hdlc

Network Protocol Application Layer DHCP · DNS · FTP · gopher · HTTP · IMAP4 · IRC · NNTP · XMPP · POP3 · sip · SMTP · SNMP · SSH · Telnet · RPC · RTCP · RTP · RTSP · SDP · soap · gtp-stun · NTP · SSDP · More Transport Layer TCP · UDP · TLS · DCCP · sctp · RSVP · PPTP · More Network Layer IP (IPv4 · IPv6 )· ICMP · ICMPv6 · IGMP · rip · OSPF · BGP · Is-Is · IPSec · More Data Link Layer Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) · WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) · ARP · RARP · ATM · DTM · licensi

Because the compression protocol for grouping data in the TETRA standard is v.42 bis, students can find Code. After searching for half a day, the students only found the LZW Code but not v.42bis. Although there were few differences between the two, they were still different, so they had to find them by themselves. In fact, it is easy to find out. on Google codesearch, enter v42bis. I found a file in the spandsp library, which is clearly written and has complete annotations. Spandsp is a signal

Soap GTP Stun NTP SSDP Presentation Layer Http/html FTP Telnet ASN.1 (with presentation layer capability) Session Layer ADSP ASP h.245 ISO-SP iSNS NetBIOS Pap RPCRTCP SMPP SCP SSH Zip SDP (with session layer capability) Transport Layer TCP UDP TLS DCCP SCTP RSVP PPTP Network layer IP (IPv4 IPV6) · ICMP ICMPv6 IGMP Is-is IPSec BGP RIP OSPF ARP RARP Data Link Layer Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) · WiMAX (IEEE 802.

detection, retransmission control and inquiries and other operations. The data communication protocol is divided into two categories: a class of communication control protocol called BASIC, used for data transmission based on character, such as BSC Protocol (binary Synchronous Synchronous Communication Protocol), and another class called Advanced Key-Path control protocol, which is used for data transmission with bits as the basic unit. such as HDLC

First look at the chart below to try to show the location of different TCP/IP and other protocols in the original OSI model 7 Application Layer such as HTTP, SMTP, SNMP, FTP, Telnet, SIP, SSH, NFS, RTSP, XMPP, Whois, ENRP 6 Presentation Layer such as XDR, ASN.1, SMB, AFP, NCP 5 Session Layer for example ASAP, TLS, SSH, ISO 8327/ccitt x.225, RPC, NetBIOS, ASP, Winsock, B SD sockets

using a Web browser, and the Web server sends the requested information to the client.The following diagram attempts to show the location of the different TCP/IP and other protocols in the original OSI model: 7 Application Layer such as HTTP, SMTP, SNMP, FTP, Telnet, SIP, SSH, NFS, RTSP, XMPP, Whois, ENRP 6 Presentation Layer such as XDR, ASN.1, SMB, AFP, NCP 5 Session Layer For example ASAP, TLS, SSH, ISO 8327/ccitt x.

using a Web browser, and the Web server sends the requested information to the client.The following diagram attempts to show the location of the different TCP/IP and other protocols in the original OSI model: 7 Application Layer such as HTTP, SMTP, SNMP, FTP, Telnet, SIP, SSH, NFS, RTSP, XMPP, Whois, ENRP 6 Presentation Layer such as XDR, ASN.1, SMB, AFP, NCP 5 Session Layer For example ASAP, TLS, SSH, ISO 8327/ccitt x.

data transfer process does not execute this algorithm, only view the routing table. This concept is also important and requires understanding of commonly used routing algorithms. And the whole TCP protocol is more complex, and the link layer protocol is somewhat similar, there are some important mechanisms or concepts need to be carefully understood, such as number and confirmation, flow control, resend mechanism, send acceptance window. NBSP;TCP/IP basic models and concepts physical layer dev

and continues to pass the following address. In the above procedure, you can see that there is a routing table query process, and the establishment of this routing table depends on the routing algorithm. That is, the routing algorithm is actually used only to update the maintenance routing table between routers, the real data transfer process does not execute this algorithm, only view the routing table. This concept is also important and requires understanding of commonly used routing algorithm

using a Web browser, and the Web server sends the requested information to the client.The following diagram attempts to show the location of the different TCP/IP and other protocols in the original OSI model: 7 Application Layer such as HTTP, SMTP, SNMP, FTP, Telnet, SIP, SSH, NFS, RTSP, XMPP, Whois, ENRP 6 Presentation Layer such as XDR, ASN.1, SMB, AFP, NCP 5 Session Layer For example ASAP, TLS, SSH, ISO 8327/ccitt x.

using a Web browser, and the Web server sends the requested information to the client.The following diagram attempts to show the location of the different TCP/IP and other protocols in the original OSI model: 7 Application Layer such as HTTP, SMTP, SNMP, FTP, Telnet, SIP, SSH, NFS, RTSP, XMPP, Whois, ENRP 6 Presentation Layer such as XDR, ASN.1, SMB, AFP, NCP 5 Session Layer For example ASAP, TLS, SSH, ISO 8327/ccitt x.

-499, v.35, v.24, RJ45, Ethernet, 802.3, 802.5, FDDI, NRZI, NRZ, B8zsData Link layer: Frame Relay, HDLC, PPP, IEEE 802.3/802.2, FDDI, ATM, IEEE 802.5/802.2Network layer: IP, IPX, AppleTalk DDPTransport layer: TCP, UDP, SPXSession layer: RPC, SQL, NFS, NetBIOS, names, AppleTalk, ASP, DECnet, SCPPresentation tiers: TIFF, GIF, JPEG, PICT, ASCII, EBCDIC, encryption, MPEG, MIDI, HTMLApplication layer: FTP, WWW, Telnet, NFS, SMTP, Gateway, SNMPAgreementA pr

such as network cards belong to this layer.Data Link layer: encapsulates the bit stream data received by the physical layer into frames. To provide reliable data transmission services, to achieve error-prone data transmission, in the data link layer in the unit frame frames, belonging to the definition of this layer has SDLC,HDLC,PPP,STP, frame relay, etc., the actual use of devices such as switch switch belongs to this layer.Network layer: The netwo

addressing, data framing, flow control, data error checking, re-sending, etc. In this layer, the units of the data are called frames. 2.2 The main protocol of Data link layer the Data Link layer protocol is made for consistency among the peer entities, and also to successfully complete the service to the network layer. The Data Link layer protocol includes: SDLC, HDLC, PPP, STP, Frame Relay, and so on. The generation of network layer of network laye

the physical layer has problems or validation errors, the state of the physical layer can be obtained from the query information in the show in S n command, the serial port should be up when the physical layer is normal, and whether there are many wrong frames, if many of the wrong frames also indicate that there is a problem with the physical layer, Although the serial port hint is up. If the problem with the physical layer is not clear, you need to check that the validation is correct, for ex

DESCRIPTION:PRI-T1 NET to Zippy (4K) to Pac-bell Internet address is 10.1.1.1/27 MTU 4470 bytes, BW 1000 kbit, DLY 40000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, KeepAlive set (3 sec) Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:23:09 Queueing Strategy:fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; Input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 1 packets/sec 5

IP address Router (config-if) # IP address 202.112.7.249 255.255.255.252 18, the opening and closing of the interface Router (config-if) # shutdown/no shutdown 19. Do not act as ARP agent Router (config-if) # Duplex ful l# no IP directed-broadcast # no IP proxy-arp 20. Configure Asynchronous Serial Interface Router (config) # interface A1 Router (config-if) # IP unnumbered ethernet0 Router (CONFIG-IF) # Encapsulation PPP Router (config-if) # async Default IP address 202.112.7.129 R

IP addresses are public addresses and private addresses, which are the responsibility of inic (Internet Network Information Center), which is assigned to the organization that registered and filed an application with Inic. Access to the Internet.private address is non-registered addresses, specifically for the internal use of the organization, private IP address is not directly used to communicate with the WAN, or use frames to communicate (Fre Frame Relay,