sdh mux

different from the access to the optical line, is the light signal. For the conversion of photoelectric signal in WAN and the conversion of interface protocol, access router is WAN access. Photoelectric transceiver is the conversion of photoelectric signal in LAN, but only signal conversion, there is no interface protocol conversion. Application range of Light cat Just Ethernet optical cat, mainly applied to distance super, more than 20KM, the middle need to pass

Switching) is an efficient IP backbone network technology platform. It provides a flexible and scalable backbone network Switching technology for the next generation of IP networks. The use of MPLS technology will greatly improve network operation efficiency, achieve QoS division for IP network services, and rationally allocate network resources through traffic engineering to implement restricted routing, MPLS networks also provide efficient VPN services and real-time services. IP over

Next we will study the advantages of all-optical switches. They can easily expand to the interconnection, grid-like and ring-like hybrid networks, and grid-shaped networks, which cannot be achieved by some common switches. At present, operators are keen to adopt a new smart optical network based on the new generation of optical devices. A typical example is an all-optical switching device. All-optical switches have evolved from simple optical mechanical devices to high-speed optical devices with

and transmits them at a rate of 2.048 Mbps. The price varies depending on the number of transmission E1 ports. Generally, the minimum optical terminal can transmit four E1 instances. Currently, the maximum optical terminal can transmit 4032 E1 instances. Optical transceiver is divided into three categories: PDH, SPDH, and SDH.PDHPlesiochronous Digital Hierarchy, quasi-synchronous Digital series) optical transceiver is a small-capacity optical transceiver, which is usually used in pairs and is a

optical fiber resources in the man are getting increasingly tight, so as to meet the customer's activation requirements as soon as possible and seize market share. Now, based on the geographical location of new customers and the features of activated services, a communication company is building a man in the sandarea area of Chongqing, in light of the shortage of optical fiber resources in the local network, the corresponding emergency solutions for optical fiber configuration are used as examp

With the gradual application of smart optical network ASON, the transmission network will gradually increase the number of intelligent network elements. As operators have invested heavily in the traditional SDH network, in order to protect the original investment and realize the smooth evolution of the traditional optical transmission network to ASON, the intelligent network and traditional devices will coexist for a long time, the interoperability be

With the rapid growth of data, video, and mobile communication services, large-particle businesses surge. Traditional SDH systems cannot meet the demand for rapid growth of large-particle businesses, however, the wavelength division network is the most cost-effective transmission network for bit transmission. It has advantages unmatched by other technologies in large-particle bandwidth transmission solutions. Due to the characteristics of data service

features such as multi-link binding and nested LSP. The advantage of GMPLS is that it can provide cross-network traffic engineering, business recovery and protection integration, and rapid business deployment. The bandwidth of the transmission network increases with the increase of user requirements. More and more DWDM devices and optical switching devices will be deployed on the core network, the original SDH, IP, and ATM devices will be migrated to

provides service and fault isolation, added new features such as multi-link binding and nested LSP. The advantage of GMPLS is that it can provide cross-network traffic engineering, business recovery and protection integration, and rapid business deployment. The bandwidth of the transmission network increases with the increase of user requirements. More and more DWDM devices and optical switching devices will be deployed on the core network, the original SDH