complete the three-to-TCP handshake.
To achieve passive measurement, each measurement interface on the device is configured with a virtual IP address (fictitious IP address,vip). Returns an 1x1 pixel GIF image when the address is accessed via HTTP or HTTPS. Pathcontrol provides this GIF directly, measuring the time it took to establish a TCP call with a client computer. As long as the VIP address is embedded in an href on the Web page, the measurement begins once a client requests the page. Th
The BGP protocol runs on top of TCP and, as a result, it inherits all vulnerabilities of TCP connections. For example, in a BGP session, an attacker could impersonate a legitimate BGP neighbor, and then persuade the BGP router on the other end to share routing information to
C through the BGP learning, will generate a routing table based on the shortest path algorithm to select the path of a more optimal service-side address assume a more excellent New route Table 10.0.0.1--192.168.1.3. In the process of use, the BGP network will continue to se
[Experimental environment] liehuo.net
C3640-IK9O3S-M Version 12.4 (10) liehuo.net
[Tutorial Objective] veryhuo.com
Uses Full-mesh to resolve BGP routing black hole liehuo.net
[Experiment topology] liehuo.net
Liehuo.net
[Experiment description] lie # fire # Network
BGP distribution. R2, R3, and R4 run the OSPF protocol. The objective is to enable 1.1.1.1
First, the experimental topology:Second, the experimental requirements:1, increase R5:as 5, and R2 through the Direct Connect route to establish BGP neighbor relationship;2, R2 deployed in BGP under Send-conmmunity to R5;3, R4 deployment ACL crawl 4.4.4.4 traffic, Route-map named Shuchu, call ACL, set community no-export, and invoke Route-map Shuchu out in the BGP
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BGP routing policies in ISP Networks
"
IEEE Network magazine 2005
1 Ways to configure local policythere are three classes of "knobs" that can be used to controlimport and export policies: 1) preference (demo-process) 2) filter (eliminate certain route) 3) tag (community) 2 BGP policy common practice and design pattern1) business relationship (1) inbound: Assign
* BGP is designed to process a large number of Route entries.Control the bandwidth traffic in a certain transmission direction.1. Controllable attributes:· Local priority:It is valid for outbound traffic.Relatively speaking, it is a priority.· MED multi-exit identification:Injected by external EBGP, It is set by the Administrator outside of AS to affect this.To effectively control the traffic that leaves me.· Weight2. Control through route ingThe
The problems that arise:
A) R1 has a 7.7.7.0/24 route on it, but Ping 7.7.7.7 is not reached. (R7 same)
Now view the R1 routing table
R7#sh IP route
B 1.1.1.0 [20/0] via 5.5.5.5, 00:02:54/To save space incomplete display
It can be seen that R7 learned the route of the R1, from the surface to see the experiment is perfect, for the purpose, but then the problem arises, make a test, on the R7 ping R1
R7#
First, the experimental topology:Second, the experimental requirements:1, R4, R1, R3, R2 respectively in the BGP process deployment neighbor Send Community attribute command;2, R4 deployment ACL crawl 4.4.4.4 traffic, route-map named PL, call ACL, set community no-advertise, and invoke Route-map pl out in the BGP process;3. Verify: View R1 in 4.4.4.4 Item details Are you carrying: no-advertise, and do not p
exists in a route, the RR will not create a new originator_id.
(2) When other BGP speaker receive this route, they will compare the received originator_id and the local
Router ID, if two IDs are the same, BGP speaker ignores this route and does not process it.
The Originator_id property guarantees that the route does not loop between the reflector and the client/non client.
Cluster_list is a 4 8-bit op
BGP Extended Communities for OSPF PE-CE Routing-domain ID analysis to make OSPF Routing characteristics can pass through the mpls vpn backbone network, it needs to define some BGP Extended group attributes. OSPF attributes that can be passed through mp bgp include:The extend
BGP routing is optimal, in the absence of filtering, there are two conditions related: Next hop can be reached, synchronous shutdown. If these two conditions are not met, the routing is not optimal.BGP Routing principle:
If the next hop of this route is unreachable, this route is ignored
Preferred-valnue value
Today, we gave a client a test report based on Route-map to filter through different routes to different end-to-end Cross-domain neighbors.
The function point is very small, but for the junior students want to help.
BGP is actually a very powerful routing protocol for routing filtering. CCIE is also the focus of the exam, in fact, there is a very good book to r
To allow OSPF routing features to pass through the mpls vpn backbone network, some BGP extended group attributes need to be defined. OSPF attributes that can be passed through mp bgp include:
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The extended attribute of mp
Summary of configuration formats of dynamic routing (ripV2, ospf, VPN, bgp, IS-IS)1. r12002router rip enable rip Protocol no atuo-summary disable automatic summary of version 2 2 network x mask x declaring the network segment (the subnet mask is a positive mask, mask can be disabled. 2. Enable the ospf protocol for ospfrouter ospf x, and add the Process Code router-id x to specify the router-id (the address
, finally, route Route 21/32 (next-hop: Route route 000020) will be retained in the igp route table.
Problem !!!
In this case, the Administrator publishes the loopback0 of R2.
Network bandwidth limit 20 mask limit 255
R2 releases a new update to r1, namely, 255.255.255.255.20/32 (next-hop: 255.255.255.255.20). After r1 receives the update, it mounts the route to the bgp and igp route tables. At this time, t
The principle of the route table and the overlapping route settings are shown in the following question and answer topic about the principle of the route table. I hope to cover all questions about the principle of using the route table and the overlapping route settings. Please leave a message to add this question.
Routing
relationship between the IP address and the MAC address of Host B in its own ARP cache table. At this point, the switch has learned the MAC address of host A and Host B.Detailed routing TableRouters are responsible for communication between different networks, it is an important device in today's network, it can be said that there is no router on the internet today. There is also a
Linux kernel 2.2 starts to support multiple routing tables.Routing policy Database (RPDB).Traditional routing table, based on the destination address to do routing. With multiple routing tables, kernel supports policy routing so t
corresponding relationship between the IP address and the MAC address of Host B in its own ARP cache table. At this point, the switch has learned the MAC address of host A and Host B.
Detailed routing TableRouters are responsible for communication between different networks, it is an important device in today's network, it can be said that there is no router on the internet today. There is also a
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