is used to translate network addresses into physical addresses (also called MAC addresses ). Generally, there are two types of attacks: route spoofing and gateway spoofing. It is a trojan virus that in
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