between nodes. That is, The network connection between the nodes is invalid and the request can still be processed ! In fact, any distributed system needs to meet these three of the two. Cap theory points out:cap Three can only take the second, not both. In fact, this is very well understood, for the following reasons: 1- first, the single machine can only guarantee the CP.2- when there are two or more nodes, when a network partition occurs, two no
1. First understand the concept of main memory and thread working memory in Java.If there is a static variable, the value is stored in main memory. If multiple threads access this variable, each thread copies the value of the variable to its own working memory, followed by the operation of the copy in its own working memory, and then back to the main memoryObviously, the above operation is non-atomic, and there is a classic multithreading problem: Variable i=6, threads A and B both add 1 to I
Http://www.haokoo.com/internet/2877400.htmlKafka in versions prior to 0.8, the high availablity mechanism was not provided, and once one or more broker outages, all partition on the outage were unable to continue serving. If the broker can never recover, or a disk fails, the data on it will be lost. One of Kafka's design goals is to provide data persistence, and for distributed systems, especially when the cluster scale rises to a certain extent, the likelihood of one or more machines going down
guarantee for the Undo tablespace, as shown below:
Alter tablespace undotbs1 retention guarantee; (if not, execute alter tablespace undotbs1 retention noguarantee;) to ensure that the Undo tablespace is full, A new transaction does not overwrite undo data that has not expired. Of course, the new transaction execution will be stuck at this time.
Specific reference http://blog.itpub.net/post/602/469270
1.
transaction is committed. The default value is 900 seconds in Oracle10g.
Guarantee: ensure that the time specified by the undo_retention parameter is valid. This is a new 10g function.
SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 retention guarantee;
SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 retention noguarantee;
Without the guarantee, Oracle cannot store undo information for 900 secon
guarantee is the minimum commitment made by the system to relevant project personnel, especially when the target of the primary performer cannot be met. If the target fails, the project personnel agree that their interests are protected. At this time, the minimum guarantee is successful./Failed test criteria.
4, Success guarantee (Success
disk space again:AIX:/> df-g (Linux: df-h)
Undo_retention: specifies the time (in seconds) for undo to be saved after a transaction is committed. The default value is 900 seconds in ORACLE10g.
GUARANTEE: ensure that the time specified by the undo_retention parameter is valid. This is a new 10g function.
SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE undotbs1 RETENTION GUARANTEE;
SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE undotbs1 RETENTION NOGUARANTE
function to audit the data changes of each row. It can find all submitted operations, their operation time, and results. Therefore, flashback version query can replace the fine-grained audit function and the logminer tool function to some extent.
Any existing data in the withdrawal segment can be used for flash back version query. Therefore, the maximum available version depends on the setting of the undo_retention initialization parameter. Because this parameter is not mandatory, If you want t
subsequent operation.1. Program Order rules: Each action in a thread is happens-before to any subsequent action in that thread.2. Monitor lock rule: Unlocks a monitor lock, happens-before to the locking of the subsequent lock on the monitor.3.volatile variable rule: Writes to a volatile field, happens-before to any subsequent reading of this volatile field.4. Transitivity: If a happens-before B, and B happens-before C, then a Happens-before c.5. Thread Start rule: the Start () method of the thr
action in a thread is happens-before to any subsequent action in that thread.2. Monitor lock rule: Unlocks a monitor lock, happens-before to the locking of the subsequent lock on the monitor.3.volatile variable rule: Writes to a volatile field, happens-before to any subsequent reading of this volatile field.4. Transitivity: If a happens-before B, and B happens-before C, then a Happens-before c.5. Thread Start rule: the Start () method of the thread object Happens-before every action on this thr
of the variable.Assign (Assignment): A variable that acts on the working memory, assigns a value received from the execution engine to a variable in the working memory, and performs this operation whenever the virtual opportunity is to a byte-code instruction that assigns a value to a variableStore: A variable acting on a working memory that transfers the value of a variable in the working memory to main memory for subsequent write operations to useWrite (write): A variable that acts on the mai
seemingly harmless data is mailed or copied to the intranet host and executed.
Nine, the firewall can not prevent internal leakage behavior. A legitimate user inside the firewall is actively leaking, the firewall is powerless.
X. Firewalls cannot prevent the threat of their own security vulnerabilities. Firewalls protect others sometimes but can't protect themselves, there is no guarantee that the firewall will not have security vulnerabilities. Th
1. Preface
memory allocation and recovery policy
Structure analysis of JVM heap (new generation, old age, permanent generation)
Object Precedence in Eden Assignment
Large objects go straight into the old age
Long-lived objects will enter the old age.
Dynamic Object Age Determination
Space Allocation guarantee
2. Garbage collector and memory allocation policyThe automated memory management ad
List
Ordered collection allow repeating elements
Allow null elements
ArrayList
Ordered collection (implemented internally through arrays) allows repeating elements to allow null elements to be unsynchronized
Vector
Ordered collection (implemented internally through arrays) allows repeating elements to allow null element synchronization
LinkedList
Ordered collection (implemented internally through a two-way linked list) allows repeating elements to allow null elements to be asynchronous
Set
object, it can greatly improve performance, especially if the cost of creating objects is more expensive.
The ability of static factory methods to return the same object from repeated invocations allows classes to maintain stric T control over what instances exist. Classes that does this are said to be instance-controlled. There are several reasons to write instance-controlled classes. Instance control allows a class to guarantee, it is a singleton (
Yesterday saw this article: why Spark Streaming + Kafka hard to guarantee exactly once? After looking at the author's understanding of exactly once to disagree, so want to write this article, explain my spark streaming to ensure exactly once semantic understanding. the integrity of exactly once implementation
First of all, a very important truth is: the whole system to the exactly once guarantee, never rely
SEO company how to guarantee in the concept of Lian, search engine optimization clients should get rewarded more than other work statements and some fancy reports, spent hours at the end of the month on any link building, while other large ranked top 10 rankings, articles submitted to other seemingly important SEO tasks. As always the truth is that SEO companies either guarantee the top 10 rankings or not b
message order in this way
Assume that M1 sent to the s1,m2 sent to S2, if you want to ensure that M1 before the M2 is consumed, then need to M1 to reach the consumer end is consumed, notify S2, and then S2 sent M2 to the consumer end.
The problem with this model is that if M1 and M2 are sent to two servers separately, there is no guarantee that M1 will reach the MQ cluster first and that M1 be consumed first. In other words, if the M2 before M1 to re
ensure availability, must be deployed multiple), the same data read and write, at the database level concurrent read and write does not guarantee the completion sequence, This means that the subsequent read request is likely to be completed first (read dirty data): (a) The first step in the write request A,a eliminated the cache (e.g. 1 in) (b) Step two of a to write the database, issue a modification request (e.g. 2 in) (c) The first step in the rea
level concurrent read and write does not guarantee the completion sequence, This means that the subsequent read request is likely to be completed first (read dirty data):(a) The first step in the write request A,a eliminated the cache (e.g. 1 in)(b) Step two of a to write the database, issue a modification request (e.g. 2 in)(c) The first step in the read request B,b reads the cache and discovers that the cache is empty (as in step 3)(d) The second s
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