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As a new network architecture, SDN has become a hot topic in the industry. The open network it advocates represents a change in the concept of network construction from adapting network capabilities to actively adapting network capabilities to the needs of network applications. Separation of forwarding and control, centralized control, and open network programming interfaces are the main features of SDN network architecture. As the main SDN protocol, openflow hopes to use a new forwarding protoc
The current network construction has been developed from the original regional network to cross-regional, trans-city wide area Connection, and the security requirements of the network and the increasing carrying business, with the original means of networking many problems difficult to solve. Because of the inherent advantages of MPLS VPN technology, the special network has solved the problems that bother users and integrators. The following is the us
model, the optical layer and the business level of the equipment used is also equivalent, such as optical crossover devices (OXC) and routers are also considered equivalent, is currently very popular, and the development of GMPLS on the use of this model. GMPLS has been successfully applied to IP communication network based on the MPLS, GMPLS make the network more flexible, all kinds of net resources can be effectively used (including control plane r
GGSN. In. You can use IPv4 or IPv6. As we have mentioned earlier, the transport plane IP here is the guid IP layer.) The version is completely independent of the Data bearer plane. From MS to PDSN/GGSN through the uplink, or from GGSN to MS through the downlink. When an IP packet is shipped from MS to PDSN/GGSN, its IP routing and forwarding will actually begin. 3G-oriented IPV6 core network solution IPv6 is a basic requirement for the future development of 3G system networks. It has a large ad
integrates MPLS, VPN, QoS, traffic engineering, multicast, and other technologies. As a high-performance aggregation device, NE20E/NE20 enterprise-level routers provide comprehensive service processing capabilities and comprehensive and flexible network solutions, this effectively increases Network Value and saves network construction costs. Fifth-generation Router NE20E/NE20 adopts the industry's high-performance network processor technology to achi
servers (such as V2X servers) in the edge cloud to minimize transmission latencySo far, we need to create dedicated slices for services with different requirements. The virtual network functions are placed in different locations in each tile (that is, the edge cloud or the core cloud) based on different service characteristics. In addition, some network features such as billing, policy control, and so on, may be necessary in some slices, but are not required in other network slices. Operators c
For example, I need to apply this patch for my Linux source code:http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/davem/net.gi t/diff/?id=fe82b3300ec9c0dc4ba871f9a58b265aadf4e186First, I copy this paragraph to a file in local directory:/usr/src/linux-4.3/patch.file."Diff--git A/net/mpls/mpls_iptunnel.c B/net/mpls/mpls_iptunnel.cIndex 67591AE.. 64afd3d 100644---a/net/mpls
the movie. In general, the biggest file is the film.VideoMaster Files, of course, are also divided into several main files on the CD, that we will not discuss. After sorting by size, it is obvious to find the 00000g master file "22.7. m2ts. Figure 7 Then, the "bdedit" software is used to further analyze the "playlist" and "clipinf" of the main file ". Open "bdedit" and click "folder" on the left of the "read" button to specify The file information of "index. bdmv" and "movieobject. bdmv
information, the header stack is also supported to improve scalability. Similar to ATM and MPLS networks, tokens sent by users are tagged. Once a tag is inserted, network devices can process data tokens according to the tag information, such as reuse, oversubscribe of the business) and separate management and control of each data stream. A gsmp connection can carry a large amount of Ethernet user data, and store network data and data of Packet Ring s
eight levels of discard priority. It precisely guarantees the bandwidth, latency, and jitter indicators of different services, and meets the "differentiated service" requirements of users for multiple service levels. High reliability:It adopts a highly reliable modular design method. All boards, fans, and power supply modules support hot swapping. It provides dual-power 1 + 1 backup modules with redundant backups and passive backboards; provides software hot Patching Technology to completely sm
It is very useful to learn about the cell packaging technology. So I studied the cell Packaging Technology in Cisco routers. I will share it with you here, hoping it will be useful to you. Cell packaging, also known as cell concatenation) is a mechanism that encapsulates multiple cell relay asynchronous transmission modes (ATM) cells into the same IP/MPLS group. It enables telecom operators to overcome the low bandwidth efficiency inherent in cell rel
How DCN and SDN meet new requirements New Technology of ip ran Network The traditional 3G/B3G network needs the basic bearer network to provide the Layer 2 capability to meet the needs of the Upper-layer network mobile service return. However, due to the introduction of S1-Flex and X2 interface, the basic bearer network must have three-layer switching capabilities. Based on the dynamic IP/MPLS protocol and key technologies, the ip ran is a solution t
1 Introduction Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) is a new type of network that can automatically connect to the network. It consists of three planes: control plane, transfer plane, and management plane. The control plane technology is its core. It can implement dynamic exchange using the control plane. GMPLS generic Multi-Protocol Label Exchange (MSTP) is a common Multi-Protocol Label Exchange Technology proposed by IETF, which is extended by MPL
called the regional border router. The vro in the region is called an internal vro. The router connected only to the trunk region is called the trunk router, and the router connected to the outside is the AS border router. In other words, it means that the internal router only understands the link status information within the region and calculates the outbound route control table based on the information. This mechanism not only effectively reduces route control information, but also reduces
favorable position in the competition among operators, and further establish and consolidate the brand image of enterprises. The reliability of metropolitan area Network router is embodied in the following two aspects, one is the reliability of the equipment layer, the other is the reliability of the network layer. The network reliability is an important content of the reliability guarantee of metropolitan area Network router, because the traditional router protocol converges slowly (IGP in t
Group forwarding function is separated from the routing computing function. The routing computing function is completed by the Routing Server. This separation improves forwarding efficiency and throughput compared with traditional routers. The group uses the LANE or LLC/SNAP Encapsulation Format, and AAL5 is used to directly adapt to ATM cells, and SVC is used for connection.4.4 protocol stackCIPOA, LANE, and MPOA are executed as the common protocol layer PLOA on the ATM, including the Logical
. In PIM intensive mode, the packet group forwards packets to all ports by default until the packets are cut and removed. In dense mode, if the devices on all ports are multicast members, multicast packets may be used. The loose mode is opposite to the dense mode. Only multicast data is sent to the requested port. VPN support The VPN on the IP address is described in the router technology above. Possible protocols include L2TP, GRE, IP Over IP, and IPSec. The VPN support capability should also b
described in the router technology above. Possible protocols include L2TP, GRE, IP Over IP, and IPSec. The VPN support capability should also be concerned. Router function indicator: encryption mode The router may use the encryptor mechanism in VPN implementation or other conditions to ensure security. A router uses a CPU to execute software algorithms, which usually affects forwarding efficiency. Some routers adopt hardware encryption to improve forwarding efficiency. Router function indicato
the present and future, and IP traffic will occupy most of the network traffic. However, a large number of legacy SONET/SDH devices need to be effectively interconnected between traditional, circuit-oriented networks and IP/MPLS networks. The most promising technology is the ability to meet the urgent needs of IETF-defined universal multi-protocol tag exchange GMPLS protocol groups. GMPLS extends Label Switching in
greatly reduced. VPN has good scalability. When the network is expanded to connect to remote offices, international regions, remote computers, roaming mobile users, and business partners due to business requirements, or the network structure is changed, enterprises can expand their VPN capacity and coverage at any time by relying on the ISP that provides the VPN service. VPN has an absolute price advantage over the leased line. Compared with ordinary PSTN dial-up connections, VPN is superior
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