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classification method is used to solve the nonlinear problem in two steps, first using a transform to map the data of the original space to the new space, and then using the line-line classification learning method in the new space.Learn the classification model from the training data.If a kernel function is semi-positive, it is valid.In order to solve the problem of outliers, penalties are introduced. The new model should not only make the interval
algorithm to initially estimate the number of K.2) How to choose the initial K pointsThe common algorithm is random selection. But often the effect is not very good, also can be similar to the method, the line uses the hierarchical clustering algorithm to divide the K clusters, and uses these clusters ' centroid as the initial centroid.3) method of calculating distancesCommonly used such as European distance, cosine angle similarity degree.4) Algorithm Stop conditionThe maximum number of iterat
other.Suppose we choose the attribute R as the split attribute, DataSet D, R has K different values {v1,v2,..., Vk}, so d according to the value of R into K-group {d1,d2,..., Dk}, after splitting by R, the amount of information required to separate the different classes of DataSet D is:information gain is defined as before and after the split, two of the amount is only poor:The following example uses Python to illustrate a decision tree construct using the information gain method:The main steps
application thread exists in the contents of the set logs, and modify the corresponding remembered sets, this step needs to pause the application, parallel running.Survival Object calculation and cleanup ( Live Data counting and Cleanup )It should be noted that in G1, it is not that final marking pause is executed, it is certain to perform cleanup this step, because this step needs to suspend the application, G1 in order to achieve quasi-real-time requirements, It is necessary to reasonably pla
Logistic regression is used to classify, and linear regression is used to return.Linear regression is the addition of the properties of the sample to the front plus the coefficients. The cost function is the sum of squared errors. Therefore, in the minimization of the cost function, you can directly derivative, so that the derivative equals 0, as follows:Gradient descent can also be used to learn the same gradient as the logistic regression form.Advantages of linear regression: simple calculatio
Continuous update ...1.k-Nearest Neighbor algorithmAdvantages: High precision, insensitive to outliers, no data input settingsCons: High computational complexity, high spatial complexityApplicable data range: Numerical and nominal typeApplicable scenarios:2.ID3 Decision Tree AlgorithmAdvantages: The computational complexity is not high, the output is easy to understand, the missing middle value is not sensitive, can process the irrelevant characteristic dataDisadvantage: May cause over-matching
threshold of the class, and it is saved for clustering. This method of finding EPs mainly takes into account that data sets of different densities should be based on the density of each data. The appropriate thresholds were selected for clustering. Because the parameters used in clustering can only determine the density difference in the same class of data in the cluster results, the error caused by the parameter selection will not have a great effect on the clustering result.2.2 DBSCAN cluster
can be processed.Cons: Easy to fit.How to avoid overfitting:(1) dimensionality reduction, can use PCA algorithm to reduce the dimension of the sample, so that the number of theta of the model is reduced, the number of times will be reduced, to avoid overfitting;(2) regularization, the design of regular items regularization term.The regularization function is to prevent some properties before the coefficient weight is too large, there has been a fitting.Note that the way to resolve overfitting i
polynomial has an integer root does not exist.
Since Turing, algorithms have already had an inseparable connection with computer science. Of course, the content of this book is not intended to begin with the Turing machine. Looking back at the history of establishing a formal algorithm definition and cracking the question of Hilbert 10th, we want to explain more
Deep Learning Book recommendation, deep learning bookAI Bible
Classic best-selling book in the field of deep learning! Has long ranked first in Amazon AI and machine learning boo
1. neuro-fuzzy and soft computing, a computational approach to learning and machine intelligence
Comment: This book is jyh-shing, a good student at Lofti A. Zadeh (Foundation of Fuzzy Set ).
Written by Roger Jang (JI zhixing), and zadel personally introduced the preface ~~~ Although the publishing year-1997 was earlier, it was also 32 years after the advent of Fu
Machine learning and its application 2013 content introduction BooksComputer BooksMachine learning is a very important area of research in computer science and artificial intelligence. In recent years, machine learning has not only been a great skill in many fields of comput
Some of the books on algorithms are very rigorous, but not comprehensive, others involve a lot of subject matter, but lack rigor. The introduction of the Algorithm (the 3rd edition of the original book)/Computer science series combines rigor and comprehensiveness into an in-depth discussion of various algorithms and focuses on the design and analysis of these
intention. Look at the judging criteria below. Using p to express precision,r expression recall;
If we choose the criterion = (p+r)/2, then algorithm3 win, obviously unreasonable. Here we introduce an evaluation standard: F1-score.
When p = or r=0, there is f=0;
When P=1r=1, there is f=1, the largest;
Similarly, we apply F1 score to the above three algorithms, and the results are ALGORITHM1 largest, which is the best; algorithm3 the least, the worst
[Interactive publishing network] "Introduction to algorithms: 3rd version of the original book" is now available to receive 8 yuan cash coupons after purchase.
There are some rigorous but not comprehensive descriptions in the relevant algorithms; others involve a large number of subjects, but lack rigor. This book i
Moving DL we have six months of time, accumulated a certain experience, experiments, also DL has some of their own ideas and understanding. Have wanted to expand and deepen the DL related aspects of some knowledge.Then saw an MIT press related to the publication DL book http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~bengioy/dlbook/, so you have to read this book and then make some notes to save some knowledge of the idea. Th
Recently in grasping the underlying language foundation, before the data structure and algorithms do not have much feeling, but the more deep learning the more I feel that these foundations are really to hold firmly. A simple array, a lot of learning to dig into. So I'm going to write a series of reading notes and comb the basics of this piece. This
learning to organize the daily learning of machine learning algorithms, and practical problems, do more experiments, and strive to get a better learning effect, I will be firm belief, more efforts to catch up with the pace of exc
algorithms that can be used to allow programmers to experiment with tools and libraries of programming functions. The most representative of the book is: "Programming collective Intelligence", "Machine learning for Hackers", "Hackersand Data mining:practical Machine
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