Through understanding the computer network, its layer-7 structure has different protocols to regulate. Based on the network type, we can divide these protocols into LAN protocols and generalized network protocols. Now let's talk about what protocols are included in the broad network protocol.
Broad network protocol
Wan protocol is a layer-3 operation at the bottom of the OSI reference model, which defines the communication on different WAN media. There are many communication protocols, such as a
Introduced is the POS link can not open the solution, the reason is C2 byte mismatch, here to Huawei router for the networking environment.
First, the network environment
Router A has a GE interface and a 2.5G POS interface that connects to other routers, and after starting router A, the GE port status is turned on normally, but 2.5G POS ports cannot be opened.
1, the POS interface configuration is as follows:
Interface pos7/0/0
Undo Shutdown
Link-protocol
Configuration of high-level Link Control HDLCProcedure:Enter the global configuration status config termEnter port configuration Status interface serial slot/positionSet the HDLC Frame Type encapsulation hdlcSet IP addresses and Their subnet masksIp address ip-address netmaskIf the current port is connected to the DCE cable, set the clock clockrate clock-rateConfiguration example: the IP address of vroa A is 132.4.2.2, And the IP address of vrob B is
character will be set for each function extension. Since there are some other shortcomings, it is necessary to design a new link control rule instead of the character-oriented rule.Data Link Control protocol is divided into character-oriented protocol and bit-oriented protocol. The character-oriented protocol uses characters as the basic unit of transmission, with 10 special characters to control the transmission process. Bit-oriented protocol is a basic unit of transmission, and its transmissi
serviceInformal supplementary service at + cusd Informal Value-added ServiceSelect whether the user at + ccug is in the confidential statusCarrier select at + cbst select data transmission typeSelect at + fclass to send data or faxService Report control whether at + CR reports to provide servicesResult code at + CRC report different result codes (transmission mode, voice or data)Whether the device rate report at + ilrr reports the current transmission rateProtocol parameters at + crlp set wirel
The ilogger interface in the SDK provides the general record function for the aee layer. There are three main implementations. The application author creates an ilogger instance by using the next classid:
-Aeeclsid_logger_file: Send a log entry to the file;
-Aeeclsid_logger_serial sends log entries to the serial port;
-Aeeclsid_logger_win sends a log entry to the brew simulator output window.
Both file implementation and serial record implementation output data to their respective output media i
. SDH's high market share and the huge value-added potential of the metropolitan area Network make SDH advocates effort, on the basis of the original SDH to add to the data business layer processing, such as Ethernet two layer processing, ATM statistical multiplexing and other functions, make it more suitable for the transmission of data services.
For Ethernet business, it needs to undergo processing before mapping to VC: Two-layer exchange, Protocol encapsulation, mapping pretreatment, etc.
T
on it. Because this level is not defined, its specific implementation will vary depending on the type of network. Ethernet is the most common form of the data link layer in IP communication, in addition to the PPP, HDLC and other 10gbit/s below the Ethernet is generally applied to the LAN, and PPP, HDLC is used in the majority of the WAN.(2) Network layer: Commonly known as the IP layer, it handles communi
In the current era of rapid development of the network, routers have a pivotal role. Because the router acts as the relay system in the network layer, it provides a routing and forwarding function of the data between the third layer network. Therefore, the router's function, role and basic configuration are as members of IT industry we must be proficient.
Below, we will make a brief analysis of the router from two aspects: that is how to build a simple network environment in the experiment, and
debugging starts, and then clears the ARP cache, resulting in ARP requests and responses. First, we use the command to erase all ARP caches on the Cisco router, so every LAN segment connected by Cisco routers will generate ARP messages. Because we do not need to generate too many ARP packets, the selected Cisco router is connected to only one Ethernet segment.
(2) Display IP RIP debugging
At the start of debugging, the Cisco router table is not emptied because the router automatically makes
There are a lot of users using Cisco routers, So I studied the global debugging of Cisco routers and shared it with you here. I hope it will be useful to you. When configuring a Cisco router, the boundaries between global and interface commands are obvious. In this case, we use "Global" to identify commands that cannot be used for interface debugging or specific transmission media types and Protocol debugging.
For example, in the 2500 series Cisco routers, you can use Debugging commands to analy
MP-Group in short sequence mode and MP-Group in long sequence mode. When one end is configured as short sequence mode and the other end is not configured, both ends will negotiate, the negotiation result is a long sequence. The sequence characters in the packet header are used to represent the sequence of the multipart packets. Www.2cto.com 4. When the HDLC protocol is used for interconnection, the ping packet between the two ends of the MTU is sent.
Protocol. The PPP protocol combines multiple ISDN channels to provide bandwidth larger than 64 Kbps.3. Cisco 800 SeriesThe 800 series has many new features than the 700 series, mainly reflected in the security options and supported interface types. In addition to the ISDN and Ethernet LAN connections provided by the 700 series, a serial port is also provided. This serial port connects vrouters Of the 800 series to the leased line and uses advanced Data Link Control (
This article describes in detail how to configure a Huawei router. What operations do you need? What functions do these commands implement? The following article will give you a detailed answer.
Huawei router configuration
En enters privileged ModeConf enters global configuration modeIn s0 Enter serial 0 port configurationIp add xxx. xxx add the ip address and mask, and assignEnca hdlc/ppp bundled link protocol hd
En enters privileged ModeConf enters global configuration modeIn s0 Enter serial 0 port configurationIp add xxx. xxx add the ip address and mask, and assignEnca hdlc/ppp bundled link protocol hdlc or pppIp unn e0Exit to global configuration modeIn e0 enters the Ethernet Interface ConfigurationIp add xxx. xxx add the ip address and mask, and assignExit to global configuration modeIp route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s 0
special mode for data or fax operations.3. At + Cr Service Report control. This command allows more detailed service reports.4. Results of at + CRC DivisionCode. This command allows more detailed ringtone instructions when the call arrives.5. At + ilrr local DTE-DCE rate report.6. At + crlp radio communication line protocol parameters.7. At + dopt other radio communication line parameters.8. Select at % C for data compression.9. Whether at + DS allows v42 dual-level data compression.10. Whether
more detailed ringtone indication when the call arrives.5. AT+ILRR local DTE-DCE rate report.6. AT+CRLP Radio Communication Line protocol parameters.7. at+dopt other radio communication line parameters.8. At%c data compression selection.9. At+ds whether to allow V42 two degree data compression.10. At+dr whether to report V42 two degree data compression.11. at/n Data correction options.Nine. Fax command1. AT+FTM transfer rate.2. AT+FRM Receive rate3. At+fth sets the fax transfer rate with the
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