I. HDLC HDLC is the default protocol used by CISCO routers. You do not need to set the WAN protocol when using a new router in the HDLC environment.1. Related commandsPort SettingsSet HDLC encapsulation hdlcSet DCE line speedClockrate speed
2. Example Router1:Interface Serial0-- Ip address 192.200.10.1 255.255.255.0--
vro, and the entire transfer process takes about 8 minutes and a half. After the configuration is completed, a message is displayed. The system writes the received VRP software to Flash Memory to overwrite the original system. The upgrade is completed, and the system prompts you to change the configuration to the baud rate of the Super Terminal:Restore the terminal's speed to 9600 bps.Press ENTER key when ready.
After the modification, remember to perform the disconnection and connection operat
The 7th chapter deals with serial line and Frame Relay connection failuresI. Handling serial LINE faults1. HDLC EncapsulationHigh-level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a encapsulation method for a serial link, and HDLC is the default encapsulation method for the Cisco router serial interface.The first step in dealing with a serial link failure is to look at both ends
Chapter 4 Data Link Control
Data Link Control Protocol
Traffic Control
Adjust the data stream transmission rate to prevent cache Overflow
Error Detection
Error Control
Re-transmission of damaged Frames
Advanced Data Link Control (HDLC)
Chapter 4 Data Link Control
Data Link Control
Provides data exchange control and management measures
Requirements and objectives of Data Link Control:
Frame Synchronization
It is sent and recei
PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) workflow and features PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) workflow: when a user dials an ISP, the modem of the router confirms the dial and a physical connection occurs. The PC sends a series of LCP groups (encapsulated into multiple PPP frames) to the router ). These groups and their responses select some PPP parameters and work with the network layer. NCP assigns a temporary IP address to the newly accessed PC so that the PC machine becomes a host on the Internet. When
is completed, and the system prompts you to change the configuration to the baud rate of the Super Terminal: restore the terminal's speed to 9600 bps, Press ENTER key when ready. After the modification, remember to perform the disconnection and connection operations on the Super Terminal to make the new attributes take effect. Then, the vro software starts to start. Use the show ver command to view the corresponding version information.
Ii. Differences in default link layer encapsulation (mainl
1 OverviewThe central control unit of an ATM switch is the control and command center of the entire switch. The Network Management proxy and maintenance terminal manages and maintains the ATM switch through this unit, each Service Board collects and reports data through this Unit. In addition, the core part of the ATM switching software-the signaling software includes user-to-network signaling and network-to-network signaling, I .e., UNI/NNI signaling) will run on the hardware of the central con
complete, system prompts to change back to the HyperTerminal baud rate:
Restore The terminal ' s speed to 9600 bps.
Press ENTER key when ready.
Remember to perform a HyperTerminal disconnect and connect operation to make the new properties work, then the router software starts, and the show ver command will see the appropriate version information.
Here's what you should be aware of when interacting with Cisco:
Second, the difference in the default link layer package (mainly for DDN configu
that the vro is in the waiting to receive file status. You can select the file "send" function of the Super Terminal, select the corresponding VRP software file name, and select Xmodem for the communication protocol, then the Super Terminal automatically sends the file to the vro, and the entire transfer process takes about 8 minutes and a half. After the configuration is completed, a message is displayed. The system writes the received VRP software to Flash Memory to overwrite the original sys
connecting with CISCO.
Ii. Differences in default link layer encapsulation (mainly used for DDN configuration)
1. in the configuration of Huawei VRP1.0 and earlier versions, the default link layer Encapsulation Format of CISCO is HDLC, while that of Huawei router is PPP, you need to change the encapsulation Format of the CISCO router to the PPP format, that is, use the command: encapsulation PPP.
2. The HDLC
the system prompts you to change the configuration to the baud rate of the Super Terminal:
Restore the terminal's speed to 9600 bps.
Press ENTER key when ready.
After the modification, remember to perform the disconnection and connection operations on the Super Terminal to make the new attributes take effect. Then, the vro software starts to start. Use the show ver command to view the corresponding version information.
Note the following when connecting with CISCO:
2. Differences in the default
prompts you to change the configuration to the baud rate of the Super Terminal:Restore the terminal's speed to 9600 bps.Press ENTER key when ready.After the modification, remember to perform the disconnection and connection operations on the Super Terminal to make the new attributes take effect. Then, the vro software starts to start. Use the show ver command to view the corresponding version information.Note the following when connecting with CISCO:2. Differences in the default link layer enca
, ISDN, and FR:PPP is a layer-2 protocol that solves point-to-point communication;CDP is on the top of Layer 2 and can be supported by NCP;The basic functions of HDLC are similar to those of PPP, but many things (such as authentication) are missing );Generally, PPP is encapsulated on the serial port, and logical interfaces (such as PPPoE) must be enabled on the Ethernet port );The default Encapsulation Format of Cisco is
The WAN protocol is relative to the LAN protocol, and the Internet can be identified as a wide area network. Then the relevant agreement is well understood. is inseparable from the OSI model. Here are a few typical protocols. To everyone as a reference. The WAN Protocol is a three-tier operation at the bottom of the OSI Reference Model, which defines communication on different WAN media. Mainly used for wide area network communication protocols, such as: Advanced Data Link Control Protocol, P
The two PPP authentication protocols (PAP and CHAP) for vroppp setting networking have just completed a test of Dual-router plug-in to the serial port module today, it is used to gain a deeper understanding of the differences between the two PPP authentication protocols PAP and CHAP. 1. First, build a network environment. There are two routers in total, plug in the serial port module respectively, and connect them using s0/0. 2. Configure an IP address, 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.1.2. Enable these
The ilogger interface in the SDK provides the general record function for the aee layer. There are three main implementations. The application author creates an ilogger instance by using the next classid:
-Aeeclsid_logger_file: Send a log entry to the file;
-Aeeclsid_logger_serial sends log entries to the serial port;
-Aeeclsid_logger_win sends a log entry to the brew simulator output window.
Both file implementation and serial record implementation output data to their respective output media i
Data Communication System control procedure ". this is a character-oriented standard that uses 10 control characters to establish, remove, and exchange links. these characters are also used to send and receive frames and restore errors. multiple link control and data transmission modes can be formed through the use of ISO1155, ISO1177, ISO2626, ISO2629 and other standards.2.2.2ISO3309 -- 1984: "HDLC Frame Structure ". ISO4335--1984: known as "
To master a protocol, we need to understand it based on it. Here we will analyze the content of the PPP protocol. First, let's take a look at the overview of the PPP protocol. Currently, most analog dial-up connections use PPP as the data link protocol, which has the following features:
Error Detection
Automatically negotiate network layer addresses
CHAP or PAP Authentication
Data Compression
Meets ISO standards
PPP and the serial line Internet Protocol SLIP) are often confusing. SLIP only suppo
) WAN technology overview operations are mainly concentrated at Layer 1, 2, and 3. Leased Line 2. The CN23 layer (ipsec) WAN Access Method is wireless, traditional wired ADSL, coaxial cable (TV signal conversion network digital), and Ethernet Access VPN: is the connection advantage between multiple private networks on the public network: low cost, good scalability, and compatibility with broadband technology connections in a variety of ways: IPsec, GRE, mpls vpn, l2VPN $ ########################
Read a table before introduction!
What is the relationship between the L2 link and the OSPF network type?In fact, the relationship between the two networks can be larger. The OSPF network type should be selected based on the type of the L2 link, and the two applications match, that is, when the OSPF network type supports multicast, if the L2 link does not support multicast, problems may occur. For example, when the two routers use a PPP or HDLC link,
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