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Translated from: http://www.metro-hs.ac.jp/rs/sinohara/zahyou_rot/zahyou_rotate.htmTranslation: Tang YongkangSource: Http://blog.csdn.net/tangyongkangPlease specify the source1 rotation around the origin pointFor example, in 2-D coordinates, there is a point P (x, y), a linear opの length of R, and a straight angle between the linear op and the x-axis. The line op rotates in a counterclockwise direction around the origin, reaching P ' (s,t)s = R cos (A
1. Fill in the blanks(1) $\frac12 F ' (X_0) $To make $x =x_0+ \delta x$, the\[\mbox{native}=\lim_{\delta x\to 0}\frac{F (x_0 +\frac{\delta x}{2})-F (x_0)} {\delta X}=\frac12\lim_{\delta x\to 0}\frac{F (x_0 +\frac{\delta x}{2})-F (x_0)} {\frac{\delta x}{2}}=\frac12 F ' (X_0).\]If not strictly utilized on $x $ Rockwell can be seen more intuitively\[\mbox{Native}=\lim_{x\to X_0}\frac{\frac12 F ' (\frac{x+x_0}{2})} {1}=\frac12 F ' (X_0).\](2)-4Because\[\frac{2}{x^3} f ' (\frac{1}{x^2}) =\frac1x,\]So
1. Fill in the blanks(1) $\frac12 F ' (X_0) $To make $x =x_0+ \delta x$, the\[\mbox{native}=\lim_{\delta x\to 0}\frac{F (x_0 +\frac{\delta x}{2})-F (x_0)} {\delta X}=\frac12\lim_{\delta x\to 0}\frac{F (x_0 +\frac{\delta x}{2})-F (x_0)} {\frac{\delta x}{2}}=\frac12 F ' (X_0).\]If not strictly utilized on $x $ Rockwell can be seen more intuitively\[\mbox{Native}=\lim_{x\to X_0}\frac{\frac12 F ' (\frac{x+x_0}{2})} {1}=\frac12 F ' (X_0).\](2)-4Because\[\frac{2}{x^3} f ' (\frac{1}{x^2}) =\frac1x,\]So
the angle is 90 degree, which means a right angle is formed and the direction is completely different. If the angle is 180 degree, meaning the opposite direction. Therefore, we can determine the similarity of vectors by the angle. The smaller the angle, the more similar .
Another junior high school knowledge: cosine theorem(It should be junior high school)
Assume thatAVector is[X1, Y1].BVector is[X2, y2]
Then we can change the cosine theorem to the following form.
Direct and indirect illumination
Our current task is to add indirect light on the basis of direct light and shadow, that is to say, we need to add other surface reflection light to our current vertex/pixel illumination. We can use the same method as path raytrace. First, our rendering formula is divided into two parts: Direct Illumination and indirect illumination.
L = l1 + L2= L1 + hybrid BRDF * l (X1) * cos θ * V * D ω
L1 indicates Direct Il
ABS ()
Seek absolute value
ACOs ()
Seeking the inverse cosine
ASIN ()
Ask for the inverse of the string
Atan ()
Ask for anyway cut
ATAN2 ()
To find the tangent, to determine the quadrant by symbol
Ceil ()
Minimum integer (for upper bound) not less than a value
cos ()
Find cosine
Cosh ()
Find hyperbolic cosine
) To change the color, add the relevant string to the following tag pairs:X=0:0.01:10;Plot (X,sin (x), ' R ')4) To change both the color and the Linetype state (line style), you can also add the relevant strings to the coordinate pairs:Plot (X,sin (x), ' r* ')5) Use Axis ([Xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax]) function to adjust the range of the axisAxis ([0,6,-1.5,1])6) Matlab can also add various annotations and processing of graphics: (see table above)Xlabel (' x-axis '); % x Axis annotationsYlabel (' Y axis
be represented by a single matrix.
The three axes of the coordinate system, X, Y, z, x and y, respectively, are rotation axes, and the points are actually only two-dimensional rotations on the vertical axis. The three-dimensional rotation transformation matrix can be directly introduced with the two-dimension rotation formula. In the right-hand coordinate system, the positive direction of the object rotation is the right-hand helix direction, that is, from the positive half-axis of the axis to
transformations, it is necessary to use transform: matrix(a,b,c,d,e,f) this transformation matrix. The 6 variables here make up a 3-medium transformation matrix.
The translation, rotation, and scaling transformations of any point P (x, y) and their various combinations can be achieved through this transformation matrix:
Note: Here we use homogeneous coordinates to express a point. Simply put, p (x, y) is expressed as P ' (x ', y ', 1)
Translation matrix
V (x, y) pans the TX along the x-axis, tr
Public Sub dorotate (Optional ByVal rotaryangle as Long = 0) ' Rotation at any angleDim Sdib as New CdibDim sbits () as RgbquadDim dbits () as RgbquadDim Stsa as Safearray2dDim DtSA as Safearray2dDim Lev as LongDim Wgt as LongDim x as LongDim y as LongDim Neww as Long, W as LongDim Newh as Long, H as LongDim F1 as double, f2 as doubleIf (m_hdib ' +++++++++++++++Dim OldWidth, oldheight as IntegerDim Newwidth, newheight as IntegerDim Theta as DoubleDim dx, dy as singleDim dxx, dyy as IntegerDim rx
[0, 2 * Pi]
(2) Move the vertex along any orientation and a cylindrical surface can be generated.Translate = dir [0, 1, 0], DIS [0, 5]
(3) scale the vertices on the curve based on any point in the spaceScale = anchor [0, 0, 0], X [1, 0], Z [1, 0]
Finally, a dimension data is added from the curve to the surface, and the data size needs to be set: surface_slices = 72
The following shows the graphics and script code generated using these new statements:
Circular Surface
vertices = 360u = from 0 t
The three-leaf knot mentioned in the previous section is completely different from three to infinite. This section describes the n-leaf knot.
Let's look at the formula for the three-leaf knot again:
X = sin (t) + 2 * sin (2 * t)Y = cos (t)-2 * Cos (2 * t)
Change it:
X = sin (t) + 2 * sin (n-1) * t)Y = cos (t)-2 * Cos
This is a curve that looks like a skull. this curve reminds me of the 3D visualization of medical images when I was studying. the raw data at that time was a brain CT image. in 3D reconstruction, a method is to draw a surface by extracting the contour of each CT skull and listing it layer by layer to generate a 3D mesh. my research tastes heavy. here, I will also transform a layer-by-layer header line into a 3D mesh, that is, a graphic model of the arms.
The equation of the skull line is: (X2 +
.==========================================================================To draw multiple curves, you just need to add the coordinate pairs to the plot function in sequence:Plot (x, sin (x), X, cos (x ));To change the color, add the corresponding string to the coordinate pair:Plot (x, sin (x), 'C', X, cos (x), 'G ');To change the color and line style at the same timeClose the string:Plot (x, sin (x), 'co'
The home base station can provide the mobile communication capability inside the house at the maximum data rate, and does not need to install micro-cell Node B. They are divided into "micro-cells.
+ 45dbm-the micro-cell base station covers the outdoor area ~ 5 km+ 30dbm-microcell base station coverage zone ~ 0.5 km+ 15dbm-femto base station coverage: 50 m inside the house
The femto base station network is connected through the public telephone netwo
active oil-based interface is easy to gather, and its relative water-based interface is in the oil. It is easy to face each other. The reason for this phenomenon is that the internal part of the micro cells in the water is the oily end, solubilization ). The oil stains melted into the microcell are not easy to touch the surface of the object, and the result is the effect of decontamination and cleaning. Generally, household cleanup workers are mainly
As for the rotation of the picture, there are generally 3 solutions: (1) filter (2) CSS3 (3) canvas. The next step is explained.For the convenience of understanding, we mainly explain in 90 degrees, taking into account other angles.1. Filter (ie exclusive)1.1 Rotate FilterThe syntax is as follows:Filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.BasicImage (rotation=i);Rotation values 0 (0 or 360 degrees), 1 (90 degrees), 2 (180 degrees), 3 (270 degrees). The other number is invalid.Example of rotation 9
COS is mainly divided into four parts: 1. The file system CPU card of SMARTCOS manages the file systems supported by SmartCOS in the file mode. 1. files can be divided into MF files, DF files, and EF files MF: the master file, which is the root of the entire file system and is unique, which is equivalent to the root directory; DF: private files, it is equivalent to a subdirectory and can be used to store
COS
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