definition we create two nodes, ABC and def, in the diagram as the left Rectangle. The reference count for two nodes is initialized to 1 because each of the two references points to each node (n1 and n2).now, Let's define two additional attributes in the node, Next and Prev:Unlike ruby, Python allows you to dynamically define instance variables or object properties while the code is RUNNING. This may seem a bit like ruby missing some interesting magic. (i am not a Python programmer, so there ma
executes class bytecode. After the thread is created, the program counter (PC) and stack (stack) are generated, and the program counter holds the offset of the next instruction to be executed in the method, and the stack frames are stored in each stack frame, and each stack frame corresponds to each call of each method, and the stack frame is made up of the local variable area and the operand stack. Local variables are used to store local variables and parameters in the method, which are used t
EU OC OU MC MU CCSC CCSU YGC YGCT FGC FGCT GCT20480.0 20480.0 0.0 13115.3 163840.0 113334.2 614400.0 436045.7 63872.0 61266.5 0.0 0.0 149 3.440 8 0.295 3.735
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S0C: The size of the first surviving area
S1C: The size of the second surviving area
S0U: The use size of the first surviving area
S1U: The use size of the second surviving area
EC: Size of the Eden D
StatisticsC:\Users\Administrator>jstat -gc 2060 S0C S1C S0U S1U EC EU OC OU MC MU CCSC CCSU YGC YGCT FGC FGCT GCT20480.0 20480.0 0.0 13115.3 163840.0 113334.2 614400.0 436045.7 63872.0 61266.5 0.0 0.0 149 3.440 8 0.295 3.735
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1
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S0C: The size of the first surviving area
S1C: The size of the second surviving area
S0U: The use
, for the long life cycle of the object, this traversal is not effective, because it may have been traversed many times , but they still exist. Therefore, the generational garbage collection uses the idea of divide and conquer, divides the generations, puts the objects of different life cycles on different generations, and uses the garbage collection method which is most suitable for it in different generat
, there will always be an empty survivor area for a period of time.
After several GC cycles, the surviving objects are transferred to the old generation memory space. This is usually done by setting an age threshold before the younger generation is eligible to ascend to the old age.
Old GenerationOlder generations of memory contain long-lived objects and objects that survived multiple Minor GC . Garbage collection is usually done in the old y
Sun's jvmgenerationalcollecting (garbage collection) principle is that it divides objects into younger generations (young), older generations (tenured), and persistent generations (Perm), using different algorithms for objects of different lifecycles. (Based on the object life cycle analysis)1.Young (Young Generation)The young generation is divided into three dis
the offset of the next instruction to be executed in the method, and the stack frames are stored in each stack frame, and each stack frame corresponds to each call of each method, and the stack frame is made up of the local variable area and the operand stack. Local variables are used to store local variables and parameters in the method, which are used to store the intermediate results produced during the execution of the method.Memory Management and garbage collectionJVM Memory Composition St
thread is still running.
Mechanisms for recycling
According to statistical analysis, Java (including some other high-level languages) in most of the object lifecycle is short-lived, so the Java memory Generation management. The purpose of generational is simply to use different management strategies (algorithms) for different generations of memory blocks to maximize performance. Compared with the old generation, usually younger generation is much s
interactive program may require a smaller application's pause time, but the time-to-go execution is more important for a non-interactive program. A real-time application may need to have a high value in both areas of garbage collection pause application time and the time ratio spent on garbage collection. Applications on personal computers or embedded systems are most concerned with a smaller resource metering (that is, the use of virtual machine resources).Generation of garbage collectionIn vi
:
Import Gcprint (Gc.get_threshold ())
Return (700, 10, 10), followed by two 10 is the threshold associated with generational collection, which can be seen later. 700 is the threshold at which garbage collection starts. Can be reset by the Set_threshold () method in the GC.We can also start the garbage collection manually, that is, using Gc.collect ().Generational recyclingPython also uses the strategy of generational (generation) recycling. The basic assumption of this strategy is that the long
list. Naturally, each collected object needs to provide some more information, the following code is the object of the collection must appear.
1 is stored before the object structure. */2 typedef Union _GC_HEAD {3 struct {4 Union _gc_head *GC_ Next; 5 Union _gc_head *Gc_prev; 6 py_ssize_t gc_refs; 7 } GC; 8 a long double dummy; /* Force worst-case Alignment */9 } pygc_head;
The actual structure of an object:
Each recycled object is co
objects, many objects quickly produce and disappear, but there are also some objects that are used for a long time. For the sake of trust and efficiency, we believe in the usefulness of these "longevity" objects, so we reduce the frequency of scanning them in garbage collection.The little guy needs more tests.Python divides all the objects into 0,1,2 three generations. All new objects are 0-generation objects. When a generation of objects has gone th
Young Generation Size Selection
Response Time-First application : as large as possible until the minimum response time limit of the system is approached (depending on the actual situation). In such cases, the frequency at which the young generation collects occurs is also minimal. At the same time, reduce the reach of older generations of objects.
throughput-First application : as large as possible, may reach Gbit degree. Because
application : as large as possible until the minimum response time limit of the system is approached (depending on the actual situation). In such cases, the frequency at which the young generation collects occurs is also minimal. At the same time, reduce the reach of older generations of objects.
throughput-First application : as large as possible, may reach Gbit degree. Because there is no requirement for response time, garbage collection can
obtaining high precision requires a very large sequencing depth.Chia-pet is marked by a specific protein factor and its associated chromatin interaction. The technique combines a paired end-label sequencing technique with chip to cross-connect a DNA fragment enriched with a protein that can be used to determine the long-range interaction of chromatin by a specific transcription factor of the entire genome, thus presenting high specificity and high resolution chromatin interactions.What is hi-c
adjusted.After the class loader reads the class file, it is necessary to put the class, method, and constant variables into the heap memory to facilitate execution by the executor. In general, the memory allocation of objects is done on the heap.In the course of running a Java program, a large number of objects are generated, some of which are related to business information, such as session objects, threads, and socket connections in HTTP requests, which are directly linked to the business and
reaches the threshold, the 0 generation gc,0 GC is triggered to enter GEN1 after the surviving objects in Gen 0. If Gen 1 's memory reaches the threshold, the 1 generation gc,1 GC recycles the Gen 0 heap and Gen 1 heap, and the surviving objects enter Gen2. 2 Generation GC recycles the Gen 0 heap, Gen 1 heap, and Gen 2 heapGen 0 and Gen 1 are relatively small, these two generations are always kept at around 16M; the size of the Gen2 is determined by
and long-lived objects, the mark-compact collector was formed. though it is a bit more complex than copying collectors, the fundamental idea is the same. there is a definite separation between the active section of the memory and the free/unused section. however, unlike the copying collector, the mark-compact collector scans for all reachable objects and compacts them at the bottom of the heap, leaving the remaining memory free for consumption. the catch is that it doesn' t have to fully compac
StatisticsC:\Users\Administrator>jstat -gc 2060 S0C S1C S0U S1U EC EU OC OU MC MU CCSC CCSU YGC YGCT FGC FGCT GCT20480.0 20480.0 0.0 13115.3 163840.0 113334.2 614400.0 436045.7 63872.0 61266.5 0.0 0.0 149 3.440 8 0.295 3.735
1
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S0C: The size of the first surviving area
S1C: The size of the second surviving area
S0U: The use
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