and JOIN are the same.
For example, the following uses equijoin to list authors and publishers in the same city in the authors and publishers tables:
The Code is as follows:
SELECT *FROM authors AS a inner join publishers AS pON a. city = p. city
2. Unequal join: Use a comparison operator other than the equal operator to compare
(messagequeueing Telemetry Transport Protocol) is the abbreviation for the Message Queuing Remote sensing transport protocol, a message transfer protocol based on the lightweight agent's publish/subscribe model introduced by IBM. Runs on top of the TCP protocol stack, providing an orderly, reliable, two-way connection to the network connection guarantee. Because it is open, simple and easy to implement, it can be used in resource-constrained environments and is a good choice for both the and In
Type declaration
Look at the code, at a glance.
Class Person{public function age (Int. $age): string { return ' is '. $age; }}
namespace and Use Keyword batch Declaration
Non-mixed mode
Use publishers\packt\{book, Ebook, Video};use function publishers\packt\{getBook, savebook};use const PUBLISHERS\PACKT \{COUNT, KEY};
Mixed mode
Use
CategoryName
From Categories
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT NULL)
ORDER BY CategoryName ASC
Compare queries using EXISTS and in
This example compares two semantically similar queries. The first query uses EXISTS and the second query uses in. Note that two queries return the same information.
Copy Code code as follows:
SELECT DISTINCT pub_name
From publishers
WHERE EXISTS
(SELECT *
From titles
WHERE pub_id = publishers.pu
received in either book is less than- M% of all authors, and then select from the authors table the names of all authors that match au_id titleauthor query results: Select au_lname, au_fname from authors WHERE au_ au_id ID in (SELECT au_id from titleauthor WHERE Royaltyper - MThe results show that some authors belong to less than- M% of the class.
Not in: subqueries introduced through the NOT in keyword also return a column of 0 or more values.
The following query finds the name of a publ
the connected columns using comparison operators.The inner connection is divided into three kinds:1. Equivalent connection: Use the equals sign (=) operator in the join condition to compare the column values of the connected columns, whose query results list all the columns in the connected table, including the repeating columns.2. Unequal connection: The column values of the concatenated columns are compared using comparison operators other than the equals operator in the join condition.These
three types of internal connections:1. Equivalent connection: Use the equals sign (=) operator in the join condition to compare the column values of the connected columns, which are listed in the query results that are connectedAll the columns in the table, including the repeating columns.2, unequal connections: Use a comparison operator other than the equals operator in the join condition to compare the column values of the connected columns. TheseOperators include >, >=, 3. Natural connection
all the columns in the joined table, including the repeating columns.2, unequal connections: Use a comparison operator other than the equals operator in the join condition to compare the column values of the connected columns. These operators include >, >=, 3. Natural connection: Use the Equals (=) operator in the join condition to compare the column values of the connected column, but it uses the selection list to indicate which columns are included in the query result collection and to delete
. For related subqueries, it should be noted that: (1) A, not in, not EXISTS related subquery can use the left join instead of the notation. For example: Select Pub_name from publishers where pub_id not in (select pub_id from TITLES WHERE TYPE = ' business ') can be rewritten as: Select A.pub_name from Publishers A, left JOIN, TITLES B on b.type = "Business" and a.pub_id=b. pub_id WHERE b.pub_id is NULL
Label:SQL Server Replication Replication is a combination of technologies that you can use to replicate data and database objects from one database to another. The copy of the English is replication, repeating the meaning, not copy. The core function of replication is to store and forward, repeat this action to other databases after adding, deleting, and changing in the source database. Reasons for using replication 1. Load balancing: Reduce the load on the current server by replicating data to
operators to compare the column values of the concatenated columns. There are three types of internal connections:1. Equivalent connection: Use the equals sign (=) operator in the join condition to compare the column values of the joined columns, and the query results list all the columns in the joined table, including the repeating columns.2, unequal connections: Use a comparison operator other than the equals operator in the join condition to compare the column values of the connected columns
example, the following uses equijoin to list authors and publishers in the same city in the authors and publishers tables:
SELECT *
FROM authors AS a inner join publishers AS p
ON a. city = p. city
If you use a natural connection, delete the duplicate columns (city and state) in the authors and publishers tabl
table, including duplicate columns, are listed in the query results.
2. unequal join: Use a comparison operator other than the equal operator to compare the column values of the connected columns. These operators include >,>=,
.
3. Natural join: Use the equal to (=) operator in the connection condition to compare the column values in the connected column. However, it uses the selection list to indicate the columns included in the query result set, delete duplicate columns in the connectio
subqueries. Note the following for related subqueries:
(1)
For subqueries related to a, not in, and not exists, you can use left join instead. For example, SELECT PUB_NAME from publishers where PUB_ID not in (SELECT PUB_ID from titles where type = 'business') can be rewritten to: select. PUB_NAME from publishers a left join titles B on B. TYPE = 'business' and. PUB_ID = B. PUB_ID where B. PUB_ID IS NULL
use IN, not in, EXISTS, and not exists to introduce related subqueries. Note the following for related subqueries:
(1) for subqueries not in and not exists, use left join instead. For example:
SELECT PUB_NAME from publishers where PUB_ID NOTIN (SELECT PUB_ID from titles where type = 'business ')
It can be rewritten:
Select a. PUB_NAME from publishers a leftjoin titles B on B. TYPE = 'business' and a. PUB_I
be blocked and cannot receive Google notification emails. Now Gmail has opened free registration. If you do not have a Gmail account, you 'd better register a Gmail mailbox before applying for a Google Adsense account. If you are not using a Google email address, you may try to use your application account (email address) even though you have not received an email notification after applying for a few days) log on to Google Adsense. If you can log on, the application is successful.
(7) cheris
operation lists the data rows that match the connection condition. It uses the comparison operator to compare the column values of the connected columns. Internal Connection scoreThree types:1. equijoin: Use the equal sign (=) operator in the connection condition to compare the column values in the connected column. The joined column values are listed in the query results.All columns in the table, including duplicate columns.2. Unequal join: Use a comparison operator other than the equal operat
occurs during connection. Generally, you can specify the field sorting rule database_default when creating a temporary table in create table to avoid the above problems.
5. subquery usage
A subquery is a SELECT query nested in select, insert, update, delete statements, or other subqueries. Subqueries can be used wherever expressions are allowed.
Subqueries allow for flexible programming and can be used to implement some special functions. However, in terms of performance, an inappropriate
connection table are deleted.For example, the following uses equijoin to list authors and publishers in the same city in the authors and publishers tables:Select *From authors as a inner join publishers as POn a. City = P. City
If you use a natural connection, delete the duplicate columns (city and state) in the authors and
. CNO, AVG (Y. Degree) as "average score"From student X, score yWhere X. Class = ''95033'' and X. Sno = Y. Sno group by Y. CNO(3) query student and score table information of all students:Select X. *, Y. * from student X, score y Where X. Sno = Y. SnOUse equijoin to list authors and publishers in the same city in the authors and publishers tables:Select * from authors as a inner join
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