Take a look at the following section of code:
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origin = {‘a‘:100,‘b‘:[1,2,34,5]}obj_copy ={};print origin;obj_copy[‘key1‘]= origin;obj_copy[‘key2‘]= origin;print(obj_copy)print(‘我们试图改变obj_copy中某个Key值的内容‘)obj_copy[‘key1‘][‘a‘] = 10000print(obj_copy)obj_copy[‘key1‘][‘b‘] ="hello"print(obj_copy)print(‘----------------------‘)obj_copy[‘key1‘]={‘a‘:100,‘b‘:[1,3,4,56,3]}print(obj_copy) print(origin)#输出结果发生了改变
Let's talk about the meaning of this piece
* Variable without prior declaration* variable does not need to specify type* Programmer does not have a relationship with memory management* Variable name will be recycled* Del can release resources directly1.python uses a reference call instead of a value call, and the recycling algorithm he uses is a reference counting algorithm, and I'll give you two examples belowx = 4y = 4aList = [1, 2, 3]blist = [1,
This example describes how Python uses Cstringio to implement temporary memory file access. Share to everyone for your reference. The specific analysis is as follows:
If you want to read files from the network, but do not want to save the file to the hard disk, you can use the Cstringio module for processing
res = Urllib2.urlopen (pic,timeout=10) F = Cstringio.stringio (Res.read ())
F is a file object
650) this.width=650; "src="/img/fz.gif "alt=" Copy Code "style=" border:0px; "/>importmmapmmap_file=none# #从内存中读取信息, Defread_mmap_info (): globalmmap_filemmap_file.seek (0) ## Convert the binary to String info_str=mmap_file.read (). Translate (none,b ' \x00 '). Decode () print (INFO_STR) # #如果内存中没有对应信息, writes the information to memory for the next call to use Defget_mmap_info (): globalmmap_file# #第二个参数1024是设定的内存大小, units: bytes. If you have more co
This article mainly introduces some examples of a memory monitoring program using the Flask framework of Python combined with MySQL, and can display the results in a simple graphical way, for more information about how to monitor memory usage, see the following demo program.
I. create databases and tables
Create a falcon database:
mysql> create database falcon
be extracted by an array named key;The Savetxt (), Loadtxt () function can read and write a text file that holds a one-dimensional and two-dimensional array, outputs the text separated by the spacer, specifies the spacer by the delimiter parameter, and the default output is in the form of '%.18e ', separated by a space by default.4. Memory-mapped arraysCreates a memory-mapped array from a file that reads t
This article mainly introduces some examples of a memory monitoring program using the Flask framework of Python combined with MySQL, and can display the results in a simple graphical way, for more information about how to monitor memory usage, see the following demo program.
I. create databases and tables
Create a falcon database:
mysql> create database falcon
Recording:After a script is running continuously, the use of memory becomes larger, and manually adding Gc.collect () After the loop is not useful.Try the method:Remove global variables passed in as arguments in all functionsUse a global Redis object, no longer passed in as a parameterAt the end of the loop use Del to explicitly delete the variable generated in the variable loop, and then call Gc.collect ()RefHttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/201738
#id Query the memory address. name= ' Alex 'Print (ID (name))name1= ' Alex 'name2= ' Alex 'print (name1==name2)# = Assignment Operation = = comparison Value is the same#is内存地址是否相同 #小数据池. int str within a certain range, if two values are the same, in order to save memory, share a memory address. # str 1. A non-alphabetic element is not a small data pool. # int-5~~
processesPgrep + process name as long as PID modeKill-9 +pid No.Triple binary package management (RPM yum)1 Test hard disk write speed if =/dev/zero (empty file can be taken from data to write) of=/a.txt BS =1g count=1Roughly the size of the data under the test root.2 How to install packages in LinuxCD packages/rpm-IVH +Package name vsftpd Tab complement rpm-qi +Package Name view other specific information rpm-QL +Package name view with package about where the file is placed rpm-QA See how many
convenient way to make it easier for us to use shorter module names.In this case, it also allows us to switch to another module (Cpickle or pickle) by simply changing one line! InThe rest of the program, we simply refer to this module as P.To store an object in a file, first open a file object in write mode, and then call the dump function of the storage module toAs stored in the open file. This process is called storage .Next, we use the return of the load function of the Pickle module to retr
The example in this article describes how Python uses Cstringio to implement temporary memory file access. Share to everyone for your reference. The specific analysis is as follows:
If you want to read a file from the network for processing, but do not want to save the file to the hard disk, you can use the Cstringio module for processing
res = Urllib2.urlopen (pic,timeout=10)
f = Cstringio.stringio (
shallow copy copies only the parent object: >>> ID (a[3]) 139712704967456>>> ID (c[3]) 139712704967456>>> ID (a[4]) 139712705357456#注意上述可变类型的子对象地址空间未改变,Call the Copy.deepcopy module for copy deep copy>>> d = copy.deepcopy (a)View address space>>> ID (a) 139712705065616>>> ID (d) 139712705065688>>> ID (a[3]) 139712704967456>> > ID (d[3]) 139712705068640 #此处是不一致的To add a value to a sequence:>>> a.append (' e ') >>> a[1, 2, 3, [' A ', ' B ', ' d ', ' d '], ' d ', ' E ']>>> d[1, 2, 3, [' A ', ' B
Solve the memory leakage caused by misuse of the logging module in Python, pythonlogging
First, let's introduce how to find it. The online project log is sent to syslog through the logging module. After a while, we found that the syslog UDP connection exceeded 8 W, which is 8 W. this is mainly because the logging module is not used properly.
We previously had such a requirement that the current connection i
This article mainly introduces some examples of a memory monitoring program using the Flask framework of Python combined with MySQL, and can display the results in a simple graphical way, for more information about how to monitor memory usage, see the following demo program.
I. create databases and tables
Create a falcon database:
mysql> create database falcon
First you enter a string, the string is size, the computer puts it in memory, automatically give it a starting pointer to the first position of the string, and then you assign the string to a variable, the object in memory to open up a space, This variable automatically joins the pointer to the starting position of the string, and then you assign the variable to the variable 2, and the
The variable is equivalent to the house number, when the house number is not, that is, the function reference is not called, the memory data will be erased. Python has a timer, periodically refresh, if you find that the data in memory is referenced, it will be recycled, this is the memory of the recovery mechanismFrom
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