Introduction to Python's shallow copy, deep copy, and reference mechanism, and introduction to python's Reference Mechanism
I encountered some problems this week and realized that if the basic knowledge has not been consolidated for a period of time, I still need to review it. Here I will take a note and record it.
Prefix
First, briefly describe the problem encountered. The requirement is to write two print
ObjectiveAchieve the optimization purpose of the deferred copy (lazy copy). Similar to deferred initialization (lazy initialization), the choice is more effective at the right time.Alias
COW (Copy-on-write)
Lazy Copy
MotivationCopying objects can sometimes result in a performance penalty (performance
Copy Implementation method
Copy
will only produce immutable replica objects (such as NSString)
Mutablecopy
Only a mutable copy object (such as nsmutablestring) is generated
To use copy, you must follow the protocol and implement the Copywithzone method
-(ID) Copywithzone: (Nszon
One, why use copy new when new objects are created, is going to cost a great deal. In order to solve this problem java provides Span style= "font-family: ' Consolas ';" >cloneable this excuse. The class that implements this excuse has the ability to be copied, and the copy is done in memory, rather than through the We know that a copy has a depth, w
Before understanding the depth of JS copy, I think it is necessary to mention about value passing and reference passing.In JS, the copy of the base type value is passed by value, while the copy of the reference type value is passed by reference. Value-passing copied objects are not implicated, independent of each other, but the objects that refer to replication a
Copy constructor, not byte-to-byte copy, but member-to-member copyconstructor, a parameter is a reference to a classThat's right1#include 2#include string>3 using namespacestd;4 5 Static intObjectcount =0;6 7 classHowmany8 {9 Public:TenHowmany () {objectcount++; print ("Howmany ()"); }//constructor, no arguments OneHowmany (inti) {objectcount++; print ("howmany (int)"); }//constructor, the argument is an i
One, shallow copy, deep copyA shallow copy copies a member variable in an object: if it is a basic type, the copy is the value of the base type, and if the property is a memory address (reference type), the memory address is copied;Deep Copy, in addition to the basic type, the object referenced by the reference type is
Control object Copy, assignment, destructorCopy constructor, move constructorCopy assignment operator, move assignment operatorDestructors--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------1. Copy constructor: The parameter must be a reference type , typically a constThe 1th parameter of a
1. For basic data TypesIts value occupies a fixed amount of space in memory and is stored in the stack memory. When a variable copies the value of a base type to another variable, a copy of the value is created, and we cannot add attributes to the value of the base data type. It is a deep copy.2. For reference typesShallow copy:
Recently, colleagues have encountered the issue of the depth of the copy and assignment, today I also study the record, deepen the memory.To give a simple example:var people = {Age:10,Name: "Xiao Hua",arr:[1,2,3]};To do an assignment operation:var people2 = people;Then do a shallow copy operation:var people3 = {};for (var i in people) {People3[i] = People[i]};And then finally do a deep
in Java incorporate the object class by default, and a clone () method is provided in the object class. The purpose of this method is to return a copy of an object. This copy function returns a new object instead of an application. So how do you use this method? The following are steps for using the Clone () method.
1, the implementation of the Clone () class, the first need to integrate the Cloneable inte
In this article we will learn about the Python dictionary
python copy functionThe relevant knowledge,
python copyWhat it means is that what he does will be answered in the next article.
Summary description
The Python dictionary (Dictionary) copy () function returns a shallow copy of a dictionary.
Grammar
Copy () metho
Original blog: http://blog.csdn.net/qq_29329775/article/details/49516247There has been a recent error in doing algorithm jobs because there is no clear distinction between deep replication and shallow replication of Java collections.1. First, the understanding of shallow copy and deep copy of the Java collection objectA normal collection copy simply copies the ad
---restore content starts--- Span style= "Background-color: #3366ff" > numbers and strings , N Bsp , NB Sp , NB Sp , NB Sp , NB Sp Both the numbers and the memory in the string point to the same address, so deep copies and shallow copies are meaningless to them.Import Copya = 123 #赋值print (ID (a)) #输出存储变量的地址b = Aprint (ID (b)) B = Copy.copy (a) #浅拷贝print (ID
"138-copy list with random Pointer (copy of single-linked list with random pointers)""leetcode-Interview algorithm classic-java Implementation" "All topics Directory Index"Original QuestionA linked list is given such this each node contains an additional random pointer which could point to all node in the list or null.Return a deep copy of the list.Main TopicA si
Take the string class as an example:650) this.width=650; "src=" Http://s2.51cto.com/wyfs02/M00/7D/3E/wKioL1bjlczjmUcPAAA0DnKyOK0378.png "title=" 1.PNG " alt= "Wkiol1bjlczjmucpaaa0dnkyok0378.png"/>A bit copy is a copy of the address, and the value copy copies the contents.If you define a string class, two objects are str1,str2. Str1._str and Str2._str point to a s
1. Implement the Click button to copy the contents of the text box1 11 2. Copy the theme address and URL address to the friend on Qq/msn1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Ten 3. Direct Copy URLPress CTRL + C to copy the codePress CTRL + C to copy the code4. When you click on the
[C/C ++ school] 0730-website and backdoor/structure alignment, structure interview analysis/deep copy and light copy/queue/string Encapsulation?? Websites and webshells
Install the Apache server software on Windwos for testing. Localhost
Change the executable program xxx.exe to xxx. cgi and place it on the apache server for access through a browser.
# Define _ CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS # include
# Incl
Http://www.cnblogs.com/biyeymyhjob/archive/2012/07/20/2601655.htmlFrom online materialsA glimpse of cow technology:In a Linux program, fork () produces a child process that is exactly the same as the parent process, but the child process will then be called by the Exec system, and for efficiency reasons, the "copy-on-write" technique is introduced in Linux, that is, when the content of the segments of the process space is changed, The contents of the
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