pdu ccna

subnet; the last IP address that can be assigned to the PC; The subnet's broadcast address.Two. The number of IP addresses required for each subnet is known1. Calculate the number of bits required for the host part (2 of the n is slightly larger than the number of IP, n is the host bit)2.32-host bits = = number of network bits3. Calculate subnet mask for subnets4. Reach the subnet segment (network address)5. The first IP address that can be assigned to a PC under each subnet; the last IP addres

. Trunk between switches2. All switches establish the same VLAN, (VTP)3. Each switch strokes the interface into the appropriate VLAN4. Configuring Layer 3 Information (IP)VtpVTP is used to unify the creation and deletion of VLAN information.VTP3 mode:Server: Can add, remove VLANs, learn VLAN information, transmit VLAN information to other peopleClient: Can not add, delete VLAN, can learn VLAN information from server, pass the learning information to othersTransparent: You can only add and delete

control lists can be used to overcome this shortcoming.(7) The invocation of the list. An access control list can be used on many different interfaces of the same router, and there is no need to define an access control list with different table numbers and identical content for each interface that needs it. If you do not provide any access control lists to the interface, or provide an undefined access control list, it will pass all traffic by default. If you want the access control list to be

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ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/48/84 MS From the above, we can see that through the deployment of layer-3 switching technology, the host between VLANs can communicate with each other. This experiment is complete. [PL1]Disable layer-3 routing to simulate hosts. [PL2]Define the default gateway. [PL3]Enable the layer-3 routing function. By default, the layer-3 Switch disables the routing function. To enable int

This section lets us learn the next Frame RelayFrame Relay in CCNA's exams and daily work are seldom useful, but we still want to know, it is after all a CCNA in the focus.Frame Relay (Frames relay)Also referred to as FRFrame Relay is an important WAN technology, its main function is to connect two or more long-distance LAN. Frame Relay is mainly a packet switching technology, usually we just want to know how to connect LAN through Frame Relay and lon

CCNA Study Notes (ii)--Initial knowledge of Cisco devicesIn the previous chapter we recognized the fundamentals of networking, and now we are formally exposed to Cisco devices.1, first we first understand the main components of a Cisco device:ROM (read-only memory): mainly save the post software, save the router boot boot program.RAM (random memory): loss of data, can store configuration files. >>> equivalent to PC memoryNVRAM (non-volatile memory): p

=" QQ picture 20151020101536.jpg "alt=" Wkiol1ylo_rjgijzaaepa7jl9fc124.jpg "/>Indicates the last agreement. Layer Transport Layer: port number; Layer Network layer: TCP UDP; Layer Network access layer: IP (0800)Each layer of the PDU (Protocol data Unit) communicates with each other using its own layer of protocols and each other's corresponding layers.The information that the protocols in each layer interact at the peer level are called Protocol data

reasons? Verify with one command (20 points)an easier way to directly sh int sx/x See is not the physical up protocol down, you can see the LCP stateNetwork Fundamentals 8) write out a typical PDU package format containing 4 layers 3 layers 2 layers.Destination mac. Source Mac | Source IP. Destination IP |Source port. Destination Port | DATA 10) How many bits share population the transport layer? How many bits does the network layer IP occupy?H

'/////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////'Validate the Validity Function of the parameter.'Legal return "true", illegal return "false"'1. A single character cannot be sent. 2. The mobile phone number must be a number.

Dim Tep as String Dim Temp as String Dim I as Integer Dim B as Integer Dim Rems as String TEP = rmsg i = Len (TEP) If I B = I/2 If i = B * 2 Then Tep = Left (TEP, B * 2) Else B = B-1 Tep = Left (TEP, B * 2) End If Chg7 = "" Rems = "" Dim Trint

Public Function encode7bit (byval content as string) as string'PrepareDim chararray as char () = content. tochararrayDim C as charDim t as stringFor each C in chararrayT = charto7bits (c) + TNext'Add "0"Dim I as integerIf (T. Length mod 8) <> 0

Address: http://www.wangchao.net.cn/bbsdetail_50338.html   Using system;Using system. Collections. Generic;Using system. LINQ;Using system. text; Namespace smstest{/// /// By popcorn 2004.5.// Cnpopcorn@hotmail.com/// Public class cntext{Public

'With decode encode Function analyze (recmsg as string) as BooleanDim Tel as string, MSG as string, time as stringAnalyze = analyzerecmsg (buffer, tel, MSG, time)If analyze = true then'User ProcessingMobiletel. Text = TelSendmsg. Text = msg'Label1.

Routing protocols are used for router selection paths and for managing routing tables, which support routable protocols by sharing routing information between routers. Routing information is passed between neighboring routers to ensure that all

Enter "? The Show all HelpEnter the command? The show full command wordEnter the command? "Show command-available parameter informationPress "TABLE" to complete the command all wordsPress "up or down" to show used commandsPress "CTRL + Z" to leave

CDP protocol: Cisco Discovery ProtocolShow CDPShow CPD Neighbors: see which Cisco devices are connected to the current deviceCDP timer: Modify send interval timeCDP Holdtime: Modify retention timeCDP advertise-2: Modify version numberDebug CDP

Network devices (routers, switches, firewalls, and so on) require an operating system as well as computers. Network devices use a dedicated operating system, collectively known as iOS (Internetwork Operating system, network operating system).(1)

Seven-layer protocol and related instructionsPhysical layer Device: hub, Repeater, encoder-decoder, transmission media connectorHubs connect devices that share the same bandwidth in the same conflict domain, the same broadcast domain.Data Link Layer: