1,gre, the Generic Routing Encapsulation Protocol, the GRE tunnel is a ip-over-ip tunnel that establishes a virtual point-to-point connection, encapsulates the datagram of some network layer protocols through the tunnel, enabling these encapsulated datagrams to be transmitted in the Ipv4/ipv6 network, in tunnel The two ends of the datagram are encapsulated and packaged separately.To create a
The following log contents appear for each connection failure when Rehl (619 error) occurs when the PPTP VPN server connection is set up to view the system log [Cat/var/log/messages |grep pptpd]:
Gre:read (fd=6,buffer=80504c0,len=8196) from PTY failed:status =-1 Error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpec Ted Termination of PPPD, check option syntax and PPPD logsCtrl:pty Read or GRE write failed (pty,gr
GRE over IPSEC route configuration r1 (0/0) --- r2 -- (1/1) r3 GRE over IPSEC first ipsec solves the problem that ipsec cannot transmit multicast traffic in gre, that is, you can run the Routing Protocol in ipsec, and the protocol is encrypted !! R1: crypto isakmp policy 10 hash md5 authentication pre-encryption crypto isakmp key zaq address 2.3.0.1 !! Crypto ips
In the network, how do we achieve cross-border transmission of a protocol? This requires a concept of protocol encapsulation. The GRE protocol is used to complete the job. Now let's give a detailed explanation of this important agreement.
1. GRE protocol Concept
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GREGeneric Routing Encapsulation) encapsulates packets of certain network layer protocols such as IP and IPX, so tha
The first two posts examine the network architecture of the compute node and the neutron node respectively. This paper analyzes the process of specific network process through some typical process cases.0. EnvironmentWith learning OpenStack (7): Neutron in-depth learning OVS + the environment used in the Neutron node of GRE.Briefly summarize:The Compute node is responsible for the neutron-ovs-agent:
Br-int: Each virtual machine is connected to the OvS Bridge via a Linux Brige
Br-tun
Generic Enapsulation Tunnel is a kind of network tunneling technology, it is called General tunneling technology, it can be used to package the Ethernet, IP, MPLS and other packets in the IP packet to be forwarded in the network, there is a large-scale application.The Linux system natively supports the GRE interface with the following configuration commands:IP tunnel Add gret1 mode GRE remote 45.42.104.183
1. PrefaceKubernetes designed a special network model that deviates from the native Docker network model. In this design, Kubernetes defines an abstract concept: pods, each pod is a collection of containers, and there is a shared IP, and all containers share the same network namespace. Pods can communicate not only with physical machines, but also between containers across the network. Kubernetes's ip-per-pod design idea has many benefits, such as: From port assignment, network, naming, service
: * Force traffic to a specific address * hide private network address * Deliver non-IP packets on IP network * Provides data security supportTunnel Technical BenefitsTunnel protocol has many advantages, for example, in dial-up network, most users accept the dynamic IP address assigned by the ISP, while the enterprise network usually uses security measures such as firewall and NAT to protect its network, and enterprise employees can not access intranet resources through the firewall when they di
"Gre/gmat/lsat long difficult sentence 300 cases explaining scouring" is the GRE Super popular teacher Chen Qi teachers team of another new work, but also "want Your Life 3000" of the newly member, from the previous words, phrases, exercises, to the long difficult sentence level, I believe that after the completion of this book, candidates in the preparation stage will certainly be higher. In addition, the
Description: A company's PC1 network segment 192.168.1.0/24 to and B Company PC2 Network segment 172.16.2.0/24 establish GRE tunnel communicationConfiguration ideas:1, R1 and R2 to be able to communicate--R1 and R2 respectively configure default routes to the ISP2, the new tunnel port, set the IP, the two sides to the same network segment, configure the source is the public network export IP and destination is the other public network export IP3, at t
Affected Systems:
Cisco IOS 12.2
Cisco IOS 12.1
Cisco IOS 12.0
Description:
Cisco Internet OS IOS) is the operating system used by Cisco devices.
Cisco Systems IOS has a vulnerability in parsing GRE packets containing GRE source route information. Remote attackers may cause devices to process packets incorrectly.
If a specially crafted GRE message is received,
Tutorial topology:
Topology analysis:Consists of four routes. The e0/1 ports of R1 and R4 simulate pc1 and pc2R2 and R3 simulate the InternetPurpose:The two ends of the LAN can communicate with each other and can run dynamic routing protocols;Encryption of LAN traffic at both ends;LAN at both ends can access the InternetExperiment Analysis:Use IpSec to encrypt traffic at both endsIf the LAN can run the dynamic routing protocol, GRE must be run on the
1. First, load the kernel module ip_gre.o. the GRE module in the previous versions of kernal is ip_gre.o, and RHEL5 is called ip_gre.ko.
Modprobe-l | grep ip_gre.ko
The above command is to look at this module
Insmode/lib/modules/2.4.20-8/kernel/net/ipv4/ip_gre.ko
The above command loads the ip_gre.ko module.
Note that you need to load it again after each restart or logout.
2. Start the GRE Tunnel
Ip
Reading books together-reading books in PHP and reading books in php
We had to learn about android, and PHP started to read books. Two 500 + books, 45 days not enough, a little busy...
The bloat in the morning is just a music stick. Keep a long memory ........
1. PHP + MY
Some basic concepts of the GRE protocol have been summarized in the previous article. I don't know what you are familiar. Next we will give a simple illustration of the specific application. I hope you will find some benefits.
1. Multi-Protocol backbone network transmission through a single protocol Backbone Network
In the figure, Group1 and Group2 are the networks running Novell IPX, and Term1 and Term2 are the networks running IP addresses.
Tunne
GRE Words RevengeTime limit:20000/10000 MS (java/others) Memory limit:327680/327680 K (java/others)Total submission (s): 1570 Accepted Submission (s): 352Problem Description now Coach Pang are preparing for the graduate Record examinations as George do in 2011. At each day, Coach Pang can: "+w": Learn a Word w "? P": read a paragraph p, and count the number of learnt words. Formally speaking, count the number of substrings of P which is a lear
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