I. MPLS IN BGP Theory
No mpls ip propagate-ttl [forwarded | local]
Note: you only need to configure this command on the entry PE!
If you want to hide the P router in the public network, and the PE router entry PE at the egress, you can use this command if it is not tracked by traceroute in the private network.
By default, when an IP packet arrives at the entry PE, the TTL value in the IP packet header is
One: MPLS in PE1.LDP Neighbors cannot establishA, see if the neighbor does not have any neighbors then first look at the configurationis the protocol correct ?whether the related interface is enabled MPLSIPB, the bottom of the Route-id not reachC,646 was cut offLDP 's Hello packet UDP 646Update Packet TCP 646The TDP is 711 .D , Copp kill it. 646 2. Track the destination route PE addressin the Check show MPLS
Synchronous Optical Fiber Network (SONET) is an optical fiber transmission standard that focuses on the physical layer in the OSI model structure. Like SDH in the world, SONET was initially designed for the transmission of voice traffic over optical fiber networks. Like the first layer physical layer protocol, SONET is also used to ensure communication between various optical fiber network links. Over time, SONET evolved, including data services-such as frame relay, T1, and OC-3-in terms of fibe
In this document, there are several things that are involved:
Fast Reroute Frr--fast Re-route
Link protection
Node protection
Path protection
Some other advanced protection mechanisms.
Before we begin, we need to understand why protection and recovery are needed.
Some of the networks sometimes fail, and these failures involve a wide range of lines, fiber loose/broken to router crashes.
In IGP, if network turbulence is encountered, OSPF or other routing protocols recalculate the topology,
In the traffic engineering of MPLS TE, it is divided into the following aspects:
1, the release of information
2, the calculation and establishment of the path
3, traffic forwarding in the tunnel.
So here to understand the path calculation and build, first of all to understand how SPF is working, and then see what is CSPF (constrained SPF). In order to establish the calculation of the path is a good understanding. In detail, why do you want to lea
Data Packets transmitted in the MPLS network can have multiple labels. Generally, there is only one label for data transmission in the MPLS network, and there are two labels in the mpls vpn. This is the label stack, they are called the top label and the bottom stack label respectively. The inner layer label should be the bottom stack label, and the outer layer la
MPLS: Multiprotocol label Switching. What exactly is MPLS ?1, MPLS Overview: The use of label forwarding instead of traditional routing and forwarding, greatly improve the forwarding rate, and MPLS in traffic engineering and QoS areas are of great use.2. Tags: MPLS uses tags
Absrtact: Broadband IP metropolitan Area network, routing planning and design is the core link. In the beginning of the network, must be integrated planning. According to the construction of the metropolitan area Network, the routing strategy based on Bgp/mpls VPN is adopted, which is proved to be feasible by practice.
Key words: BGP MPLS VPN IP Routing strategy
1 Broadband metropolitan Area Network overv
broadband IP Telephone test network platform (VOIP-VPN) to achieve. Optical bridge users in the voice of the need to focus on the following areas: the scope of business to be broad, you can achieve voice mail, voicemail, address books and many other functions, can be integrated with the computer, data, voice simultaneous implementation. High bandwidth, easy to increase service items, low interference, stable voice quality, low cost, good performance/price ratio. These requirements through Netco
At present, the MPLS fast rerunning technology is widely used. We believe that with the development of the communication industry, the MPLS fast rerunning technology will be more comprehensive and stable, bringing users a good network environment. To meet real-time applications such as video conferencing and television services, LSP protection capabilities similar to traditional SDHAPS must be provided for
1. With the advances in hardware technology and the creation of high-speed routers and three-layer switches, MPLS has had little meaning to increase the speed of forwarding. However, MPLS has been widely used in virtual private network, traffic engineering, QoS and so on because of its support of tag stack and connection-oriented characteristics. MPLS Label switc
The previous document has already learned the information dissemination through OSPF, also introduced the CSPF and path's establishment RSVP work principle.
What should we do next?
You can forward customer data traffic along the tunnel interface in three ways:
Static routing routes
Policy Routing Policy Routing
Automatic routing Autoroute
So to be more blunt, this piece of content is the final phase of Te Tunnel, the key to the key. Just imagine, through arduous, established a te tunnel, b
In March 1999, the Internet Task Force (IETF) published a RFC2547 by Cisco, describing a way for operators to provide virtual private network (VPN) services to users through an IP backbone network. This method uses an extended BGP (Boundary routing protocol) to distribute VPN routing information through the carrier backbone network, and uses Multiprotocol token switching (MPLS) to forward VPN traffic between the VPN user sites. The main purpose of thi
In the HUB-AND-SPOKE environment of mpls vpn, for the sake of security AND cost, the branches are not interconnected, AND the access between the branches must go through the firewall of the headquarters, both the security effect and the cost are saved.The experiment topology is as follows:Due to the existence of the downstream bits and domain tags in the anti-ring mechanism of OSPF, the route may not be received in the outbound VRF of r6. therefore, t
MPLS (Multi-propocol Label Switching) is a Multi-Protocol Label exchange.MPLS is a third-generation network architecture and a new generation of IP High-Speed Backbone Network Exchange Standard, proposed by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet Engineering Task Group, led by Cisco, ascend, 3Com, and other network equipment manufacturers.MPLS is an integrated IP over ATM technology. It combines routing functions on Frame Relay and ATM switch,
Before learning MPLS, you should know that MPLS has two modes of operation.
1, Frame mode--gt; in the third-level group header (such as IP packet header) before the tag to forward.
2.---gt; in the MPLS network composed of ATM LSR, MPLS is used to exchange Vpi/vci information in the control plane instead of using ATM
What is the premise of using MPLS traffic engineering for CISCO? or MPLS te configuration logic:
Cisco IOS software version that supports MPLS traffic engineering.
The network needs to start CEF.
The link state protocol used as IGP OSPF or Is-is. Only these two protocols can support TE. (OSPF provides a class tenth LSA to propagate related TE information).
Th
The principle of the protection of TE is already mentioned. Today's focus is to explain how the Frr-fast-reroute in Te Protection is configured, and how to look at the state.
Before introducing the configuration, it is important to note that FRR fast rerouting is a protection mechanism.
Imagine if the R2 to R6 is an ordinary IGP network. After the middle link down, what is the situation?
It should be the first problem the router sends the LSA through the other interface and then reddening to
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