Intel
The art of assembly language
Intel architecture software developer manual:Volume 1: Basic ArchitectureVolume 2a: Instruction Set Reference, A-MVolume 2b: Instruction Set Reference, N-ZVolume 3A: System Programming Guide, part 1Volume 3B: System Programming Guide, part 2
X2apic Specification
Other intel Manual: Intel 64 and IA-32 ubuntures software developer's manuals
MIPs
MIPs instruction set, Quick
Hanwang technology used Marvell's xscal (ARM architecture) earlier ). Later, it is said that for power consumption and price considerations, all the products of Hanwang, except the dual-brand t61 (Alex), use the products provided by Beijing junzheng. Junzheng's 4740 is based on the mips architecture and features a clock speed of up to MHz. The advantage lies in power consumption and price, and the disadvantage lies in the running speed. As a result, h
Analysis on the Relationship between GCC, arm-Linux-GCC, and arm-elf-gcc
Embedded Development Exchange Group 280352802, welcome to join!1. Introduction to GCC
The GNU Compiler Collection, usually GCC for short, is a set of compilers developed by GNU. Why is it an editor set rather than a compiler? This is because it not only supports C language compilation, but also supports many languages such as C ++, Ada, and Objective C. In addition, GCC's support for the hardware platform can be ubiquitous.
. The compilation and installation are successful, and the power-on and restart operations are OK. However, the. config configuration file I used is the configuration file of the built-in kernel of Fedora 13.
D) If you are porting Linux to an embedded system, you must install the cross-compilation tool chain. For example, if the CPU of your target board may be arm or mips, install the corresponding cross-compilation tool chain. After installation, add
// ================================================ ====================================// Title:// Why does Windows Phone 7 not support C ++?// Author:// Norains// Date:// Thursday 5-August-2011// Environment:// Windows Phone 7// ================================================ ====================================
When I first learned that Windows Phone 7 does not support C ++ development, I was shocked and puzzled. However, over time, I finally understood Microsoft's original intention: I
. Compare the V5 to V7 architectures:
Figure 1: Architecture comparison between V5 and V7
Due to different application fields, the cortex processor series based on V7 architecture also adopt different technologies. The cortex-A series based on v7a is called the cortex-R series based on v7r, v7M-based cortex-M series. The following is a one-to-one introduction.
2. Cortex-A8
Cortex-A8 first application processor based on armv7 architecture. Cortex-A8 is arm's most powerful processor ever, with a c
Instruction sets are an important part of the processor architecture. The Instruction Set has two development aspects, including the CISC (Complex Instruction Set) represented by x86 and the Proteus (simplified instruction set) represented by arm and MIPS ). The goal of CISC is to use at least one or more commands to implement the functions that are frequently used as much as possible. Therefore, the running circuit of the command is often complicated
and complexity. When a function is called, stack operations are required to store input parameters, and the program context must be saved. I have been familiar with MIPS assembly programming. Based on my experience, when performing function switching in MIPS assembly, I need to save the values of multiple registers and perform stack operations, it is mainly manifested in storing values into the stack, savi
kinds it supports now? 7 Kinds!The Android system currently supports the following seven different CPU architectures: Armv5,armv7 (since 2010), x86 (from 2011 onwards), MIPS (from 2012 onwards), Armv8,mips64 and x86_64 (from 2014), Each one is associated with a corresponding ABI.The Application Binary interface (application binary Interface) defines how binary files (especially. so files) run on the appropriate system platform, from the instruction s
The source code that Linux uses to support various architectures consists of about 4,500 C language programs, which are stored in about 270 subdirectories, totaling approximately 2 million lines of code, and occupy about 58MB of disk space.http://blog.csdn.net/liaoshengjiong/article/details/3957654kernel-3.10.0-123.el7.src.rpmSource code All in directory:/usr/src/linux (most Linux distributions)Arch Platform related CodeI386 IBM's PC architecture◇kernel Kernel Core section◇MM Memory Management◇m
by Falcon of tinylab.org2015/04/18ReasonSource code analysis is a topic that programmers can not leave.Whether it is research open source projects, or usually do all kinds of transplant, development, can not avoid the deep interpretation of the source code.工欲善其事, its prerequisite.The first two articles describe the dynamic analysis of static and application parts. Here we begin to discuss how to dynamically analyze the Linux kernel section.Preparation work FtraceSimilar to the user-state gprof ,
://www.opensuse.org/zh-cn/: Http://software.opensuse.org/122/zh_CNCentosSystem: LinuxBased on: Fedora, Red HatOrigin: United StatesArchitecture: i386, x86_64Desktop: GNOME, KDECategory: Desktop, Life, serverCentOS (Community ENTerprise Operating System) is one of the Linux distributions and is compiled from Red Hat ENTerprise Linux based on source code released under open source rules. Because of the same source code, some servers that require a high degree of stability are used with CentOS inst
some memory is non-cacheable, such as the Linux kernel There is a commonly used function called IOREMAP, when accessing peripherals, it is often used, its role is to map the physical address of the peripheral to the virtual address space for kernel driver use, in mapping, the Register Address page table is configured to non-cacheable, data directly from the peripheral address space read and write, Maintain the consistency of the data.
In lower-level CPUs (such as Arm cortex-a5,
-end processor, in./include/linux/byteorder/little_endian.h, as follows:
[plain] view plain copy #define __LE32_TO_CPU (x) (__force __u32) (__LE32) (x)) is equivalent to doing nothing. For big-endian processors, in./include/linux/byteorder/big_endian.h, the following:
[plain] view plain copy #define __LE32_TO_CPU (x) __swab32 (__force __u32) (__LE32) (x)) the literal meaning can also be seen, __swab32 realize The data is flipped. Wait, we'll analyze the implementation of __SWAB32, the essence
This paper introduces the CD-ROM content and software usage instructions of godson32i development system.
1. CD Content
2. Running the Linux system on the Development Board2.1 Using a DOM disk2.2 Using NFS
3. Establish a development environment3.1 GCC tool chain installation requirements3.2 Installation Process
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. CD ContentGodson32i development system equipped with the CD-ROM, mainly contains the following content:(1
operation, and we often want to have a write operation, You can update some of our intermediate results while decoding. This is also the main difference between attention and memory, and is why they can be put into a unified framework.
and soft attention calculation is actually very large, hard attention and not enough stable--respectively take the essence of both of them, this second paper [2] The author came up with hierarchical memory Networks (HMN). HMN is the use of hierarchical structure
SDK simplifies the process of developing software.
Unlike many other distributions for routers, OpenWrt is a zero-based, fully-functional, easy-to-modify router operating system. In fact, this means that developers can use the features they want without adding to the rest, while the Linux kernel that support these features are much newer than most distributions.
OpenWrt supports a variety of processor architectures, both for ARM,X86,POWERPC and MIPS.
Label: in the embedded Linux platform using GDB Debugging for remote debugging needs to install Gdbserver,gdbserver work on the target board, through the serial port or network cable and the host GDB interconnect to achieve remote debugging. Gdbserver needs to compile builds based on different embedded platforms, first to http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/Download the appropriate version. The compilation is then done locally. Compiling GDB under Unbuntu requires installing the ncurses library and insta
words. You can disassemble the module files. But since the module is the target file, you will see that the address of the text segment starts at 0. The module's code snippet is obviously not at the 0 address when the kernel is running. Also, in this snippet you will see calls between functions, and intra-function jumps are branch instructions that start with B (only for MIPS and ARM architecture discussions), and branch instructions jump before and
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