grandstream ata

# Pragma hdrstop # pragma argsused # include HDD. h Typedef struct _ idinfo {ushort wgenconfig; // word 0: Basic Information word ushort wnumcyls; // word 1: Number of cylinders ushort wreserved2; // word 2: retain ushort wnumheads; // word 3: ushort wreserved4; // WORD 4: retain ushort wreserved5; // word 5: retain ushort wnumsectorspertrack; // Word 6: number of sectors per track ushort wvendorunique [3]; // word 7-9: factory value: Char sserialnumber [20]; // word 10-19: Serial Number usho

number is the primary flag, representing the number of slices in the normal IDE hard drive. For example, "2" means that there are 2 platters in the drive. In Seagate's SCSI drive, the primary ID is the speed of the hard drive. The second number is the secondary flag, which is the auxiliary flag for the hard drive. The secondary flag is valid only if the primary flag is the same or invalid. It is generally used to represent the algebra of hard disks, the larger the number of tablesThe higher the

231 H req pioout write sectors without retry 2 32 h req pioout write long with retry 233 H req pioout write long without retry 23ch ide opt pioout write verify 340 h req nondata read verify sectors with retry 141 h req nondata read verify sectors without retry 150 h req vend format Track 27 XH req nondata seek 18 XH ide vendor vend vendor unique 390 h req nondata execute drive diagnostics 191 H req nondata initialize drive parameters 1 92 h opt pioout download microcode94 H e0h ide opt nondata

produced by other manufacturers. For users, hard disk installation is also more convenient. IDE this interface technology from the birth has been constantly developing, performance has been continuously improved, its low-cost, compatible with the characteristics of strong, for its other types of hard disk can not replace the status. Early IDE interfaces have two transport modes, one is PIO (programming I/O) mode and the other is DMA (Direct Memory Access). Although DMA mode system resources ar

improved, its low-cost, compatible with the characteristics of strong, for its other types of hard disk can not replace the status. Early IDE interfaces have two transport modes, one is PIO (programming I/O) mode and the other is DMA (Direct Memory Access). Although DMA mode system resources are low, they require additional drivers or settings and are therefore less acceptable. Later, in the case of higher speed requirements, the DMA mode is more efficient, the operating system starts to suppo

From: http://zhangwenxin82.blog.163.com/blog/static/114595956201071934831530/ I am quite touched by the libata module. The record is as follows. I hope it will be helpful to everyone and further deepen my understanding.Linux: linux-2.6.24.3Note: For personal understanding, improper understanding is inevitable. Please correct your criticism !!!! Everyone knows the driverProgramAfter the SATA controller is initialized and the ata_host struct is initialized, the function is called.Ata_host_acti

Not long ago, my old computer's hard drive broke down and there was a lot of information in it, so it was very depressing. I wanted to recover the hard disk data and asked about the price. I was shocked and decided to learn more about the hard disk restoration technology. You must have a full understanding of the overall physical structure of the hard disk before you have a deep understanding of disk opening data recovery. As an accessory with high precision, the external structure of the hard d

, its low price, compatible with strong characteristics, for which other types of hard disk can not be replaced by the status. The IDE represents a type of hard disk, but in practical applications, people are also accustomed to using the IDE to address the earliest IDE type hard disk ATA-1, this type of interface with the development of interface technology has been eliminated, and then the development of branching out more types of hard disk interfac

can not replace the status. Early IDE interfaces have two transport modes, one is PIO (programming I/O) mode and the other is DMA (Direct Memory Access). Although DMA mode system resources are low, they require additional drivers or settings and are therefore less acceptable. Later, in the case of higher speed requirements, the DMA mode is more efficient, the operating system starts to support directly, and the manufacturer has introduced more and more Fast DMA mode transfer speed standard. St

practical applications, it is also customary to use the IDE to address the earliest IDE type hard disk ATA-1, a type of interface that has been eliminated with the development of interface technology and later branched out into more types of hard disk interfaces, such as ATA, Ultra ATA, Interfaces such as DMA, Ultra DMA, and so on are part of the IDE hard disk.

specific hard disk interface, Their speed difference is also greater. IdeThe IDE's English is all called "Integrated Drive Electronics", or "Electronic integrated Drive", which is meant to be the hard drive that integrates the hard disk controller and the disk body. The integration of the disk and the controller reduces the number and length of cables to the hard drive interface, enhances the reliability of the data transmission, and makes it easier to make the hard drive because the hard drive

PATA is called parallel ATA hard drive, with a four-core power cord and a 80-core data line connected to the motherboard, which transmits data in parallel and in a column (string) transmission. Due to the restriction of parallel transmission, transmission rate is low, PATA hard drive is not needed. Introduction to the same port PATA standard specification was produced in the 80 's in the middle of the last century, Imprimis company launched t

would invest $4.3 billion in cash plus stock to acquire a Hitachi wholly owned subsidiary, Hitachi Global Storage Technology (HGST), a world-class hard drive manufacturer. Hard Disk Interface Ata Full name Advanced Technology attachment, is the traditional 40-pin with the port data cable to connect the motherboard and hard disk, the maximum external interface speed for the 133mb/s, because of the interference and the line is too poor, and line spa

id1 is % d \ n", CommFd ); WriteCom (CommFd, "AT + CGDCONT = 1, \" IP \ ", \" uk.lebara.mobi \ ", 0, 0 \ r "); Sleep (1 ); WriteCom (CommFd, "AT + CFUN = 1 \ r "); Sleep (1 ); Sleep (1 ); WriteCom (CommFd, "AT + cmscurl? \ R "); Sleep (1 ); Sleep (1 ); Flg1: WriteCom (CommFd, "AT + NETCLOSE \ r "); Sleep (1 ); Sleep (1 ); Sleep (1 ); Sleep (1 ); WriteCom (CommFd, "AT + NETOPEN = \" TCP \ ", 80, 0 \ r "); Sleep (1 ); Sleep (1 ); Sleep (1 ); Sleep (1 ); WriteCom (CommFd, "

want the drive to vibrate during operation,The computer's vibrating magnetic arm can also vibrate, and the head may touch the track,And the disc has been spinning, it is possible to scrape the disc.We want the hard drive to maintain a stable working state.The hard disk is actually a mechanical device, only a minute to turn 10,000 rpm,While Pathfinding is a mechanical work, the main time to fetch data from a hard drive is spent on seeking the road.Read data consumption time from hard disk: Maxim

is called an SDP message.The problem is that the SIP terminal (UA) may not know anything about Nat. Therefore, IP addresses contained in SDP usually use internal IP addresses, that is, IP addresses known by the SIP terminal. In this way, when the communication peer wants to communicate with the SIP terminal, it will view the IP address in the SDP message, but nothing will be obtained, because the internal IP address is used here.The following is an example.Invite SIP: 040600@192.168.20.2: 5060

also said that ilbc has excellent performance in the presence of background noise, comparable to the channel without packet lossG.729.e. Implementation Scheme At present, several VoIP devices and application manufacturers have integrated ilbc in their own products. Below we list some companies that have selected ilbc for their own commercial products: Application/software Phone: Skype, Nortel, WebEx, hotsip, marratech, gatelease, K-phone, xten; IP Phone: Worldgate,

Block device drivers for flash memory devices The first version of Windows CE was used solely on platforms with battery-backed Ram storage with a simple file system to manage the storage. however, Windows CE versions 2.10 and later are often used on embedded systems that require persistent storage and cannot depend on battery-backed Ram storage. as a solution Windows CE can use flash memory, which is the industry standard for nonvolatile storage in embedded applications. The two leading

% /home/dev/sda3 9.7G 1.3G 7.9G 15% /usr/dev/sda2 9.7G 198M 9.0G 3% /var/dev/sda1 99M 17M 77M 18% /boot Method 1: [root@www.ctohome.com]# hdparm -i /dev/sda/dev/sda: Model=SAMSUNG HE253GJ , FwRev=1AJ30001, SerialNo= S2B5J90ZC12060 Config={ Fixed } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=16384kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=?16? CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAse

9.7G 1.3G 7.9G 15% /usr/dev/sda2 9.7G 198M 9.0G 3% /var/dev/sda1 99M 17M 77M 18% /bootMethod 1:[root@www.ctohome.com]# hdparm -i /dev/sda/dev/sda: Model=SAMSUNG HE253GJ , FwRev=1AJ30001, SerialNo= S2B5J90ZC12060 Config={ Fixed } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=16384kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=?16? CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=268435455 IORD