provides all multimedia communication protocols. It only provides protocols related to call establishment and control functions. Compared with H.323, SIP is more flexible and easy to implement. It is expected to become an effective substitute for H.323, and SIP is the only call control protocol in 3GPPrelease5.
Because neither UDP nor RTP/RTCP can provide any VoIP service quality assurance, one way to provide high-quality services is to ensure sufficient bandwidth for packet transmission. Resou
tracking tool that combines the ping and tracert commands with other information not provided by the two tools. The pathping Command sends data packets to each vro in the path to the destination within a period of time, and then returns the data packet-based computer results from each hop. Because the command shows how much data packets are lost on any given vro or link, it is easy to determine the vro or link that may cause network problems.-N Hostnames does not resolve the address to the host
)Microsoft: Provides protected storage areas for storing sensitive data such as private keys to prevent unauthorized services, processing, or users from accessing them.Supplement: services used to store passwords on your computer, such as outlook, Dialup programs, other applications, master-slave architecture, etc.Dependency: Remote Procedure Call (RPC)Suggestion: automatic
QoS RSVP (QoS licensing control, RSVP
a Ping can wait.-Q num_queries: the number of queries per hop.-W time-out indicates the number of milliseconds each reply takes.-T Layer 2 tag connects the layer 2nd priority mark (for example, for IEEE 802.1 p) to the data packet and sends it to each network device in the path. This helps identify network devices that are not correctly configured with Layer 2 priority. The-T switch is used to test QoS connectivity.-R rsvp isbase che check to determi
Serial NumberMicrosoft: retrieves the serial number of any portable music player connected to your computerSupplement: Can I retrieve any music dial numbers through an online computer? No value servicesSuggestion: Disabled
Print Spooler (print multi-task buffer processor)Microsoft: load the file into memory for printing later.Supplement: If there is no printer, you can turn it off.Dependency: Remote Procedure Call (RPC)Suggestion: Disabled
Protected Storage (protected storage device)Microsoft:
programming interfaces (APIS) so that developers can build sip components and applications for service providers and enterprises. Most importantly, more and more competitors are using promising new services to enter the SIP market. SIP is becoming one of the most important protocols since HTTP and SMTP.
Advantages of SIP: Web-like scalable open communication
With sip, service providers can select standard components at will to quickly control new technologies. Regardless of the number of media
pings.
-Q num_queries The number of queries per hop.
The number of milliseconds that the-W time-out waits for each reply.
-T Layer 2 tag connects the 2nd-tier priority tag (for example, to IEEE 802.1p) to a packet and sends it to each network device in the path. This helps identify network devices that do not have the proper configuration of level 2nd priority. The-t switch is used to test quality of service (QoS) connectivity.
-R RSVP isbase che che
processor)
Microsoft: Load the file in memory for printing later.
Add: If there is no printer, you can turn off the
Dependent: Remote Procedure call (RPC)
Recommendation: Disable
Protected Storage (Protected storage device)
Microsoft: Provides a protected storage area to store sensitive data such as private keys to prevent unauthorized service, processing, or user
Access.
Add: Services to store passwords on your computer, such as Outlook, dialer, other applications, master and slave arc
RSVP protocols are adopted. The video conferencing system used in ADSL, Fttb+lan and other broadband IP networks has achieved good results.
In the IP network ubiquitous today, this way networking convenience, cheap. However, because the packet-switched IP network follows the principle of making the best effort to deliver, the video conferencing effect of this access mode is inferior to that of ISDN, DDN and so on. But its good price-performance has
(mostly using iptables to do the tagging) function.Currently, the TC can be used by the filter has: Fwmark classifier, u32 classifier, based on the routing of the Classifier and RSVP classifier (for IPV6, IPV4), etc., wherein the fwmark classifier allows us to use the Linux netfilter code to select the traffic, The U32 classifier allows us to select the traffic based on any header. It should be noted that filter (filter) is inside the qdisc and they
first, set up QQ mailbox Open service
1. Open POP3/SMTP Service
Steps: Login QQ mailbox >> Setup >> account >> Open service >> Remember the Authorization code (this authorization code will be used in C # code), as shown in the following figure:
second, code implementation
1. Using System.Web.Mail.MailMessage, the code is as follows:
System.Web.Mail.MailMessage Mail = new System.Web.Mail.MailMessage (); Mail. to = "example@qq.com";//Accept-side mailbox mail. from = "example@qq.co
How does the installer, like PetShop, hit the database as it was packaged?
Focus on how to automatically create a database for customers in the installation package
Steps:1, add a new project-> Select the class Library template-> named DBCustomAction2, click the Item right key-> Add New Item-> Select Installer class (named DBCustomAction.cs)3. Add-> in Server Explorer connect to database-> Specify user password (choose Allow to save password)-> database Select Master4. Switch to DBCustomAction.c
fair queue) and Token bucket (Token Bucket), class base queue (CBQ), and CBQ is a super queue that can contain other queues (or even other CBQ).
Class is used to represent a control policy. Obviously, many times, we are likely to implement different traffic control strategies for different IPs, at which point we have to use different class to represent different control strategies.
Filter is used to delimit a user into a specific control policy (that is, in a different Class). For example, no
strictly. Some of the more advanced access control features, such as radius and AAA, have recently been integrated into some smart switches to enable user-based authentication and access control.
Network monitoring and management capabilities
SNMP-based network management has become the consensus of the industry, the enterprise or service provider a key requirement is to complete access to business trends and analysis capabilities, through the RMON function, can achieve this goal. Another req
strictly. Some of the more advanced access control features, such as radius and AAA, have recently been integrated into some smart switches to enable user-based authentication and access control.
Network monitoring and management capabilities
SNMP-based network management has become the consensus of the industry, the enterprise or service provider a key requirement is to complete access to business trends and analysis capabilities, through the RMON function, can achieve this goal. Another req
is not QoS based on IP, but more and more applications of multimedia information, such as IP transmission VOD, IP as a packaged protocol seems to be a bit powerless: long delay and not fixed value, packet loss caused by the signal discontinuity and large distortion. To address these issues, vendors offer a number of solutions: The first scenario is based on the priority of different objects, and the packets sent by some devices (many for multimedia applications) can be passed to the first pass.
Due to the emergence of OXC and Oadm, networking can not only be carried out in the business layer, but also become a reality of the network of optical layer. How to control and manage the network becomes a very important and very difficult problem. Since all optical devices are electrically controlled now, how to construct a suitable control platform on top of the light layer becomes the key problem. Now the international four organizations to make a variety of drafts, although there are differ
that maintain connection state and dynamic mapping information, a single point of failure may occur.
* Increased complexity of multihomed (multi-home) technologies that increase the reliability of enterprise site sites and Internet connectivity.
* Prevents the provision of security services at the network level.
* When the enterprise network needs to be merged with other private networks, there may be an address conflict (overlap) problem.
*NAPT and specific domain IP (Realm specific ip,rsi
Mpls–te:
1, about TE Flow engineering background Knowledge Introduction:
Why is there a te flow of engineering production?In the real production network, IGP often some fatal restrictions, such as OSPF is based on cost to select the path, the cost of the smaller the more priority. But sometimes the smaller the cost, does not mean that the link load is small. For example, there is a link is 100M, with 99M, there is another link is E1, with less than 500K, then the E1 link is actually better tha
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