Question: Why is transaction introduced?
1>.Data Integrity
2>.Data security
3>.Make full use of system resources to improve the system's concurrent processing capability
1.Transaction Features
Transactions have four features: Atomiocity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.
1.1Atomicity
A transaction is the logical unit of work of a database. All operations in a transaction are either done or not done.
1.2Consistency
The result of transaction execution must be that the database changes from a
. NET synchronous and asynchronous atomic operations and spin locks (Interlocked, SpinLock) (9), cinterlockedlock
This additional link:. NET synchronization and Asynchronization lock (ReaderWriterLockSlim) (8)
As mentioned above, although locking can effectively solve the competition conditions, it also has a negative impact: performance. Is there a better solution? Yes. Atomic operations, that is, Interlocked.
1. Let's first look at a counting atomi
MySQLInnoDB transaction and lock details bitsCN.com
Question: Why is transaction introduced?
1>.Data integrity
2>.Data security
3>.Make full use of system resources to improve the system's concurrent processing capability
1.Transaction features
Transactions have four features: Atomiocity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.
1.1Atomicity
A transaction is the logical unit of work of a database. all operations in a transaction are either done or not done.
1.2Consistency
The result of transactio
The name of the POSIX library uses for a lock are a mutex, as it is used to provide mutualExclusion between threads, i.e., if one thread is on the critical section, it excludes the othersFrom entering until it had completed the section. Thus, when you see the following POSIXThreads code, you should understand that it's doing the same thing as above (we again useWrappers that check for errors upon lock and unlock):pthread_mutex_t lock = pthread_mutex_inititalized;Pthread_mutex_lock (lock);Balance
Original: 16th-handling locks, blockages, and deadlocks (2)-detect blocking and blocking queriesObjective:If a transaction is waiting for some resources to lock on other transactions. This transaction becomes a "blocked transaction". In turn, the transaction that caused the blocking, that is, the lock resource and cause other transactions to wait is called a "blocking transaction."Long-running transactions block other transactions and queries, leaving
Lock is used to manage concurrent access to shared resources.Submit it if necessary, not in advance.Lock problem:1. Missing updates
Session1
Session2
(1) Querying a row of data
(2) Querying the same row of data
(3) Update the line and submit
(4) Update the line and submit
This process is known as missing updates
Because (3) all of the changes made will be lost
2. Locking strategy: Pe
1. In the case of multithreading, the use of locks becomes very important, and once a thread obtains the lock, other threads must wait.@synchronized Mutex: The Objective-c object can only be locked, and exception handling code is implicitly added, which is when an exception occursAutomatic release of mutex, so there will be some performance lossDispatch_async (Dispatch_get_global_queue (0,0), ^{@synchronized (_mylockobj) {
Reentrantreadwritelock-based AQS implementation of read-write lock synchronization:1. Using the shared mode to achieve read lock, exclusive mode to achieve write lock;2. Support for fair and non-fair, non-fair situations where a read lock blocking write lock scenario may occur;3. Write lock block write lock and read lock, read lock block write lock;4. Write lock can be downgraded to read lock, read lock cannot be upgraded to write lock, only first release and then lock;5. Write lock support cond
Types of TM Locks:TM locks are mutually exclusive relationships of several modes:BlockingDefined:Blocking occurs when one session keeps a lock on the resource that another session is requesting. The blocked session is suspended until the session holding the lock discards the locked resource. 4 common DML statements can cause blockingINSERTUPDATEDELETESELECT ... For UPDATE——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Blocking test for U
noreverse to re-create the reverse key index as the standard index, but you cannot re-create the Standard Index as the reverse key index.Alter index rev_index rebuild noreverse;
2.4 bitmap index:The data volume in the table is large, but the unique value of the table is small. Bitmap indexes use bitmaps for each key value instead of the rowid list.Create bitmap index bit_emp on EMP (sex );
2.5. index the Organizational table
2.6 function-based indexes
2.7. partitions in the Index
Iii.
Recommendation 89: Use locks sparingly in the parallel method bodyIn addition to the occasions mentioned in recommendation 88, it is also prudent to use parallelism in situations where it is necessary to run synchronously, or for a longer time to lock down shared resources.When synchronizing the integer data, you can use the Add method of the static class interlocked, which greatly avoids the synchronization performance loss caused by the atomic opera
did not notify me ). Even if the update/delete table is locked, it cannot be queried. Therefore, it is estimated that the index is occupied by an exclusive lock and not released. Starting from this point, I soon focused on a database index reorganization Job running at every morning. However, I couldn't find any clue about the program logic of the Job, because the program logic will not cause problems.Then, wait for another day and remotely connect to the customer's database server in case of a
Content • Software environment• A simple demonstration of Row-level locks caused by concurrent Oracle databasesThis article briefly demonstrates the row-level locks caused by concurrent Table Primary keys. More than two concurrent users modify the same data (including insert, delete, and modify ). The lock is generated because of concurrency. There is no lock if there is no concurrency. Concurrency is gener
In iOS development, nslock is commonly used to achieve simple mutual exclusion. Nslock operations include lock, unlock, trylock, and lockbeforedate. Therefore, the so-called lock and unlock are simple thread locks. trylock and lockbeforedate are two methods implemented by IOS without blocking threads.
Trylock does not block the thread. If the lock fails, no is returned;
Lockbeforedate is used to determine when to unlock the data.
The nsrecurisvel
When we suspect that there may be highly competing resources and want to know how many locks these objects occupy. Once you identify the objects with the highest lock frequency, you can take some measures to optimize access to the competing objects. Using SQL Server extended events can help us obtain the lock resources used by objects.
-- Delete lockcounts Event session first
If exists (select *From SYS. server_event_sessionswherename = 'lockcounts '
SEM isSleep lock.If a task tries to obtain an held semaphore, the semaphore will push it into the waiting queue and then sleep it. In this case, the processor is free to execute other code. When the process holding the semaphore releases the semaphore, a task in the waiting queue will be awakened to obtain the semaphore. Semaphores are generally in the context of processes. They are used to prevent multiple processes from simultaneously accessing a shared resource (critical section ).
Spin_lock
Talking about high concurrency (11) implementation of several spin locks (5) provides the lock and unlock implementations for time-limited bounded queue locks. This article provides the implementation of trylock.
Trylock is a little more complex than lock. It must handle timeout. Timeout may occur in the following situations:
1. The first step is to wait for the queue to time out when the node has not yet
Lock as a tool for concurrent shared data, ensuring consistency, there are many implementations in the Java platform (such as synchronized and Reentrantlock, etc.). These locks have been written to provide convenience for our development, but the specific nature and type of the lock are rarely mentioned. This series of articles will analyze common lock names and features in Java to help you answer questions.1. Spin LockA spin lock is implemented in a
In learning Java multithreading this piece of knowledge, encountered a lot of questions about when the thread lock release, now summarizes several release locks and do not release the lock operation is as follows:Do not release locks:
When a thread executes a synchronous code block or synchronous method, the program calls Thread.Sleep (Long L), Thread.yield () method to suspend execution of the curren
Read-write locks are managed with ReaderWriterLockSlim objects as lock management resources, and locking of the same file in different ReaderWriterLockSlim objects is also treated as a different lock. This discrepancy may again cause concurrent write problems for the file, so ReaderWriterLockSlim should be defined as a read-only static object.Multi-threaded simultaneous writing to filesclassProgram {Static intWritecount =0; Static intWrongcount =0; St
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