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Chapter One: Understanding Web and Network Fundamentals1.http: Hypertext Transfer Protocol2.TCP/IP protocol family: The network usually used is based on the TCP/IP protocol family, and HTTP belongs to a subset within it.The 3.TCP/IP protocol family is divided into the following layers: application layer, Transport
VroThe second layerBridgingThe function is actually the ability to process data frames. When the "sub-interface" is enabled on the vro, multiple data frame packages (such as ISL and 802. 1Q) are supported. In this way, we can use a router to connect to a layer 2 device that uses different frames to encapsulate the standard. Cisco routers provide Integrated Routing and Bridging (IRB) functions. When IRB is c
Troubleshooting of IGRP/VPN Protocol 2 07. Why does it mean that VPN is neither a distance vector protocol nor a link status protocol? VPN is an advanced distance vector protocol. It sends and updates route information based on the neighbor router. However, it also saves a r
Egret officially provides a websocket library that allows us to easily interact with long server connections.When the title is written, customize the WebSocket protocol format. To explain, not to say that we go to the websocket itself, we are in the websocket of the transmission content of a set of server and customer interaction format.Take a look at the idea: Choose how to serialize Convention an interactive format Encapsulates a si
IGMP communicates group membership information between hosts and routers on the local network, and routers periodically multicast IGMP queries to all host groups. Host multicast IGMP reporting messagesIn response to the query.From an architectural standpoint, IGMP is the Transport layer protocol located above IP. It has a protocol number (
initialized here .. Put channle into the channles internal server .. After creating channle, send the AMI event newchannel .. Return to create channle to sip_new after completion SIP is a channel type. It is actually created as the ast_channle structure in channle. C. This structure is a multi-channel interface layer ,.. Set sipuri, sipdomain, parkinglot, accountcode, language, and other global data to initialize the FD event. It is worth noting th
TCP/IP Note 2. Network Layer (1) -- IP, subnet, CIDR1. IP1.1 supporting agreementIP is one of the two most important protocols in the TCP/IP system.There are also four protocols used in combination with the IP protocol:(1) ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Address Resolution Protoc
different method then ack wouldn't be used. the second device sends a 200 OK and this message is sent all the way back to the initiating client. the following validation shows this process in action: Finally, the client on the left side sends out an ACK for the 200 OK. this Ack is a new transaction and therefore has a new branch value. the proxies forward the request to the destination, again adding a via header for each hop. this time ack does not fork; we will see this mechanic in the next ar
Manual implementation usually refers to the use of some hacker tools to scan and sniff the network, obtain the management account and related passwords, and install trojans on the network to further steal confidential files. The attack and deception process is relatively concealed and quiet, but it is extremely harmful to enterprises with high information security requirements. However, attacks from Trojans, viruses, and worms often deviate from the attack and cheat itself. Sometimes, they are v
1. Prevention of MAC/CAM attacks1.1principles and hazards of MAC/CAM attacks1.2 typical cases of MAC/CAM attacks1.3 use port security feature to prevent MAC/CAM attacks1.4 Configuration1.5 use other technologies to prevent MAC/CAM attacks 2. DHCP attack prevention2.1 FAQs about DHCP management:2.2 DHCP snooping TechnologySurgery Overview2.3 Basic defense2.4 Advanced Defense 3. Principles and prevention of ARP spoofing/mitm (man-in-the-middle) Atta
obtained, which includes all the data required for the tile to be displayed on the screen, the row and column numbers of the tile, the geographic range coordinates of the tile, and the screen coordinates of the tile. (4) After the tiledata array is initialized, you can start drawing. The drawing is the calling rendertile () method. In this method, you can call the geturl () of the layer () method to obtain the path of the tile data, initialize the DI
TCP/IP note 4. application Layer (2) -- FTP 1. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) File Transfer Protocol FTP only provides some basic services for File Transfer, it uses TCP reliable transport service. The main function of FTP is to reduce or eliminate the incompatibility of File Processing in different operating systems. 1.
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