,] w_cell_state = np. asarray ([[0.1, 0.2], [0.3, 0.4]) w_cell_input = np. asarray ([0.5, 0.6]) B _cell = np. asarray ([0.1,-0.1]) w_output = np. asarray ([[1.0], [2.0]) B _output = 0.1 # executes the Forward propagation process. For I in range (len (X): before_activation = np. dot (state, w_cell_state) + X [I] * w_cell_input + B _cell state = np. tanh (before_activation) final_output = np. dot (state, w_output) + B _output print ("before activation:", before_activation) print ("state:", state)
before last?In addition to the long training time, RNN faced another problem is the long-running, early memory forgotten. In fact, as the data passes through the RNN, some information is lost at each moment. Not long after, RNN's status could not find the first time the trace of the data entered. This may be fatal. For example, do emotional analysis on film reviews. The first sentence is "I love this movie", but the rest of the problem is in the accumulation of the film can improve the place. I
: Https://github.com/fchollet/keras;Third, through the official website documents: https://www.python.org/doc/3, Learning neural Network: See CNN, RNN paperNn-lectures: University of Toronto courseware CSC321 Winter 2015:introduction to neural NetworksLink: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1gdpuo1t Password: Ueib4, install Ubuntu dual system (Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS), and familiar with command operation, learn the use of vim command5, LSTM:Lstm Neural network in lay
About TensorFlow a very good article, reprinted from the "TensorFlow deep learning, an article is enough" click to open the link
Google is not only the leader in big data and cloud computing, but also has a good practice and accumulation in machine learning and deep learning, and at the end of 2015, open Source was used internally by the deep learning framework TensorFlow. Compared with Caffe, Theano, Torch, mxnet and other frameworks, TensorFlow has the largest number of fork and star numbers
GitHub Project as well as on the stack overflow included 5000+ have been answeredThe issue of an average of 80 + issue submissions per week.
In the past 1 years, TensorFlow from the beginning of the 0.5, almost 1.5 months of a version:Release of TensorFlow 1.0
TensorFlow1.0 also released, although a lot of API has been changed, but also provides tf_upgrade.py to update your code. TensorFlow 1.0 on the distributed training Inception-v3 model, 64 GPU can achieve a 58X acceleration ratio, a more f
The best way to learn TensorFlow is to read the official document: https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r0.12/tutorials/seq2seq/
First, TensorFlow of the RNN use:
1. Using lstm
Lstm = Rnn_cell. Basiclstmcell (Lstm_size)# Initial State of the LSTM memory.state = Tf.zeros ([Batch_size, Lstm.state_size])probabilities = []Loss = 0.0For Current_batch_of_words in Words
"This is an analysis of the changed network model, the other writing is not comprehensive" 1, "deep learning approach for sentiment analyses of short texts"
Learning long-term dependencies with gradient descent are difcult in neural network language model because of the vanishing Gradients problem
The long-term dependence of learning gradient descent is difficult in the neural network language model, because the gradient vanishing problem
In we experiments, convlstm exploit
too long it can lead to gradient dissipation in optimization (the Vanishing gradient problem), so in practice a maximum length is generally specified, The sequence is truncated when the sequence length exceeds the specified length. ”
One of the technical challenges faced by RNN is the long-term dependency (long-term dependencies) problem, which is that the current moment is unable to obtain the required information from the time of the larger interval in the sequence. In theory, RNN can deal w
Keras version 2.0 running demo error
Because it is the neural network small white, when running the demo does not understand Keras version problem, appeared a warning:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda2\python.exe "F:/program Files (x86)/jetbrains/pycharmprojects/untitled1/cnn4.py"
Using Theano backend.
F:/program Files (x86)/jetbrains/pycharmprojects/untitled1/cnn4.py:27:userwarning:update your ' Conv2D ' to the
cell is usually used with lstm. There is also GRU substitution, GRU accuracy may not be as lstm, but more convenient to calculate, because he is the simplification of lstm.
The model of this paper is similar to the model of Encoder-decoder, the parts of encoder and decoder are made up of two different rnn, and the reason for using different rnn is that more
. Generally, cyclic networks are good at predicting and completing information, for example, they can be used for automatic completion.
[1] "stateless" means "output is only determined by the current input ". Rnn is "stateful" because it partially "remembers" the previously entered status )". -- Annotation.
Elman, Jeffrey L. "Finding structure in time." cognitive science 14.2 (1990): 179-211.
Lstm)The network tries to combat the gradient dispersion/e
class Tf.nn.rnn_cell. Basiclstmcell
Basic lstm Recurrent network cell.
We add Forget_bias (default:1) to the biases of the forget gate in order to reduce the scale of forgetting Ng of the training.
It does not allow cell clipping, a projection layer, and does to not use Peep-hole Connections:it is the basic baseline.
For advanced models, please use the full Tf.nn.rnn_cell. Lstmcell that follows.
Initialization: __init__
__init__ (
num_units,
look at one of the most basic examples, consider the Vanilla Rnn/gru Cell (Vanillarnn is the most common RNN, corresponding to the TensorFlow), the working process is as follows:
At this point, s_t = y_t = h_t, the distinction between these two really useless.
But. What if it's LSTM. For LSTM, its loop part actually has two parts, one is the value of the internal cell, and the other is the hiddenstate c
, eliminating the need to read and write HDFs.
As a result, Spark is better suited to algorithms that require iterative MapReduce such as data mining and machine learning .
About the principle of spark application, and so on, there is not much to say, another day I write a separate to chat. Now you just have to know that it can get your program distributed and run.Elephas (Deep Learning Library with spark support)First say Keras, it is b
Reproduced in the Daily Digest of deep learning, convlstm principle and its tensorflow realizationThis document references convolutional LSTM network:a machine learning approach forPrecipitation nowcasting
Today introduced a very famous network structure--convlstm, it not only has the LSTM time series modelling ability, but also can like CNN to portray the local characteristic, can say is the spatiotemporal
is very good, can expand a lot of thinking. Before the advent of the alchemy, perhaps we could give a very optimistic answer, such as 60%. But now, we need to be thoughtful. The main reason is that the powerful time series model (sequential modeling) such as rnn/lstm can depict the implicit grammatical structure of the sentence to some extent. While we cannot provide a clear explanation for the time being, it does show very promising performance on m
Language modelThe so-called language model refers to the probability of a word appearing in the next position when a number of previous words are learned.The simplest approach is to n-gram the language model, where the current position is related only to the words in the previous n positions. So, the problem is that n is small and the language model is not expressive enough. N is large, it is not possible to characterize the context effectively when it encounters sparsity problems.The
paper is simple, which can be summed up as follows: A recursive neural network (LSTM) as the generator of Gan (generator). The method of smoothing approximation (smooth approximation) is used to approximate the output of lstm. The structure diagram is as follows:The objective function of this paper is different from that of the original Gan, and the method of feature matching is adopted. The iterative opti
Awesome Recurrent neural NetworksA curated list of resources dedicated to recurrent neural networks (closely related to deep learning).Maintainers-jiwon Kim, Myungsub ChoiWe have pages for other topics:awesome-deep-vision, awesome-random-forestContributingPlease feel free-to-pull requests, email myungsub Choi ([e-Mail protected]) or join our chats to add links.Sharing
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Table of Contents
Co
fragments
Cursor: Important,
Start recording the starting position coordinates of each training data fragment, that is, which index of this fragment is in text
When executing next_batch generates a training data, the cursor will increment from its initial position until it has enough batch_size data
Last_batch: Previous training data fragment
Each time you call next, a num_unrollings long array is generated, starting with Last_batch, followed by num_unrollings batc
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