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encapsulated at Layer 3rd of the network protocol stack. The following tunnel protocols are available:IPSecIP Security) Protocol: the IPSec protocol is not a separate protocol. It provides a complete set of architecture for data Security on the IP network, including AHAuthentication Header), ESPEncapsulating Security Payload) IKEInternet Key Exchange. To ensure the integrity, authenticity, anti-replay and private nature of data packets during network upload and transmission.GREGeneric Routing E
another, while the route table describes the network information and directs the data packet from one machine to another. 4. misunderstandings At present, many people understand the implementation of a system. These people are similar to three categories. The first type is proficient in Linux kernel, the second type is proficient in the configuration of Cisco devices, and the third type is proficient in Windows Network Programming and NDIS. The three types have very few common intersections, so
As a new network architecture, SDN has become a hot topic in the industry. The open network it advocates represents a change in the concept of network construction from adapting network capabilities to actively adapting network capabilities to the needs of network applications. Separation of forwarding and control, centralized control, and open network programming interfaces are the main features of SDN network architecture. As the main SDN protocol, openflow hopes to use a new forwarding protoc
. There are many ways to integrate the IPv6 router service on the carrier's core Backbone Network: IPv6 private network, Dual Stack IPv4-IPv6 router backbone network, or the existing MPLS backbone network can be run on multiple different data link layers. If IPv6 data traffic and generated business income meet the required investment and risks agreed by both parties, users can deploy these solutions on the backbone network. We need a way to build a re
The performance of Huawei enterprise-level routers is still very good, and the market demand is gradually increasing. Here we will introduce the Huawei NetEngine enterprise-level routers to you, quidwayNetEngine 20E/20 series routers are the fifth-generation enterprise-level high-performance Routers developed by Huawei Technology Co., Ltd. for carriers, industry networks, and enterprise networks. NE20E/NE20 series enterprise router according to the number of business slot can be divided into NE2
on, may be necessary in some slices, but are not required in other network slices. Operators can tailor their network slices in the way they want, and may be the most cost-effective way.How to implement network slicing between the two (2) Edge and core cloud network slices: ip/mpls-sdnThe software-defined network, although a very simple concept when introduced first, is now becoming more and more complex. In the case of overlay, SDN technology is abl
For example, I need to apply this patch for my Linux source code:http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/davem/net.gi t/diff/?id=fe82b3300ec9c0dc4ba871f9a58b265aadf4e186First, I copy this paragraph to a file in local directory:/usr/src/linux-4.3/patch.file."Diff--git A/net/mpls/mpls_iptunnel.c B/net/mpls/mpls_iptunnel.cIndex 67591AE.. 64afd3d 100644---a/net/mpls
of enterprises. The reliability of metropolitan area Network router is embodied in the following two aspects, one is the reliability of the equipment layer, the other is the reliability of the network layer. The network reliability is an important content of the reliability guarantee of metropolitan area Network router, because the traditional router protocol converges slowly (IGP in the second level, BGP in the minute level), can not meet the demand of carrying real time service. Network rel
find the 00000g master file "22.7. m2ts. Figure 7 Then, the "bdedit" software is used to further analyze the "playlist" and "clipinf" of the main file ". Open "bdedit" and click "folder" on the left of the "read" button to specify The file information of "index. bdmv" and "movieobject. bdmv" is read in the "E: \ the_last_samura" window. Figure 8 You do not need to perform any operations here. Click the next "playlist" window. The program will not pre-read data at the beginning. Click
code, virtual connection virtual concatenation, and Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme-LCAS. GSMP is designed to implement multiple data services and use statistical multiplexing to work with existing underlying transmission links. This not only improves the efficiency of transmission bandwidth usage, but also guarantees the QoS and SLA of connection services. It can be said that green is a simple and easy-to-use Adaptation Mechanism for transmitting Ethernet and Fiber Channel in the fiber network
service levels. High reliability:It adopts a highly reliable modular design method. All boards, fans, and power supply modules support hot swapping. It provides dual-power 1 + 1 backup modules with redundant backups and passive backboards; provides software hot Patching Technology to completely smooth upgrade of equipment; supports dynamic routing protocols, MPLS Traffic Engineering, and provides protection mechanisms such as IP/
It is very useful to learn about the cell packaging technology. So I studied the cell Packaging Technology in Cisco routers. I will share it with you here, hoping it will be useful to you. Cell packaging, also known as cell concatenation) is a mechanism that encapsulates multiple cell relay asynchronous transmission modes (ATM) cells into the same IP/MPLS group. It enables telecom operators to overcome the low bandwidth efficiency inherent in cell rel
How DCN and SDN meet new requirements New Technology of ip ran Network The traditional 3G/B3G network needs the basic bearer network to provide the Layer 2 capability to meet the needs of the Upper-layer network mobile service return. However, due to the introduction of S1-Flex and X2 interface, the basic bearer network must have three-layer switching capabilities. Based on the dynamic IP/MPLS protocol and key technologies, the ip ran is a solution t
1 Introduction Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) is a new type of network that can automatically connect to the network. It consists of three planes: control plane, transfer plane, and management plane. The control plane technology is its core. It can implement dynamic exchange using the control plane. GMPLS generic Multi-Protocol Label Exchange (MSTP) is a common Multi-Protocol Label Exchange Technology proposed by IETF, which is extended by MPL
belongs to the external gateway protocol EGP. 7.6.1 BGP and AS numbers The final route control table of BGP is represented by the network address and the router Group of the next stop. However, it performs route control based on the number of passed. 7.6.2 BFP is a path vector protocol 7.7 MPLS Currently, in addition to routing technology, tag switching technology is also used in the process of forwarding IP data packets. The routing technology is
mode designed specifically for high-performance, highly scalable IP backbone networks. From the above we can see that in large-scale dynamic IP networks, CEF is able to provide unprecedented exchange consistency and stability. It can effectively compensate for the frequent failure of fast-swapping cache entry, and the DCEF distributed Exchange can make each circuit card exchange completely and provide more superior performance; CEF is less memory-intensive than fast-switched route cache, and ca
1.1.1.1No BGP default Ipv4-unicastBGP log-neighbor-changesNeighbor 3.3.3.3 Remote-as 100Neighbor 3.3.3.3 Update-source Loopback0!Address-family vpnv4Neighbor 3.3.3.3 ActivateNeighbor 3.3.3.3 Send-community ExtendedExit-address-family!address-family IPv4 VRF TradingRedistribute RIPNo synchronizationExit-address-family!address-family IPv4 VRF RetailRedistribute RIPNo synchronizationExit-address-family!MPLS LDP Router-id Loopback0 R2 configuration:
the next generation network should be based on the quality of IP-guaranteed Universal telecommunications network. The development of the customer of the network needs not only the optimization of the existing network service, such as the QoS guarantee of the connectionless Network service and the IP service. At the same time, the smooth transition of existing network service and physical Foundation also needs good planning. Although it is very complicated to realize the exchange of multiple ser
destination. MPOA uses the Distributed Virtual routing technology to connect the ATM subnet and edge devices of the traditional LAN subnet, similar to the interface card of the virtual router, the entire ATM network connected to the edge device is the forwarding backplane of the virtual router. The Group forwarding function is separated from the routing computing function. The routing computing function is completed by the Routing Server. This separation improves forwarding efficiency and throu
requested port. VPN support The VPN on the IP address is described in the router technology above. Possible protocols include L2TP, GRE, IP Over IP, and IPSec. The VPN support capability should also be concerned. Encryption Method The router may use the encryptor mechanism in VPN implementation or other conditions to ensure security. Router technology uses CPU to execute software algorithms, which usually affects forwarding efficiency. Some router technologies adopt hardware encryption to impro
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