Linux under the virtual machineUse more or KEIL,VS2012,GCC these three modelsSometimes thinking, what is a compiler, why I define a printf, the screen will show the characters of the specified formatFirst we have to go back to the single-board machine, I understand the single-board machine is a control chip + a bunch of peripheral circuits. And I use the Keil compiler, which contains a control chip corresponding to the header file, the header file will be a lot of input and output ports are all
(Crystal oscillator 12MHz, a machine cycle of 1us.)
A. 500MS Delay sub-Program
Program:
void delay500ms (void) {
unsigned char i,j,k;
for (i=15;i>0;i--)
for (j=202;j>0;j--)
for (k=81;k>0;k--);
}
Produced by the Assembly:
c:0x0800 7f0f MOV R7, #0x0F
c:0x0802 7ECA MOV R6, #0xCA
c:0x0804 7d51 MOV R5, #0x51
c:0x0806 ddfe djnz r5,c:0806
c:0x0808 DEFA djnz r6,c:0804
c:0x080a DFF6 djnz r7,c:0802
c:0x080c RET
Calculation Analysis:
Program has a total of three
Introduction
List several registers to use first: LOCKCON0 LOCKCON1 oscset mpllcon epllcon epllcon_k
These 6 registers control 2 internal PLL phase-locked loops, an external crystal oscillator. The output values of these two independent PLL phase-locked loops are determined by the setting values of Mpllcon and Epllcon , respectively. The stable output time of the PLL is determined by LOCKCON0 and LOCKCON1 . The stability time of the crystal
the specified usercd-: Switch back and forth between the previous directory and the current directoryLinux Command type:Built-in command: (shell) built-in which LSExternal command: An executable file corresponding to the command name on a path in the file system.Environment variables:What is a variable? A variable is a namespace for memory. The process of putting data is called variable assignmentName =jerry, which is used only in the current program.Path: A bunch of used: separated paths.Hash:
oscillator, and the number of clock pulses produced by the crystal oscillator in 1 seconds is the frequency of the clock cycle.Linux uses macro clock_tick_rate to represent the frequency of input clock pulses in the 8254 pit (typically 1193180HZ in a PC), which is defined in the Include/asm-i386/timex.h header file:#define CLOCK_TICK_RATE 1193180/* Underlying HZ */(2) Clock tick: We know that when the coun
Tags: LSA generated audio span describe ATI channel Ann correctAudio ClockingAudio clock==============This text describes the audio clocking terms in ASOC and digital audio inGeneral. Note:audio clocking can be complex!This article describes the audio clock terms in ASOC and digital audio in general.Note:audio Clock is a very complicated stuff.Master ClockMaster Clock------------Every audio subsystem is driven by a master clock (sometimes referred to as MCLK or SYSCLK). This audio master clock c
use the interrupt function to perform its own task periodically. The interrupt mechanism can also be used by the client via the RTC device. After you open the device file, use Ioctrl to set the frequency, periodically to read the device value, you can measure the time. Because the set frequency is set the clock to trigger the frequency of the 8th interrupt, the reading device is worth the number of interrupts since the last read operation so far. Therefore, each time you read it, you can get th
: s3c24xx_init_clocks ( 12000000);Note: Perhaps the crystal on your board is not 12MHz, so you have to look at the schematic diagram or the development Board of the crystal oscillator is how much.Reset, make image, download, Bootm.Figure II s3c2440 Crystal oscillator circuit diagramThis time the kernel has successfully printed the message:Bytes transferred = 1984424 (1e47a8 hex) # # booting kernel from Lega
period of rotation, the fan blades may be due to heat and deformation, touch the inner wall, emitting noise.
Solution: Take the blade in the scratch place gently scraping a few, increase the distance between the fan and the inner wall, avoid both friction.
As we all know, the computer noise mainly from the fan, many materials are introduced to the fan oil to reduce noise, but I think the fan noise is not necessarily due to the lack of oil bearings.
Fan blade "Eccentric" is the main cause of
Memory frequency is the same as CPU frequency, is used to represent the speed of memory, it represents the maximum operating frequency that memory can achieve. The memory frequency is measured in MHz (MHz). The higher the memory frequency is to a certain extent, the faster the memory can reach. The frequency of memory determines how often the memory can work correctly. The current market is more mainstream 667MHz and 800MHz of DDR memory.
Brief introduction
As you know, the clock speed of comp
memory frequency is the same as CPU frequency, is used to represent the speed of memory, it represents the maximum operating frequency that memory can achieve. The memory frequency is measured in MHz (MHz). the higher the memory frequency is to a certain extent, the faster the memory can reach. The frequency of memory determines how often the memory can work correctly. Currently the more mainstream memory frequency rooms are 333MHz and 400MHz of DDR memory, as well as 533MHz and 667MHz of DDR2
We first use a multimeter to measure the USB four lines (red +5v white data-data-green data-data-lacquer line) multimeter Red table pen to the ground black pen measurement (white line and Lu Liling line. The resistance of 50 euro, the two lines are from the South bridge out, if the resistance changes too large can be judged is the South bridge problem. Description USB module burned inside the South bridge.
Look outside the USB device now a lot of the driver. Even if there is no driver, it wil
does not, the main control will not work. And in the examination of this circuit, in fact, the clock generation circuit is very simple, only need to check the crystal oscillator and its peripheral circuit can be, because the crystal is afraid of brush and U disk compact very easy to fall on the ground caused by crystal damage, as long as the replacement of the same crystal vibration can be. Note: Crystal oscillat
instruction: In-chip temperature collection experiment, sends the data to the PC through the serial port 0*/ #include #define LED1 P1_0#define LED2 P1_1#define LED3 P1_2#define LED4 P1_3 /*32M Crystal Oscillator Initialization-------------------------------------------------------*/ voidXtal_init (void){Sleep = ~ 0x04; All on the electricity. while( ! (Sleep 0x40)); Crystal oscillator Open and stableClkc
optimizes the use of the LM2596, greatly simplifying the design of the switching power supply circuit.
There are other features of the device: under certain input voltages and output loads, the error of the output voltage can be guaranteed to be within the range of the ±4%, the oscillation frequency error is within the range of ±15%, and an external power outage can be achieved with only 80μa standby current With self-protection circuit (a two-stage reduced-frequency current-limit protection an
the watchdog, the system restarts, for us to light the LED has no effect, because the CPU restart and code run quickly, the human eye can not tell the LED flashing, said to have no impact on the experiment. The experiment code for convenience did not do the work of shutting down the watchdog.
2. Initialize the clock: Why the clock is initialized.
When the system was just started, the system clock was provided by the external crystal oscillator, the c
);
Lcd_write_com (0x38);
Delayms (5);
Lcd_write_com (0x38); Lcd_write_com (0x08); /* Show off */lcd_write_com (0x01); /* Display Clear screen */lcd_write_com (0x06);
/* Display cursor movement settings */delayms (5); Lcd_write_com (0x0C);
/* Display open and cursor settings */}
② delay function
#include "delay.h"/
*------------------------------------------------
US delay function with input parameters unsigned char T, no return value
unsigned char is defined as
, Recommended for master devices.
Q: Codec is the use of external crystal oscillator to provide MCLK or use MCU to provide MCLK.
A: The external crystal oscillator may appear with the MCU frequency mismatch phenomenon, resulting in sound distortion. It is recommended to use MCU to provide MCLK.
Q: Does the FULLUSB satisfy the transmission of the audio?
A: The full USB rate is 12MHz, and the bandwidth requ
the wall clock (the first two sections of the interface function does not specify the clock ID, actually obtained is the clock_realtime time value). Clock_realtime This system clock allows the user to set it (with Cap_sys_time permissions, of course), which means that the system clock can be modified in user space, resulting in discontinuous time breaks. In addition, the clock can be adjusted by NTP (there is no discontinuity, NTP adjusts the local oscillat
);
②. The circuit that completes the same function should be placed as close as possible, and the components should be adjusted to ensure the most concise connection; at the same time, adjust the relative positions between functional blocks to make the connection between functional blocks the most concise;
③ For high-quality components, the installation position and installation strength should be taken into account; the heating elements should be separated from the temperature-sensitive compon
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