Introduction to inputstreamreader and outputstreamwriter. I. inputstreamreader class
Inputstreamreader exchanges byte streams into bytes streams. It is a bridge between byte stream and byte stream. If no character set encoding is specified, the decoding process uses the default character encoding of the platform, for example, GBK.
Constructor:
Inputstreamreader ISR = new inputstreamreader (inputstream in); // constructs an inputstreamreader cla
From: http://blog.csdn.net/guly699/archive/2009/10/19/4696722.aspx
First, I would like to introduce some of the commonly usedConcept
1. IRQ (interrupt request), physical interrupt request
2. sysintr, logical interrupt
3. ISR (interrupt service routine), service interruption routine
4. Ist (interrupt service thread), interrupt service thread
Interrupt handling
General interrupt handling process:
1. When an interruption occurs, the microprocessor jumps
, the above algorithm is wrong, because it is obvious that each topic partition 0 will be allocated on broker 0, the 1th partition is assigned to broker 1, until the partition ID exceeds the broker's data begins to repeat from scratch, This causes the pressure on the front several machines to be greater than the pressure on the rear machine.Therefore, Kafka is to randomly pick a broker to place partition 0, and then place other partitions sequentially. As the case:Topic:ljh_test3 PartitionCount:
Service Interruption
Program It is an important part of the device driver. In order to respond to external interruptions in a timely manner and prevent interruption loss, the interrupted service program should be as small as possible, and only the most necessary tasks should be placed
Run the command in the interrupted service program. Generally, after the system is started and the hardware device is initialized, the ISR and the interrupt vector are
functions in ser16550. There is also an isr16550 subdirectory that contains the serial port driver dedicated to installable ISR (interrupt service routines), while many hardware device drivers use ce default installable ISRGiisr. dll. An example of registry settings for a serial port device is as follows:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ drivers \ builtin \ serial_1]
Key
Meaning
"Sysintr" = DWORD: 13
The interrupt ID of
node/brokers/ids/Second, Cluster.scalaThe so-called Kafka cluster is actually the currently available broker collection. Since more than one Broker,cluster class is involved, it is necessary to define a variable of the container class to hold the broker. Yes, it defines the brokers variable and uses a variable HASHMAP to do the underlying implementation. Key is the broker's id,value is the corresponding broker instance. There are two ways of creating a Kafka cluster: 1. Create an empty cluster
attempting to resend the message.send.max.retries (the default is 3), the user can choose to stop sending subsequent data or choose to continue selecting send. Selecting continue sending will cause data blocking, and selecting stop sending will result in the loss of the data that should have been sent to the broker, and if producer uses asynchronous mode, Producer will attempt to resend the Message.send.max.retries (the default is 3) and record the exception and continue sending subsequent data
As the CE help document says, creating OAL is a very complex task, and the usual approach is to replicate the original OAL code of the same platform and modify it to accommodate the special requirements of the platform. That is to say, for a platform without special requirements, it is sufficient to copy the OAL code of the original same platform. Because of the complexity of OAL in this article, I only explain the common parts.
First, the implementation of
order-r,–recursive List all directory layers and sub-files for all current directories4. Example:Example one: List all directories and files under the root directory[BEGIN] 2015/12/19 21:14:26[[email protected] ~]# pwd/root[[email protected] ~]# ls-a... Anaconda-ks.cfg. bash_history. bash_logout. Bash_profile bashrc. CSHRC install.log install.log.syslog sersync2.5. 4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz. Tcshrc[end] 2015/12/19 21:14:39Example Two: list all the directories and files under the root d
replicas can be elected as new leader.Kafka replication chooses the second method, which has two main reasons:The second method can withstand more fault tolerance in the same number of replicas. For example, with a total of 2n+1 replicas, the second method can withstand a 2n copy failure (as long as there is an ISR that can write normally), while the first method can withstand only n replica failures. If, in the case of only two replicas, the first m
Set_p: 3.1 from /brokers/topics/[topic]/partitions/[partition]/state Reads the current ISR for the partition. 3.2 Determines the new leader for the partition. If at least one replica in the current ISR still survives, select one as the new leader, and the new ISR contains all the surviving replica in the current ISR
zookeeper will be able to obtain the latest surviving broker list from the Watch,controller registered by the fire controller.
The controller decides to set_p that the collection contains all the partition on all the brokers on the outage.
For each of the partition in Set_p:3.1 /brokers/topics/[topic]/partitions/[partition]/state reads the current ISR from the partition.3.2 Decides the new leader of the partition. If at least one replica in the c
of the CPU. However, the CPU may be executing a command, so the CPU does not respond immediately. When the CPU is busy executing a certain command, there may be other IRQ lines sending interruptions. Please, these requests will accept the selection of IMR. If the request is not blocked, these requests will also be put in IRR, that is, the corresponding bit representing their IRQ in IRR will be set to 1.
The figure consists of two 8259a cascade units, which can respond to 15 interrupt sources.
you are lose that interrupt.
For some interrupt service routines you write, your ISR won't be theonly ISR this interrupt invokes. For example, the PC's BIOS Providesan ISR for the timer interrupt that maintains the time of the. If you are patchinto the timer interrupt, you'll need to call the PC BIOS ' timer ISR sot
interrupt function is also a function, as long as the system is necessary, you can do something seemingly unreasonable, the shot will be shot, like Goto statement.
Transfer from http://www.ednchina.com/blog/hotchip/, please go to his blog to support him, there are good articles. In parentheses it's my understanding
About using:For example:Define a functionvoid func (unsigned char i) {...}Like the next interrupt functionvoid Int_0 (void) interrupt 0 using 1 {....}In the default state, Func uses
processed, the I/O manager calls it once.StartioRoutine:VOID StartIo(PDEVICE_OBJECT device, PIRP Irp){ PIO_STACK_LOCATION stack = IoGetCurrentIrpStackLocation(Irp); PDEVICE_EXTENSION pdx = (PDEVICE_EXTENSION) device->DeviceExtension; ...}Startio routines get control at the dispatch_level level, which means that this function cannot generate any page faults. In additionCurrentirpDomain andIRPAll parameters point to the IRP sent by the I/O manager.Startio starts to process IRP. It depends enti
Disclaimer: This article is an original work and copyright belongs to the author of this blog.All. If you need to repost, please indicate the sourceHttp://www.cnblogs.com/kingst/
Introduction
In this section, we will explain the hardware interruption of the niosii. We will also introduce the methods and techniques for online debugging of the niosii IDE. First of all, I would like to introduce some theoretical knowledge about hardware interruptions, so that you can have a general und
the latest surviving broker list from the Watch,controller registered by the fire controller. The controller decides to set_p that the collection contains all the partition on all the brokers on the outage. For each of the partition in Set_p:
3.1 Read the partition current ISR from/brokers/topics/[topic]/partitions/[partition]/state.
3.2 Decides the new leader of the partition. If at least one replica in the current
The content source of this page is from Internet, which doesn't represent Alibaba Cloud's opinion;
products and services mentioned on that page don't have any relationship with Alibaba Cloud. If the
content of the page makes you feel confusing, please write us an email, we will handle the problem
within 5 days after receiving your email.
If you find any instances of plagiarism from the community, please send an email to:
info-contact@alibabacloud.com
and provide relevant evidence. A staff member will contact you within 5 working days.