Article content• Full table scan (Scans)• Physical ID Scan (Rowid Scans)• Indexing scan (index Scans)• Clustered access (Cluster access)• Hash access (hash access)• Sample table Scan (sample table Scans)• How the query optimizer chooses access paths• Notes
Access paths (access paths) are ways to retrieve data from a database. In general, the Index Access path (index access paths) is used to retrieve a small subset of the table rows, and full-table sc
Optimization
For years, commercial database manufacturers have been working to improve database query performance. Despite their constant effort and hard work, we cannot see a significant improvement in the performance of relational database systems (RDBMS). Users continue to endure poorly performing SQL statements, and database experts continue to struggle with the quagmire of SQL statement optimization.
This article will introduce how the database query op
Label: style blog HTTP use ar sp 2014 art C Although the phase frequency response should reflect the processing time of different frequency signals, it does not mean that the larger the phase frequency response, the longer the system processing time. We can know from a simple sine signal exp (J * w * n) that the phase is w * n, that is, the phase is not only related to time, but also frequency. In signal processing, group delay is another concept used to characterize the system delay time. Its
MySQL master-slave replication is an important part of the MySQL high-availability architecture. It can be used to achieve load balancing, high availability and failover, and provide backup. For master-slave replication monitoring, it is not reliable to rely solely on the showslavestatus provided by MySQL itself. Pt-heartbeat is a good choice for master-slave replication latency monitoring. This article describes
MySQL master-slave replication is an i
timing precision requirements, such as dynamic display of Bitmap.
Method 2: Use the sleep () function in VC to implement latency. Its unit is ms. For example, if the latency is 2 seconds, use sleep (2000 ). The accuracy is very low, and the minimum timing accuracy is only 30 ms. The disadvantage of using the sleep function is that other messages cannot be processed during the delay period. If the time is t
In Android, latency functions are divided into user space and kernel space:
Kernel space
# Include
Udelay (int n );
Mdelay (INT n ));
Ndelay (INT n ));
These functions will lead to an endless cycle of CPU and lead to a busy wait of CPU.
Usleep (int n );
Msleep (INT n ));
Nsleep (INT n ));
The difference between the first group and the second group of latency functions is that the first group of
We know that there are many concepts in computers that are not easy to understand. sometimes, a good analogy can beat many explanations. The following are two wonderful metaphors I have seen. let's share them with you. The first analogy is about throughput and latency.
We know that there are many concepts in computers that are not easy to understand. sometimes, a good analogy can beat many explanations. The following are two wonderful metaphors I have
When you submit a query, MySQL will analyze it to see if some optimization can be done to make it faster to process the query. This section describes how the query optimizer works. If you want to know the optimization methods used by MySQL, you can refer to the MySQL reference manual.
Of course, the MySQL query optimizer also uses indexes, but it also uses other information. For example, if you submit a que
This article uses a case to see how the MySQL optimizer selects the index and JOIN sequence. For Table Structure and data preparation, refer to the test environment at the end of this article. Here we will mainly introduce the main execution process of the MySQL optimizer, rather than the various components of an optimizer (this is another topic ). We know that t
Label:If you are dissatisfied with the execution plan selected by the optimizer, you can use several hints provided by the optimizer to control the final execution plan, the specific usage of each hint, the recommended direct reading of the official manual, some hints and versions have a direct relationship, some of the tips you can use are as follows: High_priority and low_priority: This tip tells MySQL wh
MySQL master-slave database synchronization latency problem solved recently I was conducting a MySQL master-slave database synchronization test and found some problems, among which the master-slave synchronization latency problem is one of them. the following content is some explanations found on the Internet, record it for your own learning;
The master-slave synchronization of MySQL is a mature architectu
Hello everyone, welcome back to the 22nd week of Performance tuning training . Last week I talked about the baseline in SQL Server, and today we go ahead and talk about waiting and I/O latency statistics in SQL Server. When I perform a SQL Server health check, I always use these 2 dimensions to globally master the health of SQL Server.Wait statistics (wait Statistics)Every time you execute a query in SQL Server, the query waits. This looks bleak for t
(current-> timeout> 0 ){Early = Current-> timeout-jiffies;Current-> timeout = 0;}Return early;}3. If you do not need to wait for other events, you can directly wait for a delay.Extern inline voidSchedule_timeout(INT timeout){Current-> timeout = jiffies + timeout;Current-> state = task_interruptible;Schedule ();Current-> timeout = 0;}Set_current_state (task_interruptible );Schedule_timeout (jit_delay * Hz );4We recommend a maximum of 1000us for short latency
Interrupt latency or interruption DelayThis refers to the time period from the interruption generation to the CPU response interruption, that is, the time period from T2 to T3 in the figure. The interrupt latency is caused by the kernel disabling the interrupt response of the CPU before entering the critical section. During this period, although the external device makes the interrupt request line of the CP
Zend Optimizer not installed possible causes and solutionsOptimizer, Zendin the configuration of the PHP server, all things are installed, is to browse a request Zend program, always prompt "Zend Optimizer not Installed", uninstall reinstall also not, it is depressed. Online search, there are many of this problem, here are some of the extracts of the solution:1.Zend, and the installation is completed but fo
MySQLDatabaseMaster/Slave latencyHow to judge? This article introduces two methods for judging: 1. Seconds_Behind_Master vs 2. mk-heartbeat. Next we will introduce these methods separately.
In daily work, for MySQL master-slave replication check, on the one hand, we need to ensure that the overall structure of the replication is normal, on the other hand, we need to check whether the master-slave data is consistent. For the former, we can monitor whether the replication thread is working normall
First, declare that the "high concurrency" here is relative, relative to the hardware, rather than absolute high concurrency. The latter must be implemented in a distributed manner. We will not discuss it here. This article focuses on the high concurrency of a single machine.
Recently, a voice communication system was developed, requiring online users and 1 K concurrent calls. The hardware is two servers, core and multi-core, 4G memory, and 1g NIC (the best hardware I have ever used, so it shoul
Reprinted from: Http://www.jianshu.com/p/6e2b68a93c88 One, mobile 300ms click DelayIn general, if the mobile browser is distributing the Click event without special processing, there will usually be a delay of around 300ms. That is, when we click on the page, the mobile browser does not respond immediately, but will wait for a few moments before the effect of clicking. In the early days of the mobile web, users ' sense of 300ms latency was not obvious
1. Oracle optimizer: a. RULE (RULE-based) B. COST (COST-based) c. CHOOSE (selectivity ). Set the default optimizer. You can declare the OPTIMIZER_MODE parameter in the init. ora file, such as RULE, COST, CHOOSE, ALL_ROWS, and FIRST_ROWS. Of course you are also in the SQL statement
1. Oracle optimizer: a. RULE (RULE-based) B. COST (COST-based) c. CHOOSE (selectivi
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