In this document, there are several things that are involved:
Fast Reroute Frr--fast Re-route
Link protection
Node protection
Path protection
Some other advanced protection mechanisms.
Before we begin, we need to understand why protection and recovery are needed.
Some of the networks sometimes fail, and these failures involve a wide range of lines, fiber loose/broken to router crashes.
In IGP, if network turbulence is encountered, OSPF or other routing protocols recalculate the topology,
It runs as follows: Gullible users receive an e-mail (or a phone call), are told that his credit card information is being stolen, and then let him quickly dial a phone number. This phone will have computer-made voice prompts, let him enter credit card number and other authentication information and so on.
Security Policy for VoIP
Have you ever heard of the latest VoIP fishing trick-vishing's notoriety?
With the decrease in the cost of using VoIP, family and individual users are receiving more and more requests for using Vonage (or other similar products). As VoIP Communication continues to grow in the area of home calls, in addition, open source code projects are becoming more and more powerful. Based on this background and environment, Asterisk is a new product that can replace traditional PBX and is sui
VoIP is the future direction, but it is not always better. At the VoIP Summit held by the Association of higher education and communication experts (ACUTA) recently, the participating expert groups agreed that saving money is no longer the purpose of deploying VoIP in colleges and universities, the new demand is to explore integrated communication and recognize t
Data Packets transmitted in the MPLS network can have multiple labels. Generally, there is only one label for data transmission in the MPLS network, and there are two labels in the mpls vpn. This is the label stack, they are called the top label and the bottom stack label respectively. The inner layer label should be the bottom stack label, and the outer layer la
MPLS: Multiprotocol label Switching. What exactly is MPLS ?1, MPLS Overview: The use of label forwarding instead of traditional routing and forwarding, greatly improve the forwarding rate, and MPLS in traffic engineering and QoS areas are of great use.2. Tags: MPLS uses tags
Absrtact: Broadband IP metropolitan Area network, routing planning and design is the core link. In the beginning of the network, must be integrated planning. According to the construction of the metropolitan area Network, the routing strategy based on Bgp/mpls VPN is adopted, which is proved to be feasible by practice.
Key words: BGP MPLS VPN IP Routing strategy
1 Broadband metropolitan Area Network overv
How to enable the MPLS module#Modprobe Mpls_routerModprobe MPLS_GSOModprobe Mpls_iptunnelSysctl-w net.mpls.conf.lo.input=1Sysctl-w net.mpls.platform_labels=1048575How to create the virtual interface and bridge interface#IP link Add veth0 type Veth peer name Veth1IP link Add brm type bridgeIP link set eth1 master BRMIP link set veth0 master BRMIP addr Add 192.168.23.99/24 dev BRMIP addr Add 192.168.23.100/24 dev Veth0IP link Set BRM upIP link Set veth0
When the MPLS network is troubleshooting, it should follow from the control plane and the network plane to troubleshoot.
Let's take a look at what two planes do.
Above is the control plane, below is the network plane.
From the forwarding plane is the network plane, there will only be two kinds of messages, inbound for the IP packet, and inbound for the MPLS tag packet, then the corresponding two messag
Absrtact: In recent years, with the development of technology VoIP gradually replaces the traditional long-distance business of the corresponding demand for VoIP business monitoring is also applied.
At present, more equipment is often through the router firewall and other modified but to meet the OC192 wire speed requirements of the equipment is often very high for the entire network of comprehensive monit
What is Question:pushkit?Answer:ios8 Apple introduced a new framework called Pushkit and a new push notification type, called VoIP push. The push method is designed to provide the ability to differentiate from normal APNs push. This push allows the app to execute the code (before it pops up to the user), and the default behavior of the notification differs from the APNS notification, which does not pop up notifications in its default behavior. At pres
At present, the MPLS fast rerunning technology is widely used. We believe that with the development of the communication industry, the MPLS fast rerunning technology will be more comprehensive and stable, bringing users a good network environment. To meet real-time applications such as video conferencing and television services, LSP protection capabilities similar to traditional SDHAPS must be provided for
1. With the advances in hardware technology and the creation of high-speed routers and three-layer switches, MPLS has had little meaning to increase the speed of forwarding. However, MPLS has been widely used in virtual private network, traffic engineering, QoS and so on because of its support of tag stack and connection-oriented characteristics. MPLS Label switc
The previous document has already learned the information dissemination through OSPF, also introduced the CSPF and path's establishment RSVP work principle.
What should we do next?
You can forward customer data traffic along the tunnel interface in three ways:
Static routing routes
Policy Routing Policy Routing
Automatic routing Autoroute
So to be more blunt, this piece of content is the final phase of Te Tunnel, the key to the key. Just imagine, through arduous, established a te tunnel, b
In March 1999, the Internet Task Force (IETF) published a RFC2547 by Cisco, describing a way for operators to provide virtual private network (VPN) services to users through an IP backbone network. This method uses an extended BGP (Boundary routing protocol) to distribute VPN routing information through the carrier backbone network, and uses Multiprotocol token switching (MPLS) to forward VPN traffic between the VPN user sites. The main purpose of thi
In the HUB-AND-SPOKE environment of mpls vpn, for the sake of security AND cost, the branches are not interconnected, AND the access between the branches must go through the firewall of the headquarters, both the security effect and the cost are saved.The experiment topology is as follows:Due to the existence of the downstream bits and domain tags in the anti-ring mechanism of OSPF, the route may not be received in the outbound VRF of r6. therefore, t
MPLS (Multi-propocol Label Switching) is a Multi-Protocol Label exchange.MPLS is a third-generation network architecture and a new generation of IP High-Speed Backbone Network Exchange Standard, proposed by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet Engineering Task Group, led by Cisco, ascend, 3Com, and other network equipment manufacturers.MPLS is an integrated IP over ATM technology. It combines routing functions on Frame Relay and ATM switch,
Background information
One feature of VoIP-type apps is the need to keep running in the background to be able to receive incoming calls at any time. Because of this special mechanism that the system provides to the VoIP process, we are unable to completely kill the VoIP process by killing command directly. For more detailed information on this point, refer to th
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