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\):The chain rules are updated as follows:\[\begin{split}\frac{c_0}{\partial \omega_{jk}^{(L)}}= \frac{\partial z_j^{(L)}}{\partial \omega_{jk}^{(l)}}\ Frac{\partial a_j^{(L)}}{\partial z_j^{(l)}}\frac{\partial c_0}{\partial a_j^{(L)}}\=a^{l-1}_k \sigma\prime (z^ {(l)}_j) 2 (a^{(l)}_j-y_j) \end{split}\]And to push this formula to other layers ( \frac{c}{\partial \omega_{jk}^{(L)}}\) , only the \ (\frac{\partial c}{\partial a_j^{) in the formula is required ( L)}}\) .Summarized as follows:Therefo
5.1 Cost FunctionSuppose the training sample is: {(x1), Y (1)), (x (2), Y (2)),... (x (m), Y (m))}L = Total No.of layers in NetworkSl= no,of units (not counting bias unit) in layer LK = number of output units/classesThe neural network, L = 4,S1 = 3,s2 = 5,S3 = 5, S4 = 4Cost function for logistic regression:The cost function of a neural network: 5.2 Reverse Propagation Algorithm backpropagationA popular ex
training:Eventually:Look at the weights for each unit, sort of like a number template.Why the simple learning algorithm is insufficienta The layer network with a winner in the top layer are equivalent to have a rigid template for each shape., Haven Winner is the template, which has the biggest overlap with the ink.the ways in which hand-written digits vary is much too complicated to being captured by simple template matches of whole s Hapes.–to captu
Discovery modeThe linear model and the neural network principle and the goal are basically consistent, the difference manifests in the derivation link. If you are familiar with the linear model, the neural network will be well understood, the model is actually a function from input to output, we want to use these models to find patterns in the data, to discover the existence of the function dependencies, of
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The tenth lecture of Professor Geoffery Hinton, neuron Networks for machine learning, describes how to combine the model and further introduces the complete Bayesian approach from a practical point of view. Why it helps to combine models
In this section, we discuss why you should combine many
+ b.tC. C = a.t + bD. C = a.t + b.t9. Please consider the following code: C results? (If you are unsure, run this lookup in Python at any time). AA = Np.random.randn (3, 3= NP.RANDOM.RANDN (3, 1= a*bA. This will trigger the broadcast mechanism, so B is copied three times, becomes (3,3), * represents the matrix corresponding element multiplied, so the size of C will be (3, 3)B. This will trigger the broadcast mechanism, so B is duplicated three times, becomes (3, 3), * represents matrix multipli
http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/4397356Machine learning machines Learning-andrew NG Courses Study notesNeural Networks Representation Neural network representationnon-linear Hypotheses Nonlinear hypothesisNeurons and the brain neurons and brainsModel representation models representExamples and intuitions
learning.• It is hard-to-say what's the aim of unsupervised learning is.–one Major aim is to create a internal representation of the input that's useful for subsequent supervised or reinforce ment Learning.–you can compute the distance to a surface by using the disparity between the images. But your don ' t want to learn to compute disparities by stubbing your t
This article mainly introduces the knowledge of Perceptron, uses the theory + code practice Way, and carries out the learning of perceptual device. This paper first introduces the Perceptron model, then introduces the Perceptron learning rules (Perceptron learning algorithm), finally through the Python code to achieve a single layer perceptron, so that readers a
weight vector and the input vector are not more than 90 degrees, so their point set is positive, so the correct result can be obtained. Conversely, if we have a weighted value such as red, on the wrong side, with an input angle of more than 90 degrees,The weighted value and the input point set are negative, less than 0, so the perceptron will say no, or 0, in this case the wrong answer.Another example, the correct result is 0.In this example, any weight vector with input less than 90 degrees ge
equivalent ways to write the equations for a binary threshold neuron:Rectified Linear neurons(sometimes called linear threshold neurons)They compute a linear weighted sum of their inputs.The output is a non-linear function of the total inputSigmoid neurons this neuron is often usedThese give a real-valued output is a smooth and bounded function of the their total input.–typically They use the logistic function–they has nice smooth derivatives, the derivatives change continuously and they ' re n
numerals. For example: The first neuron (representing 0) output value = 1, the other 2. What is the hidden layer doing? One possible explanation: Assume that the 1th neuron of the hidden layer is only used to detect the presence of the following image:each neuron in the hidden layer learns different parts:Decision:toward deep learning (toward Deepin learning)1. Deep Ne
neural network by yourself = I am using it
Write neural networks by yourself = give the program an IQ
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Learning Goals
Understand the convolution operation
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Build a convolutional neural network for Image Multi-Class classification
"Chinese Translation"Learning GoalsUndersta
Source: Michael Nielsen's "Neural Network and Deep leraning"This section translator: Hit Scir master Xu Zixiang (Https://github.com/endyul)Disclaimer: We will not periodically serialize the Chinese translation of the book, if you need to reprint please contact [email protected], without authorization shall not be reproduced."This article is reproduced from" hit SCIR "public number, reprint has obtained consent. "
Using
-cognitive machines, the visual fuzzy quantity brought by C-element in the photosensitive region of each S-element is normally distributed. If the edge of the photosensitive region produces a blurring effect larger than the center, the s-element will accept greater deformation tolerance resulting from this non-normal blur. What we want to get is that the difference between the training pattern and the effect of the deformation stimulation pattern on the edge of the sensing field and its center i
, get S2: Feature map width, high to the original 1/2, that is, 28/2=14, feature map size into 14x14, the number of feature maps is unchanged.Then the second convolution, using 16 convolution cores, obtained the feature map of C3:16 Zhang 10x10.Then the next sampling, get S4: The feature map width, high to the original 1/2, that is, the 10/2=5, the feature map size into 5x5, the number of feature map is unchanged.After entering the convolution layer c5,120 Zhang 1x1 full connection feature map,
UFLDL Learning notes and programming Jobs: convolutional neural Network (convolutional neural Networks)UFLDL out a new tutorial, feel better than before, from the basics, the system is clear, but also programming practice.In deep learning high-quality group inside listen to
$ = 1 (The purpose is to omit the bias entry).Our example here is that the value of the latter layer is determined only by the value of the previous layer, which, of course, is not necessarily a definite one. As long as there is no feedback structure, it can be counted as the forward neural network. So here is the derivation except for a structure called the skip layer, where the current layer is not determined by the previous layer, but by the values
these matrices, and the θ superscript (j) becomes a wave matrix that controls the action from the first layer to the second or second to the third layer. The first hidden unit calculates its value in this way: A (2) 1 equals the S function or S-excitation function, also called the logical excitation function, which acts on the linear combination of this input. The second hidden unit equals the value of the S function on this linear combination. The parameter matrix controls the mapping from thr
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