digital signals to simulate analog signals. For example, PWM can drive the speaker to make different tones of sound. The sockets with PWM are very easy to differentiate, and their port numbers are all followed by "~" Symbol, as shown in 1.13.
Figure 1.13 PWM Port
We can see that they are ports 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11, respectively. There are 6 in total.Serial of ArduinoYun
Serial is the Serial port. Port 0 and Port 1 are reused. Port 0 serves as the receiving end and Port 1 serves as the sendin
:/Keil/C51/INC/Atmel /".4. set the lint executable path to "X:/(directory of PC-Lint)/LINT-NT.EXE" and the configuration file path to "C:/Keil/C51/bin/CO-KC51.LNT ".5. Click Tools --> lint... to run PC-lint in the current C source file. Click Tools --> lint all c-source files to run PC-lint in all C source files of the project.6. After running PC-lint, check that the information is displayed in the build column of the output window. Double-click any r
1. Open Keil μ vision3 and open the project to be checked.
2. Open the Tools menu, select setup PC-lint..., and open the PC-Lint options window.
3. Click the four edit icons (new, delete, move up, move down) in the upper right corner to set PC-Lint include folders. Based on the C source
ProgramThe header file (. h) name in the file to locate the related folder (including the INC folder itself) in the "C:/Keil/C51/INC/" directory ). For example, "C:/Keil/C51/INC/" and "c:/Keil/C51/INC/
ATMEL-based SPI Model
Let's take a look at this article.ArticleAnalysis:
Http://blog.chinaunix.net/u3/96265/showart_1925533.html
[Post indicated source] http://blog.csdn.net/lanmanck
However, some details are not mentioned. I would like to add it. If not, please point it out:
1. the driver has the concept of bus and equipment.
SPI controller is the bus (SPI bus), corresponding to atmel_spi.c
An external chip on the SPI controller,
4.7k Ω × 3
10k Ω × 2
Diode
1n4733 × 2
Transistor
8050 × 1
Connectors (optional)
9-core serial port plug-mother/hole) × 1
Serial Port connector protection cover × 1
10-core or 6-core double-row pin/seat × 1
All components
Finished product demonstration
Finished Product
Pay attention to the wiring sequence of the single chip microcomputer. Software: ponyprog Introduction
After the download line is completed, all the hardware parts are OK. The next step is to install
monitoring large data volumes and real-time transmission, and is easy to smoothly transition to 3G mobile communication systems. The GPS intelligent monitoring system consists of GPS smart terminals, CDMA networks, Internet networks, and monitoring centers, as shown in figure 1.2 hardware design of GPS smart terminals2.1 platform IntroductionMobile Terminals designed with arm processors and embedded technology are significantly improved in terms of both functions and man-machine interfaces comp
controlled robots, Atmel/PIC programmers, Home Automation ,... etc... here is a simple tutorial on parallel port interfacing and programming, with some examples.
Everybody knows what is parallel port, where it can be found, and for what it is being used. the primary use of parallel port is to connect printers to the computer and is specifically designed for this purpose. thus it is often called as printer port or centronics port (this name came from
This Digest self-Research Progress Report
Because tossim can only run the same code on all nodes, it obviously does not meet our requirements. The following simulators are available for research:
As we recommend e, all simulated nodes run the same application code on tossim, that is to say every node must run the same code.
I checked so far alternatives:
1.Avrora (Http://compilers.cs.ucla.edu/avrora/)
Avrora, a research project of the ulinoleic compilers group, is a set of simulation and analys
few years ago. To meet the market demand, arm is also stepping up its R D of their latest ARM architecture. The cortex series is such a product. Before cortex, arm cores are named with the arm prefix, from arm1 to arm11, and then the cortex series. Cortex has the meaning of cerebral cortex in English, and cerebral cortex is the core part of the human brain. It is estimated that arm has such a meaning.
I. armv7 architecture features
The following table lists the development history of the ARM m
Recently, I tried to download the latest version of Keil and add protues to create a virtual environment. The main cause is the economic problem. Electronic components cost money...
Today, I encountered some problems with using Keil uvision 4 and recorded them for later viewing :)
As for activation, there is no shortage in town. No more
Problem 1: No STC in Keil
Solution:
Solution 1: Use Atmel 89C52. If you use the unique function of STC, specify the
performance only goes down when n> 4096 (when we use more than 16kb in memory); The Atmel processor we're using has a 16 Kbyte data cache.
Brief Chinese description:
When compiling source code, the cross-compiler uses FPA (float point architecture, that is, hard floating point) for floating point operations by default. For CPUs without FPA, such as Samsung's S3C2440, the execution speed after FPE (float point emulation, that is, soft floating point
If nandflash fails to be written, or the wrong Bootstrap is written, the system cannot be started or connected to Sam-BA by USB, but jlink is not available at hand, you can try to use the SD card startup method to restore the data.After downloading the attachment and placing it in the root directory of the SD card in FAT32 format, the system starts from the SD card after power-on reset, after entering U-boot, you can use the NAND command to erase the NAND, and then the board can connect to Sam-b
SkyEye Installation and Clinux kernel compilation3. Installation of 1.1 SkyEyeSkyEye installation is not the focus of this article to introduce, there is a large number of information on this is introduced. For information on the installation and use of SkyEye, please refer to reference material [11]. Because the SkyEye face is mainly used in the field of embedded systems, the Clinux system is often used on skyeye, but it is also possible to use Linux as a system to run on SkyEye. Since the int
specialized in technology based on RISC chip design and development companies, as intellectual property suppliers, not directly engaged in wafer production, by Transfer design license by the company to produce the unique chip, the world's major semiconductor manufacturers (RFID RF Express Note: such as Philips, TI, Intel , BroadCom, Atmel, etc.) from arm company to buy its design arm microprocessor core, according to their different application field
cycle, slave pulls down SDA, sends an ACK NACK: in the 9th CLK cycle, Slave keeps SDA high, sending a NACK one time can transmit multiple bytes until master sends start/ Stop If the slave device is too late to process data, it can keep the SCL low, forcing master to enter the wait state.
I2C Master Sample code (GPIO simulation)
can refer to: STM32 under the simulation I2C C language implementation I2C slave Example
I2C slave implementation should be more difficult than I2C master, the implement
Device Controller (UDC)-driven implementations supported by the kernel, as well as the implementation of frameworks and different gadget.
Take AT91 ARM9 As an example, the bottom driver is at91_udc.c (for the SOC that supports high Speed USB 2.0 is ATMEL_USBA_UDC.C), it implements the unified interface defined by Gadget.h, and then various gadget on the upper layer Driver (such as SERIAL.C, etc.) call this set of unified interface to achieve different types of functions, such as USB serial, u d
)-driven implementations supported by the kernel, as well as the implementation of frameworks and different gadget.
Take AT91 ARM9 As an example, the bottom driver is at91_udc.c (for the SOC that supports high Speed USB 2.0 is ATMEL_USBA_UDC.C), it implements the unified interface defined by Gadget.h, and then various gadget on the upper layer Driver (such as SERIAL.C, etc.) call this set of unified interface to achieve different types of functions, such as USB serial, u disk, USB ethernet and s
, USB ethernet and so on.
The Atmel USB port frame diagram:
Configure kernel configure with the following command Supportgadget serial
1 Copy kernel Configure file to the obj directory in the current directory
2 Configuring the Configure file under the obj directory
3 Save the configured configure file as a. config
4 copy. config file to the CONIFG directory of Linux kernel
Make Mtxxxx_smp_mod_dbg_defconfig arch=arm o=obj/mtxxxx_smp_mod_dbg_defconf
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