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This article is about troubleshooting MPLS ldp. Two devices establish direct-attached LDP neighbors: R2 and R3.r2 's interface Giga 2/0 and R3 interface to establish the LDP's direct-link neighbors. First, review the LDP's neighbor establishment process: LDP utility is the UDP/TCP Port 646来 discovers the neighbor's. So in the future troubleshooting, if the two sides can ping, but can not build a neighbor to check whether the port has been sealed

configuration:1867 bytes!Version 12.4Service Timestamps Debug DateTime msecService Timestamps log datetime msecNo service password-encryption!Hostname R1!Boot-start-markerBoot-end-marker!No AAA New-modelMemory-size Iomem 5!!IP CEFNo IP domain Lookup!IP VRF R1Rd 1:100Route-target Export 1:100Route-target Import 4:100!MPLS Label Range 100 199MPLS Label Protocol LDP!Interface Loopback0IP Address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255!Interface Tunnel1IP address 10.0.0

above code, if the upload is a Chinese named picture, it will not display properly, so we need to rename, implement the Filerenamepolicy interface1 classMyrenameImplementsFilerenamepolicy2 {3 Publicfile Rename (file file) {4String filename=file.getname ();5String extname=filename.substring (Filename.lastindexof (".")));6String Uuid=uuid.randomuuid (). toString (). Replace ("-", "" ");7String newname=uuid+Extname;8file=NewFile (File.getparent (), newName);9 returnfile;Ten } One

When I introduced "Custom WordPress database errors" a few days ago, a reader left a message asking WordPress plug-ins that are completely static. I recommend a plug-in today to implement some static WordPress, including the main homepage and ArticlePage. The directory page is not static yet. The name of this plug-in is cos-HTML-Cache. to install this plug-in, the virtual host must support the mod_rewrite function (Linux + Apache architecture ), fir

High school time to do, the first two days to see, quite fun./***0-360 cosine function Image ***/#includeAfter running650) this.width=650; "src=" http://s3.51cto.com/wyfs02/M00/6C/21/wKiom1VAeUHCdbJpAAECbUHgYSo335.jpg "title=" 1.jpg " alt= "Wkiom1vaeuhcdbjpaaecbuhgyso335.jpg"/>This article is from the "hacker" blog, make sure to keep this source http://anglecode.blog.51cto.com/5628271/1640305The chord function cos of interesting graphs

High school time to do, the first two days to see, quite fun.Just want to say, the original code style,,, cough, not the coquettish!#include After running650) this.width=650; "src=" http://s3.51cto.com/wyfs02/M02/6C/1D/wKioL1VAfdHCUBV_AAEMJfxncX8650.jpg "title=" 1.jpg " alt= "Wkiol1vafdhcubv_aaemjfxncx8650.jpg"/>Another way--compare the numbers in the code (mainly for deeper understanding)#include After running650) this.width=650; "src=" http://s3.51cto.com/wyfs02/M02/6C/1D/wKioL1VAfo-zlATOAAETi

High school time to do, the first two days to see, quite fun.Just want to say, the original code style,,, cough, not the coquettish!#include After running650) this.width=650; "src=" http://s3.51cto.com/wyfs02/M02/6C/1E/wKioL1VAg0mhimJlAAENlA-voDs108.jpg "title=" 1.jpg " alt= "Wkiol1vag0mhimjlaaenla-vods108.jpg"/>Chord function cos and straight line intersect (another intersection) in interesting graphics

The operating system is the interface between the user and the computer, but also the computer hardware and other software. The functions of the operating system include the management of computer system hardware, software and data resources, control program operation, improve human-machine interface, to support other application software, so that all the resources of the computer system to maximize the role, to provide a variety of forms of user interface, so that users have a good working envi

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MPLS label distribution protocols include:1. LDP (Label Distribution Protocol)2. TDP (CISCO private)3. RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol4. CE-LDP5. MP-BGP (Multi-Protocol extensions for BGP-4)6. Labeled BGP (BGPV4 with label distribution capability)LDP (Label Distribution Protocol) Label Distribution ProtocolLDP operations mainly include the following four stages:(1) discovery stage(2) session establishment and maintenance(3) LSP establishment and ma

VPN instance changes, the changed PE device should take the initiative to send the BGP refresh packet to refresh the VPN route, and use the new RT attribute to filter the route. Different from RD, We can configure multiple RT attributes for a VPN instance, and the RT attributes are released in the extended group attributes of the bgp update message. The format is similar to that of common group attributes. When a route carries multiple extended group attributes and RT attributes at the same tim

1 Introduction The structure of MPLSMultiprotocol Label Switching protocol is described in [1. A label exchange router can be used for Frame Relay switching. Frame relay switches the routing algorithms at the network layer, such as OSPF, IS-IS, and forward data based on these routing algorithms. You do not need to select a specific frame relay path.Frame Relay switching applies to the top-level current tags in the first DLCIData Link Connection Identifier Field of the frame relay data Link layer

R0 creates a tunnel to R1 to enable multicast. It's very simple to scale up and you can see the configuration at first glance. Wvrp has passed. R0 #Sysname quidway#Multicast Routing-enable#Mpls lsr-ID 1.1.1.1MPLSMPLS teMpls rsvp-teMPLS te CSPF#Interface ethernet0/0/0IP address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0PIM SMMPLSMPLS teMPLS te max-link-bandwidth 10000MPLS te max-reservable-bandwidth 5000Mpls rsvp-te#Interface null0#Interface loopback0IP address 1.1.1.1

?? In the network environment, in order to isolate and divide the network, avoid inter-network interference and broadcast storms, define a variety of forms of isolation. There are hardware-based isolation and network protocol isolation, as well as the isolation of subnet segments (subnet masks).?? MPLS and VLAN isolation, based on the software protocol, there is a certain hardware technical support, with these two tags of the packet, before or after t

When there is no peer VRF route, VRF uses MPLS *** to transmit routes to each other ,. After the PE routers at both ends use IGP (PIPE) to build a neighbor, a small pipe (*** V4 cluster) is built in the pipe for ** communication MPLS ** key points: IGP physical links and lo interfaces must be built through BGP large and small water pipes, and reflection must be configured under small water pipes.

255.255.255.0 area 0Log-adj-changes!Router ospf 300Network 192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0 area 0Log-adj-changesRedistribute ospf 200 subnets --------------------------------------------- Split line ------------------------------------- R6: R6 # SHOW RUNBuilding configuration... Current configuration: 2320 bytes!Version 12.4:Service timestamps debug datetime msecService timestamps log datetime msecNo service password-encryption!Hostname R6!Boot-start-markerBoot-end-marker!!No aaa new-modelMemory-

MPLS default MTU is 1500, do not make any changes, I ping full package does not fragment, why can pass! It adds MPLS information altogether is 1504 bytes, how can transmit? Here is my reply: It has been verified, what you need to do is to study your network topology again, if you have a ready-made environment, put your detailed topology map, as well as the configuration of each device sent to me, I can he

Release date:Updated on: Affected Systems:Cisco ios xe 3.9.xDescription:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bugtraq id: 63979CVE (CAN) ID: CVE-2013-6706 Cisco IOS is an interconnected network operating system used on most Cisco system routers and network switches. When Cisco ios xe processes an IP packet header in an MPLS packet, the CEF module may encounter an error. Attackers can exploit this vulnerabil

In the MPLS/vpn experiment, the configuration of OSPF/r12002 was developed from the basis of the first experiment, so some basic configurations are not mentioned here. The network topology is as follows: first complete the RIP configuration on CE1: Before you configure this, you must delete the previous configuration. If you do not delete the configuration, the problem may occur. CE1: router rip version 2 network 1.0.0.0 network 192.168.1.0 no auto-su

Recently, I have been reading mpls vpn, but I have never understood the differences between the two RD and RT parameters in VRF. By searching materials on the Internet for repeated reading and thinking, I finally understood it. The following uses a more understandable metaphor for sharing. For example, if you receive an invitation letter, you need to go to a high-end office building to attend the meeting. Because of the strict security requirements,