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bias is used to measure the ability of an independent variable in a multivariate function to influence the function value.
A gradient is a vector that points to the value of the function to increase the fastest direction.
The chain rule is that, for a composite function, the derivation process can be part of a part, and then "linked" up.
Vectors can be thought of as a special form of a matrix.
Matrix multiplication is closely related to linear systems.
The Ndarray in the Num
http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/4397356Machine learning machines Learning-andrew NG Courses Study notesNeural Networks Representation Neural network representationnon-linear Hypotheses Nonlinear hypothesisNeurons and the brain neurons and brainsModel representation models representExamples and intuitions examples and intuitive knowledgeMulticlass Classification Multi-class classificationfrom:
self.nodesinLayers.append (int (SELF.OUTPUTDI)) #self. nodesinb=[] #self. nodesinb + = self. Nodesinhidden #self. Nodesinb.append (int (SELF.OUTPUTDI)) #for element in Self.nodesinlayers: #self . Nodesinlayers=int (Self.nodesinlayers[idx]) #weight matrix, it's a list and each element is a numpy matrix # Weight matrix, here are Wij, and in BP we could inverse it into Wji #here we store the matrix as Numpy.array SE Lf.weightmatrix=[] Self. B=[] for IDX in range (0,self.NL-1): #Xaxier ' s scaling
Adit DeshpandeCS undergrad at UCLA (' 19)Blog Abouta Beginner ' s Guide to Understanding convolutional neural Networks Part 2IntroductionLink to Part 1In this post, we'll go to a lot more of the specifics of Convnets. Disclaimer: Now, I did realize that some of these topics is quite complex and could be made in whole posts by themselves. In a effort to remain concise yet retain comprehensiveness, I'll provi
Reference: Artificial neural network-Han Liqun pptlooking at some of the language models based on neural networks, compared with traditional language models, there is no need for additional smoothing algorithms In addition to the amount of computational effort, which makes them surprisingly effective. These networks c
Recaption on CNN ArchitectureAlthough Serena is very beautiful, and Justin is a better lecturer. Love him.Recurrent neural Network Meant to process sequencial data, reuse hidden state to retain the knowledge of the previous Fed inputs. Can is use with "one to many", "many to one" and "many to many" scenarios by using different input and output stradegies. Formally, we maintain an $h _t$ for TTH iteration, and generate next hidden state by applying $h
in the second layer.The formula is:The original image is mapped to, 0-255, here is generally set to 8, function h is a step function. , which indicates the number of filters in the second layer.For each output matrix of the first layer, it is divided into B block, calculate the histogram information of each block, then cascade the histogram features of each block, and finally get the Block expansion histogram feature:Overlapping and non-overlapping block patterns can also be used for histogram
next layer, each neuron only related to the K values of the previous layer.However, the introduction of the concept of weight sharing, the model is further simplified to achieve: the number of weight is only related to the size of kernel. For kernel and Weight sharing, it can be understood that there is no fixed connection between the L layer and the L-1 layer, but rather dynamic binding, where there is a small window between the two layers, called kernel. A small portion of the original image
5.1 Cost FunctionSuppose the training sample is: {(x1), Y (1)), (x (2), Y (2)),... (x (m), Y (m))}L = Total No.of layers in NetworkSl= no,of units (not counting bias unit) in layer LK = number of output units/classesThe neural network, L = 4,S1 = 3,s2 = 5,S3 = 5, S4 = 4Cost function for logistic regression:The cost function of a neural network: 5.2 Reverse Propagation Algorithm backpropagationA popular ex
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There are nature on the paper, I translated the Chinese version, and recorded a narration alphago working principle of the video, is a summary of the principle of alphago work.
Here is the summary section:
For artificial intelligence, Weiqi has always been considered the most challenging classic game, due to its huge search space
Idea: Using RNN to model users ' browsing order, using FNN to simulate CF, two networks learning togetherRNN Network structure:The state of the output layer represents a page that a user browses, which can be seen as a one-hot representation, and STATE0 to 3 is the page that is browsed in turn. Because RNN input number is limited, if the user browses too many pages, then will lose the first of those pages, paper in order to retain this part of the inf
of the word vector effect is also possible.Channel (Channels): An image can take advantage of (R, G, B) as a different channel, while the input channel of the text is usually a different way of embedding (such as Word2vec or glove), In practice, the use of static word vectors and fine-tunning-word vectors as different channel methods are also used.One dimensional convolution (conv-1d): The image is a two-dimensional data, the word vector expression of the text is one-dimensional data, so in tex
The pooled layers (Pooling layer) are also inspired by visual neuroscience. In the primary visual cortex V1 (Primary visual cortex), there are many complex cells (Complex cells) that are invariant to small changes in objects in the image (invariance to small shifts and Distortions). This invariance is also the core of pooling layer, we first see how the pooling layer works, and then specifically analyze this invariance.We illustrate the working process of the pooling layer, in the max pooling op
This article mainly introduces the knowledge of Perceptron, uses the theory + code practice Way, and carries out the learning of perceptual device. This paper first introduces the Perceptron model, then introduces the Perceptron learning rules (Perceptron learning algorithm), finally through the Python code to achieve a single layer perceptron, so that readers a more intuitive understanding. 1. Single-layer Perceptron model
Single-layer perceptron is a neura
. We use the cublas. lib and curand. Lib libraries. One is matrix calculation and the other is random number generation. I applied for all the memory I needed at one time. After the program started running, there was no data exchange between the CPU and GPU. This proved to be very effective. The program performance is about dozens of times faster than the original C language version (if the network is relatively large, it can reach a speed-up ratio of about one hundred times ). Each EPOS uses 16
Discovery modeThe linear model and the neural network principle and the goal are basically consistent, the difference manifests in the derivation link. If you are familiar with the linear model, the neural network will be well understood, the model is actually a function from input to output, we want to use these models to find patterns in the data, to discover the existence of the function dependencies, of
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Optimization Algorithm
To solve the optimization problem, there are many algorithms (the most common is gradient descent), these algorithms can also be used to optimize the neural network. Each depth learning library contains a large number of optimization algorithms to optimize the learning rate, so that the network with the fastest training times to achieve optimal, bu
I. Documentation names and authorsconvolutional neural Networks at Constrained time COST,CVPR two. Reading timeJune 30, 2015Three. Purpose of the documentThe author hopes to improve the accuracy of CNN by modifying the model depth and the parameters of the convolution template, while maintaining the computational complexity. Through a lot of experiments, the author finds the importance of different paramete
ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural Networks reading notes(after deciding to read a paper each time, the notes are recorded on the blog.) )This article, published in NIPS2012, was Hinton and his students, in response to doubts about deep learning, used deep learning for imagenet, the largest database of image recognition, and eventually achieved very surprising results, The result is much
Some methods of himself analysis (II.) will be supplemented in the future. --by weponCombined with the literature "deep Learning for computer Vision", here are some points of attention and questions about convolutional neural networks.
The excitation function is to choose a nonlinear function, such as tang,sigmoid,rectified liner. In CNN, Relu is used more because: (1) Simplifying BP calculations and (2
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