试验环境介绍(Host for CA 192.168.23.10, httpd: 192.168.23.11)
1: Create a new Web server with a host name of www Yum Install- y httpd 2: Generate private keymkdir/etc/httpd/SSL CD/etc/httpd/SSL (Umask077;openssl genrsa-out/etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.key 2048) 3: Generate Certificate Signing requestOpenSSL req -new -key/etc/httpd/ssl/httpd. Key -out httpd. CSR -days 365 The certificate request content is as follows:Country Name (2 letter co
CA Common Services Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2015-3317)CA Common Services Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2015-3317)
Release date:Updated on:Affected Systems:
CA Common Services
Description:
CVE (CAN) ID: CVE-2015-3317CA Common Services is a Common service bound to multiple CA products on Un
encryption features:
Fixed-length output: No matter how big the raw data is, the results are of the same size.
Avalanche effect: small changes in input will cause huge changes in results
One-way encryption algorithms: MD5 (128 bits), sha1, sha256, sha384, and sha512
Iii. encryption process and principles
Iv. self-built private CA process
A
① Generate a key
[[Email protected] ~] # (Umask 077; OpenSSL genrsa-out/etc/pki/
Encryption, decryption, and OpenSSL private CA
I. Common Algorithms
Common encryption algorithms and protocols include symmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption, and one-way encryption.
1. symmetric encryption: one key is used for encryption and decryption. algorithms can be made public and keys cannot be public, because encryption relies on keys. Security depends on keys rather than algorithms;
Common algorithms:
DES (Data Encryption Standard, 56 b
Configure HTTPS encrypted reverse proxy access in NGINX-Self-Signed CA
For internal access considerations of the company, the CA used is generated by self-Signed Openssl on the local machine. Therefore, it cannot be verified by the Internet industry Root CA. Therefore, the website is not trusted or the security certificate is invalid, skip this step and access it
NGINX configuration HTTPS encryption reverse proxy access-Self-Signed CA, nginxhttpsFor internal access considerations of the company, the CA used is generated by self-Signed Openssl on the local machine. Therefore, it cannot be verified by the Internet industry Root CA. Therefore, the website is not trusted or the security certificate is invalid, skip this step
Reprint Please specify source: http://blog.csdn.net/l1028386804/article/details/46695495For corporate access considerations, the use of a CA is a native OpenSSL self-signed generated, and therefore cannot be verified through the Internet work letter root CA, so the site is not trusted or the security certificate is not valid prompt. Skip directly, direct access to ask!The principle of HTTPS and the intervie
One: Configure private CA commands1. Edit the configuration file/etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnfChange dir to ".. /.. /ca "changed to"/etc/pki/ca "You can change the default country, province, citymkdir certs Newcerts CRLTouch Index.txtTouch serialEcho >serial2. Create a private key (the public key is generated from this)Under the/etc/pki/
Installing OpenSSLGenerate a private keyCd/etc/pki/tlsVI OPENSSL.COFChange two keys and suffix named certificate = $dir/cacert.crt Private_key = $dir/private/ca.keyCD CA
Index.txtSerialEcho >serial(Umask 077;openssl genrsa-out private/ca.key 2048 (this file song permission is o77, the private key of the creation CA is 2048)OpenSSL req-new-x509-key private/ca.key-out cacert.crt-days 3,650 days (3,65
1, download the CA certificate from Curl official website (of course, you can also choose to create an SSL CA certificate, refer to 54898870 for details, or Baidu for yourself)CA Certificate: https://curl.haxx.se/docs/caextract.html page to select downloadOr: Https://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem2. Create a new folder in
With the increasing popularity of e-commerce and e-government, problems such as theft and tampering of important data and files during transmission, network fraud, and network attacks also emerge, only by establishing a network security assurance system can online activities be improved. The CA technology is the core technology to ensure network security.(1) What is ca?
period of time randomly. The time value is obtained through the exponential backoff algorithm. If the attempt fails several times, stop sending and send the notification to the upper layer.
The following describes the basic process of the Binary Index Backoff Algorithm:
1. determine the basic backoff time unit (2 TB). For Ethernet, It is 51.2us
2. Define a parameter K. The relationship between it and the number of retransmissions is k = min [N, 10].
3. From the K defined above, construct a
If the CA authentication center is the key to PKI, the CA private key is the key. Because the CA authentication center is a trusted third party, it uses the CA private key to sign the request certificate, which indicates that the information in the certificate is trusted. If the CA
consists of four parts: Certificates in the form of X-V3 and certificate revocation List CRL (V2), CA operation Protocol, CA Management Protocol, CA policy development. A typical, complete, and effective PKI application system should have at least the following five parts:(1) Certification Center CACA is the core of PKI, CA
Overview of CSMA/CA protocol analysis the MAC protocol 802.11 of the wireless LAN standard is very similar to the MAC protocol 802.3 standard. In the 802.3 protocol, the MAC protocol uses a mechanism called CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect), that is, the Carrier listens to Multiple Access/conflict detection mechanisms. This Protocol resolves how to detect and avoid network conflicts when two or more network devices need to trans
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