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) and blocking process tableThe system separately records the starting address of each PCB table.3. PCB multistage Queue
Problems caused by multiple processes
Multiple processes competing for memory resources
Tight Memory resources
No ready process, processor idle: I/O speed is much slower than processor speed, may occur all process blocking wait I/O
Workaround:
swap technology : Swap out part of th
read the time of the last Anacron execution in/var/spool/anacron/cron.daily.(2) compared with the current time, if two times difference is more than one day, perform cron.daily work.(3) Performing this work is only between 03:00-22:00.(4) The forced delay time is 5 minutes when performing the work, and then a random delay of 0-45 minutes(5) Use the Nice command to specify the default priority and use the Run-parts script to execute all executables in the/etc/cron.daily directory.Note: Anacron w
() Is the function that changes the system default data alignment rules because of the data alignment requirements, so the actual size of the dynamic memory allocation must begreater than or equal toRequest size/**/void *ptr);Dereferencing a cast of a pointer from one type of variable to a different type is usually a violation of the strict alias ing rule 4. Manage Data Segments#include int brk (void *end); void * SBRK (intptr_t increment);BRK () Set
Operating system learning notes-memory management
The content of this article is as follows:
1. Purpose of Memory Management
2. core tasks of Memory Management
3. Various memory management methods:
3.1 partition
/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s12:10:01 AM Lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0012:10:01 AM eth0 0.62 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.0012:10:01 AM eth1 0.59 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00RXPCK/S indicates the number of packets received per second txpck/s Indicates the number of packets per second rxkb/s amount of data received per second txkb/s amount of data sent per second5 free View memory conditionTotal used free share
Introduction to File system operations and Disk Management experimentsThe file system operation of this section of the experiment is very simple and contains only a few parameters of several commands, but mastering these will also help you in the process of learning about other courses in Linux and the lab building.
address to the physical address is done by the hardware Device (memory management Unit, MMU). Users generate only logical addresses that must be mapped to physical addresses before they are used. The user program never sees a real physical address.
2. Dynamic Loading and DLL
If the entire program and data of a process must be in physical memory, the size of the process is limited by the size of the physical memory. You can use dynamic loading, and t
Tags: System/OPS LinuxReview the contents of the previous section:1. Scheduled execution of Task commands Crontab–e, crontab–l,crontab–r2. Job: Define a timed task to output Hello World to the/tmp/test.txt file every minuteCrontab–e*/1 * * * * echo ' Hello World ' >>/tmp/test.txtIn this section, let's take a look at file and directory management1. Computer operating system using directory organization files
algorithms are used to request and release a shard.
Optimal adaptive algorithm: select a free memory zone equal to or close to the job requirements for allocation. This method can reduce fragments, but it may also lead to more small fragments that cannot be reused.
Adaptive Algorithm for the first time: Starting from the master memory low address, find the first free zone available (that is, the memory
: freeNote: The difference between caching and buffering--caching is used to speed up the "read" of data from the hard disk, and buffering is used to speed up the data "write" to the hard diskDisplays the system start time and average load, which is the first line of the top command: UptimeView system and kernel related information: uname [options]option:-A To view all relevant information about the
at this point.-L: The system can also use the file system header name (label) to import a row mount, in addition to the device file name (for example,/DEV/HDC6) cookbook. It's best to canceled a unique name for your file system!-O: You can attach some additional parameters after mounting! For example, account number, password, read and Write permissions: RO, rw:
activeSystem to manage unit with target for ease of management systemctl list-unit-files --type=target systemctl list-dependencies multi-user.target //查看指定target下面有哪些unit systemctl get-default //查看系统默认的target systemctl set-default multi-user.target //设置系统默认的targetUnit target Service Three relationships:A service belongs to one type of unitMultiple unit consists of a target,A target contains multiple serviceCat/usr/lib/systemd/
Manager authority is not so heavy, the team member is more independent.3. Organizations that are difficult to measure with KPIs are better suited to OKR, such as research and development, marketing, and other companies ' support departments. And the Manufacturing department, sales department can be linked to orders, sales, profits, etc., they are more suitable for KPIs.Summarize:Okr is a way to help all of the company's staff to maintain a consistent direction, and more effectively to complete
reading and writing test, if the release two times-c-c, will test read and write (Read-write), will be slow ~-L: Can be followed by a header name (label)-j: Originally MKE2FS is EXT2, add-j, will join Journal and become EXT3.7. fsck to check the file system for errors8. Badblocks Check if the hard drive or floppy disk sector has bad track9. Mount,unmount Disk mount and dismountAttention:1) A single file system
status, listening portnetstat -lnp-l lists only the service states that are in Listen (listening)-N refuses to display aliases, showing all numbers converted to numbers-P Displays the program name that establishes the associated linkNETSTAT-LNP |grep + port number or service nameYou can see if a service is started, or you can view the process with PSnetstat -ltnpView Only TCPnetstat -lunpView Only UDPNetstat-an List all port statesIf the server you are administering is a server that provides We
handles data, and how I feel about it, so please disagree.Third, powerful data presentation. This framework is very good, a lot of functions are at the front desk to fix, beginners when a little touch the mind, but has been to single-step debugging system know this way, in the foreground are some Easyui frame JS, carefully distinguish is actually so, all encapsulated, the interface is very beautiful, Can be used in many business systems.The next step
this IP host重启服务:systemctl restart chronydTimedatectl set-timezone Asia/shanghai Change Time zone (no change when zone is consistent)3. Testingchronyc sources -v ---------->使时间同步"^": The table is the service side"*": Indicates that synchronization is complete4.journaljounalctl 查看所有系统日志 -n 3 查看最近三条日志 -p err
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