Traditional telecommunication networks are designed for voice transmission. They use TDM and circuit exchange technology. They are not suitable for IP data transmission and video transmission. To meet the needs of voice, data, and video integration in the future, it is necessary to build a broadband integrated man. This section introduces three new man technologies and their applications.
Man technology using POS + SDH/WDM
Optical Fiber Communicatio
Ethernet is the most widely used local area network transmission mode, it uses baseband transmission, through twisted pair and transmission equipment, realize 10m/100m network transmission, application is very extensive, the technology is quite mature. Ethernet is widely accepted as the preferred scheme of broadband access for its low cost, simple network management and easy upgrade. In the face of the current-dotted SDH ring and the large number of E
than the protection channel provided by the SDH system for traffic signals such as GBE, which transmit large particles.
From the above two aspects is not difficult to see, when the network of operators in the optical fiber resources are relatively tight, and the network has a large number of data service transmission requirements, the use of Metro DWDM system to build core optical network is a very ideal solution.
It is noteworthy that in the trans
Connect to the abovehttp://wangchunhai.blog.51cto.com/225186/1857192When using the vsphere virtual Datacenter, there are multiple virtual machines in the same network segment. Sometimes, the security policy does not allow these same network segments of the virtual machines to communicate with each other, this time you can use the "Private VLAN" function.5.1 Private VLAN IntroductionDedicated VLAN, known as Pvlan, is known as the Mux VLAN. The names ar
a video stream and save it to a file (Capture)
1 Save video stream to AVI file
Avi Mux Filter receives a video stream from the capture pin and then packs it into an AVI stream. The audio stream can also be connected to AVI Mux Filter so that Mux filter synthesizes the video stream and the video stream into an AVI stream. File writer writes an AVI stream to a f
address and one IP address. Based on the TCP/IP Reference Model, TCP/IP protocol families can be divided into four layers: application layer, transmission layer, network layer, and link layer. Redundant Nic technology can be implemented at each layer.
VxWorks, MUX, and NIC Driver
The network protocol stack of the embedded real-time operating system VxWorks has two types of network device driver interfaces: one is the standard bsd4.4driver, which clo
During the PTN Network Period, the integration of transmission-side and wireless-side maintenance must be put on the agenda. First, the core technology of the PTN network is Packet Exchange. The "Elastic Pipeline" feature gives the technology the advantages of statistical reuse, greatly improving the resource utilization of the network, it also brings about problems such as how to implement emergency communication protection without affecting the transmission network structure by analyzing netwo
With the development of the economy, the wave of information is surging, and the demand for communication infrastructure in the world is unprecedentedly high. The opening of new data businesses, business users, residential users, Internet applications, and the telecom market puts pressure on business operators. The maturity of optical transmission technology and the improvement of broadband investment technology have inspired telecom operation and manufacturing to invest a lot of money in broadb
The key to seamless combination of GMPLS--IP and WDM In recent years, with the rapid development of Internet technology, the traffic of data services represented by IP has rapidly increased and has gradually become the mainstream of network services. However, the existing transmission network is voice optimized. to enable it to carry data services efficiently, new technologies are required.To transmit data services, the existing transmission network adopts a layer-4 structure, as shown in 1a): I
1. Introduction
Automatic Switching Optical Network (ASON) technology has been accumulating and improving after years of development. For most carriers in China, Traditional transmission networks already have a large scale. How to introduce ASON technology more rationally to achieve stable evolution of transmission networks is the main issue discussed in this article.
2. Introduction of ASON technology
At present, the transmission network is basically based on
1. Metro access
1. High-speed access requirements
Bandwidth acceleration is a significant feature of the rapid development of modern information society. From the operator's perspective, the demand for Household broadband acceleration, the emergence of IPTV operations, the construction of 2G/3G and LTE base stations and core networks, the expansion of business outlets and OSS systems, all of them propose IP, broadband, and comprehensive access requirements for the transmission network. From the
technology (PDH, SDH, MSTP, point-to-point Ethernet system) to PON passive optical access technology (APON, Bpon, GPON, EPON, GEPON). Finally, due to the cost of optical fiber itself, the equipment cost of Optical transceiver module, Olt and ONU, and the supporting cost of existing fiber to households are decreasing, the cost and line cost of optical fiber to household equipment are reduced greatly than before. Therefore, the access mode of optical f
SDH is a very mature and strict transmission network system, it has been the birth of a wide range of application support, has become the world's core network of the main transmission technology. China from 1995 on the main line began to turn to the SDH network, China's SDH transmission network is to support the number of fixed telephone users in China as the wor
This is a creation in
Article, where the information may have evolved or changed. The Go HTTP package contains the HTTP client and HTTP server implementations. The main documents are: ~~~client.gocookie.goheader.gohttp.gomethod.gorequest.goresponse.goserver.gotransport.go~~~server.go:--- ------We start with a simple HTTP server. Creating an HTTP service requires three steps: * Create Servermux: Associate a predefined list of URLs with Hanlder. * Create handler: responsible for processing HTTP r
It's a long story ... I recently got a MB SD Connect C4 Clone (a low quality one by its looks)The multiplexer I got shipped with the following firmware:os:2.2.2csd:2.03When I tried to use the MUX on this firmware in 03.2014 xentry, I am not able-connect to the car and kept getting Erro Rs. So I watched webmaster's SD connect videos and renamed the 3 update folders in C:\Program Files\sdconnect Toolkit and it W orked! Xentry was working well. The probl
I have had a Mercedes diagnostic machineMB STAR C3For a while and I decided to try and make it work, but every time I try to communicate with the car I get a error MESSAG E saying:Fault (1.1) -1.501.9504Initialization of diagnosis Multiplexer failed. Possible causes:the link between the diagnosis multiplexer and the diagnostic socket is interrupted. The link between the diagnosis Multiplexer and the diagnostic unit is interrupted. The voltage supply at the diagnostic socket (circuit + (or) circu
competitive state. Increasing the size of the message queue can effectively reduce the appearance of race conditions.6. Practical Thread Message Queuing implementation (MSG_QUEUE.H)#include #include#include#includepthread_mutex_t mux;pthread_cond_t cond_get, cond_put;structMsg_queue {void* * buffer;//buffered data,. Buffer = msg intSize//queue Size, when used to give a slightly larger size, you can reduce the operation into the kernel state int
configuration and manual maintenance of optical networks, this greatly increases the speed for carriers to respond to customer needs and reduces maintenance costs. These two technologies have become two hot topics in the research and development of optical networks. How to effectively integrate these technologies, give full play to the characteristics of each technology, and generate benefits of 1 plus 1 and greater than 2, which is highly concerned by network technology researchers and network
The integrated broadband access network is a very popular access method. With the emergence of IBAS technology, I believe that the integrated broadband access network will have a better development. The following describes in detail the main features and advantages of IBAS, I hope to help you understand this technology.
Today, network operators are facing two "Wars", namely, "IP wars" and "Bandwidth Wars ". Who can occupy the commanding heights in these two wars will be the biggest winner in the
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