igmp snooping

setting option. If two links are set as an elastic link group, when one link is disconnected, the Gigabit backbone switch will quickly start working on another link, the efficiency is higher than the spanning tree algorithm. It is said that the switchover can be completed within one second. More and more people pay attention to the security of networks. vswitches can isolate illegal customers from the network at the underlying layer. All the vswitches that can be managed support the MAC address

Network checksum Calculation 1. Preface Checksum calculation is the basic function of NAT and content modification. After performing these operations, you must modify the checksum in the Data header. 2. 16-bit checksum Calculation 2.1 Basic Principles The IP, ICMP, IGMP, TCP, UDP, and other protocols have the same checksum algorithm. The data streams are regarded as 16-bit integer streams for repeated Superposition calculation. In order to calculate t

address Pool Mode Netsh Ras IP Set addrassign pool Echo sets the static pool range. Use a standard LAN address to avoid address forwarding errors when accessing the internet in the future. Netsh Ras IP add range 192.168.66.6 192.168.66.88 Echo uses address pool allocation Netsh Ras IP Set addrassign method = pool ECHO to enable TCP/IP forwarding, you must first install Nat For/F "Skip = 3 tokens = 3" % I in ('@ Reg query "HKLM \ System \ CurrentControlSet \ Services \ Tcpip \ Parameters"/V i

chart tries to display the positions of different TCP/IP and other protocols in the original OSI model: 7 Application Layer Such as HTTP, SMTP, SNMP, FTP, telnet, sip, ssh, NFS, RTSP, XMPP, Whois, ENRP 6 Presentation Layer For example, XDR, ASN.1, SMB, AFP, and NCP 5 Session Layer Such as ASAP, ssh, ISO 8327/CCITT x.225, RPC, NETBIOS, ASP, WinSock, BSD sockets 4 Transport Layer For example, TCP, UDP, TLS, RTP, sctp, SPX, ATP, and IL

Document directory Ping Command Implementation Program Ping Running Effect 25.1. Overview The original set of interfaces provides the following three functions that are not generally provided by TCP and UDP sets of interfaces.1. Use the original interface to read and write ICMPv4, igmpv4, and ICMPv6 groups. For example, the Ping program uses the original interface to send an ICMP echo request and accept the ICMP echo response. Mrouted, a daemon for multicast routing, also uses the original s

= 32 time = 1 msttl = 255 reply from 192.168.11.174: bytes = 32 time Ping returns some random IP addresses, all of which are in the same subnet as the host. We can see that the broadcast actually sends messages to all IP addresses in the subnet. Another example of multicasting is that it is not easy to implement this multicasting, because I don't know how many multicast groups are in the network, we had to use several special multicast addresses for verification. For multicast addresses, severa

layer checks and computes the packet to determine whether to deliver or discard the packet, and then uses the "protocol" field in the ip header to determine whether the packet is a UDP datagram, TCP segment, ICMP, or IGMP packet, in this way, IP datagram is used separately. If it is ICMP or IGMP, it will be processed according to the protocol. If it is TCP or UDP, it will go to its header and deliver it to

example, the window mechanism adopted on the layer 4 of the network is the traffic control method. Full-duplex (Full duplex) Full Duplex is the capability of two-way data transmission at the same time in the channel. Half-duplex (Half duplex) Data can only be transmitted in one direction at the same time in the channel. Switch Network term IGMPInternet workgroup Management Protocol) IGMP is mainly used to solve the bandwidth usage problem during netw

, so it is best to test Nmap on the internal network. If necessary, tell your colleagues that you are experimenting with port scanning because scanning may cause IDS alarms and other network problems. 　　 ● Establish Security benchmarks. With the help of Nmap, reinforce the network and find out which systems and services may be attacked. The next step is to establish a security benchmark from these known systems and services, in the future, if you want to enable a new service or server, you can e

alarms and other network problems. BBS.bitsCN.com Network Management Forum ● Establish security benchmarks. With the help of Nmap, the next step is to establish a security benchmark from these known systems and services after hardening the network and figuring out which systems and services may be attacked, in the future, if you want to enable a new service or server, you can easily implement it based on this security benchmark. If you want to see Linux programs working on Ipv6 networks can acc

, these settings contain at least one interface called "eth-0, it may also contain an interface name named "usb-0. You can click its interface name to display the LAN configuration page. (5) The Configuration Overview displays the following services of ADSL to help you manage your network. Translate Your private IP address to a public IP address (NAT. Allow or deny the setting of filtering rules (IP filtering) for the input or output of data ). Enable point-to-point communication (RIP ). Enable

In the vro function indicators, you should be unfamiliar with some Internet Protocol Descriptions. Generally, when using vrouters, you only care about the vro settings and configurations, as well as some IP address problems, in today's article, we will list all the router function indicators. Routing Technology: full access to router function indicators PPPOE support PPP Over Ethernet is a new protocol used to authenticate and charge Ethernet Access Users. Similar to the PPP Over ATM protocol,

because a VLAN allows broadcast packets to be sent out and does not have a good routing algorithm, packets are often forwarded in the form of broadcasts. Without a doubt, the valuable bandwidth of the WAN is greatly wasted. Therefore, Port-based, it is unreasonable to extend the VLAN of the MAC address and network address to the WAN. However, the VLAN concept based on Multicast can be flexibly and effectively extended to the WAN. Generally, Ethernet switches implement port-based VLANs, and some

the two links are set as an elastic link group. When one link is disconnected, the switch will quickly start working on another link, the efficiency is higher than the spanning tree algorithm. It is said that the switchover can be completed within one second. The security of networks is becoming more and more important. Gigabit backbone switches can isolate illegal customers from the network at the underlying layer. All the vswitches that can be managed support the MAC address filtering functio

With the development of broadband, the increasing demand for multimedia services has stimulated the popularization and development of IP multicast technology and become an indispensable key technology for the next generation of networks. Currently, the IP multicast technology is quite mature, which means that operators and enterprises can use this technology to obtain economic benefits. Mature IP multicast networking 1. Multicast technology between host and multicast Router

port lacpstate-Disable #--------------------------------------------------------------# Bridge spanningtree Section#--------------------------------------------------------------Bridge spanningtree stpversion 2Bridge spanningtree stpdefapathpathcost 1Bridge spanningtree stppriority 32768Bridge spanningtree stphellotime 2Bridge spanningtree stpmaxage 20Bridge spanningtree stpforwarddelay 15Bridge spanningtree stpstate enable #--------------------------------------------------------------# Bridge