Three main object-oriented features in Java: Encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and keyword instanceof1. Package:Using the private keyword, so that the outside world can not directly access the properties of the class;Provide setter and Getter methods for setup and acquisition;Benefits: Enhance the security of the program, so that the outside world can not access directly, but also to set the propert
is an array of classes, by determining the length of the passed parameter can be accessed to the value of the parameter list. Polymorphic definition: means that objects of different classes are allowed to respond to the same message. That is, the same message can be used in a variety of different ways depending on the sending object. The white point is that a parent class is inherited by multiple subclasses, and then multiple subclasses can add their different properties and methods. functio
The basic features of object-oriented language C ++ are encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. In fact, these can also be implemented in C language.
Encapsulation can be implemented by struct, and inheritance can be implemented by inclusion.CodeIt focuses on how to use C to realize C ++ polymorphism.
Usin
Encapsulation: Hides some information about a class inside a class, does not allow external programs to access directly, but instead uses the methods provided by the class to manipulate hidden information1. Modify the visibility of the properties of the class and restrict it by private;2. Perform the appropriate action on the property by the specified methodInheritance: Inheritance in Java is a single inheritance, inheriting the properties and methods
When learning Api,mfc, we see the important nature of C + +. Prior to the understanding of encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, read in the "Understanding of MFC," a Book of the exposition, the three concepts have a deeper understanding. To prevent yourself from forgetting, write down this summary.Packaging
Object-oriented, that is, "all objects."
Describe the properties of an object, that
show different patterns.* Four, single case design modeThe singleton mode is also called a single-state modeYou can guarantee that a class can have only one instance of an objectKey points of implementation:The ① constructor is privatized and does not allow objects to be created with the New keyword.② provides methods for getting objects, determines whether an object is empty in a method, creates an object if it is empty, and returns if it is not empty.The properties of the ③ instance object an
function.
However, if a function is put out, it will be called without any restrictions.
Prototype ):
The external attributes and methods are put into the prototype object through the prototype attributes. Study = function () {alert ("study ");}
Methods and properties in the prototype can only be called by instances of the corresponding object..This also plays the role of encapsulation, and encapsulation i
, it can cause polymorphism.Polymorphism is an important feature of OOP, which is mainly used to implement dynamic linking, in other words, the final state of a program is determined only during the execution process and not during compilation. This can improve the flexibility and scalability of the system for large systems.Polymorphism is the polymorphism of the method, and the attribute is not polymorphic.There are 3 prerequisites for polymorphic ex
This article mainly introduces three main features of Javascript Based on objects, including encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. If you are interested, you can refer to the three features of Javascript Based on objects and C ++, java object-oriented features are the same as those of encapsulation, inheritance, and p
lowercase, Uppercase Error "Class a{Public Function test () {Echo ' A_test ';}}Class B extends a{Public Function __construct () {Both of these methods are OKA::test ();Parent::test ();}}$b =new B ();5, if the method of a subclass (derived class) is exactly the same as the method of the parent class (public,protected), we are called method overrides or method overrides (override) to see the polymorphism belowIii. PolymorphismCases:Copy CodeThe code is
class's member variables, can only be used in this class, through the set, get methods to provide access to the external portalBenefits: 1. Access to data only by means of the specified method2. Hide the specific implementation details of the class3. Easy to modify the implementation4. Easy to join control statements(v) Polymorphism:polymorphic constituent conditions: 1. To have class inheritance2. To have a method of rewriting3. A reference to the parent class object to the child classLook at
that certain methods must be provided in these classes.2, definition: interface keyword.3. Basic syntax: [modifier] Interface Interface Name [extends parent interface 1, parent Interface 2 ...]{???? 0 to more constant definitions ...???? 0 to the definition of multiple abstract methods ...}4. Constants/methods: The attributes in the interface are constants, even if the public static final modifier is not added to the definition, the system is automatically added.5, using interface: A class can
JS is a very flexible language, do not talk about polymorphism (or that it is polymorphic)PackagingConcept:Closed part, no direct access to the outside worldIndirect access to private parts through open sectionsExample:Not encapsulated: All properties of the constructor are openfunction Girl (NAME,BF) { this. Name = name; this. bf = BF;} var New Girl ("Lin Daiyu", "Jiabaoyu" + "Love" + GIRL.BF); // lin Daiyu love Jia BaoyuEncapsulation: Encaps
Data encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism are the three main characteristics of object-oriented.Data encapsulation:In a class, such as the student class (initialization and name and score two properties), each instance has its own name,score of the data. We can access this data through functions, such as printing a student's score. Directly define an output function, output name and corresponding sco
the following class, or an inheritance relationship with the following class, or it will cause a compilation error.2, usually first use instance to determine whether an object can be coerced type conversion, and then forced type conversion, thus guaranteeing the correctness of the program.7. Initialize the code block: Initializes a class or an instance.Syntax: "modifier" {Initialize code block}; Note: Modifiers can only be static, or can be omitted.Features: No name, so cannot be referenced, as
($s); */Encapsulation of the second assignment output/* $s->age = 20;Var_dump ($s); */Value output/* $s->age = 20;Echo $s->age; */Object-oriented instancesEg: a large circle contains a small circle, a circle radius of 10, a small circle radius of 5, the area of the circle minus the small circle.Class circle{Public $r;Public $area;Public $cir;Public Function area () {return 3.14* $this->r* $this->r;}Public Function Cir () {return 2*3.14* $this->r;}Pub
and does not represent the class
(2) Inheritance:
Concept: Subclasses can inherit everything from the parent class
Feature: Single inheritance A subclass can have only one parent class, and a parent class may have multiple subclasses (all parent classes are object)
Base keyword
Sealed keywords: Sealed class This class cannot be inherited
Part of class: Partial can split a class into multiple parts, and put them in multiple files
namespace namespaces are equivalent to virtual folders
(3)
1. EncapsulationIn many object-oriented languages, object encapsulation is implemented with syntax parsing, which may provide keywords such as private,public,protected to control access rights.However, JavaScript does not provide these keywords and can only change the scope of variables by closures to implement encapsulation characteristicsPrivate variables. Use closures to implement a private variable var
new method of subclass cannot be called.
Downward Transformation
The premise for downward transformation is that the parent class has been transformed up; otherwise, compilation errors may occur,
Parent Class Object = new subclass ()
Subobj = object;
I am still studying. I try to write an article every week during my study. The above sections are my personal notes and online search. Due to the large number of learning tasks and insufficient personal language organization skills, if there is an
; } Age=NewAge;}//implementation of the Get method- (int) age{returnAge ;}- (void) study{NSLog (@"students at the age of%d are studying", age);//the use of age here can be accessed directly even when declaring member variables without writing @public (the object method can directly access member variables)}@endintMain () {Student*stu = [StudentNew]; //assigning a member variable inside an object by calling the Set method[Stu setage:-Ten]; [Stu Study]; //since there is no @public this is c
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