Cisco mds9222i Fibre Switch most commonly used debug commands1. Check the switch portShow interface [Interface-range]View specified port run status, WWN information, configuration parameters, and packet statistics.Demonstration:mds9222i-1# Show Interface FC1/1FC1/1 is trunking-port FC1/1 operating normally, is a TE portHardware is Fibre Channel, SFP was short wave laser w/o OFC (SN)-Port, SFP hardware infor
|+------------------+ Memory high end
When a function call occurs in a program, the computer does the following: First, the parameters are pressed into the stack;The contents of the Save instruction Register (IP) are returned address (RET); The third is the base address that is sent to the stack(FP), then copy the current stack pointer (SP) to the FP as the new base address, and finally the localAmount of space, the SP minus the appropriate value. Take the following procedure as an example:
affecting other ports, that is, the point-to-point mode ). Therefore, vswitches can isolate conflicting domains and effectively suppress broadcast storms.
From the bandwidth perspective, no matter how many ports the hub has, all ports share a bandwidth. At the same time, only two ports can be used to transmit data, while other ports can only wait, at the same time, the hub can only work in half duplex mode. For a vswitch, each port has an exclusive bandwidth. When the two ports work, the operat
For an enterprise, the management of the internal network is very important, so as to ensure the normal operation of enterprises, because modern methods have become increasingly inseparable from the network.
One but the network problem, then the loss will be huge, want to manage a network, then the QoS function of routers is essential, this article is about Huawei Router ip-based network management.
First, the QoS has uplink bandwidth and downlink b
operation, easy maintenance and management, convenient upgrade and low cost.
The E-pon system is composed of Olt (optical circuit terminal-optical line termination), ONU (Optical Network Unit-optical Network) and fiber wiring unit, and the system uses Ethernet protocol. We call the downlink signal from Olt through 1:n optical passive splitter to ONU, from ONU to Olt for uplink signals. The data of the E-pon system is transmitted through an indefinit
geographical locations.
When the target host using Anycast is connected to different autonomous domains, it is difficult to use the IP address of an autonomous domain. Therefore, the shared Unicast address of Anycast usually has an independent autonomous domain number, and exchange routes with different autonomous domain networks through the BGP protocol, that is, IP Anycast + BGP.IP Anycast + BGP deployment
The deployment of IP Anycast + BGP must use devices that can run BGP to exchange routes
support capability of the access device itself, and the other is the conditions of the user line. Next we will discuss how to optimize the broadband access network based on the current situation of the broadband access network:
I. Support of access devices
According to the operator's plan for the network model for the next few years, and taking into account the proportion of low-end users, high-end users, IPTV users, peak value set line ratio, and other factors, on average, each Broadband User
# Configure the stream classification and match the ACL Rule 3002, that is, match the traffic with the destination IP address 10.0.0.2.[H3C] traffic classifier destination_hostA[H3C-classifier-destination_hostA] if-match acl 3002[H3C-classifier-destination_hostA] quit
# The configuration is popular. It is used to monitor upstream traffic at a rate of 1000 kbps.[H3C] traffic behavior uplink[H3C-behavior-uplink
tl-wr2041+ Set IP Bandwidth control diagram Step one: Set the computer IP address
Tp-link tl-wr2041+ routers restrict network speed topology
Example analysis
A user home for 4M ADSL Broadband, the home has desktops, notebooks, mobile phones and many other devices; Desktop is mainly used to watch video, play games, so the need to ensure that the desktop computer has enough broadband resources, colleagues have to ensure that other devices can normally browse the Web, chat QQ and so
First you have to turn on QoS in the QoS settings and set the overall uplink and downlink bandwidth.
The second is set in the QoS unit, which is as follows: (content is the QoS rule help information, take a closer look to understand) you need to set the following entry: enable: Rule status.
IP Address segment: The address range of the internal host, which is invalid when all is empty (or 0.0.0.0). Port segment: The internal host accesses the port ra
storms.From the bandwidth perspective, no matter how many ports the hub has, all ports share a bandwidth. At the same time, only two ports can be used to transmit data, while other ports can only wait, at the same time, the hub can only work in half duplex mode. For a vswitch, each port has an exclusive bandwidth. When the two ports work, the operation of other ports is not affected, at the same time, the switch can not only work in half duplex mode, but also in full duplex mode.
The IP bandwidth control can be used to allocate and restrict the bandwidth resources, so that the network bandwidth resources are used more efficiently and rationally, so as to solve the problems caused by the reasonable bandwidth allocation.
The settings for tl-r406 IP bandwidth control are described below.
As shown in the following figure tl-r406 IP Bandwidth control function settings interface.
Broadband line type: ADSL or other lines, please fill in your actual situation line type and
Some knowledge about storageAccording to the different transmission protocols, the network card can be divided into three kinds, one is the Ethernet card, the second is the FC network card, the third is the iSCSI network card.
Ethernet Card: The Scientific name Ethernet Adapter, the transmission protocol for the IP protocol, generally via fiber optic cable or twisted pair with Ethernet switch connection. The interface types are divided into optical and electrical ports. Optical ports ar
, thus forming a network of hardware devices.
So, the fiber-optic network card is the name in the end is the fiber port HBA card?
In fact, the fiber-optic network card that you often refer to is the HBA card in the Fibre Channel networks.
Because of the different transmission protocol, the network card can be divided into three kinds, one is Ethernet cards, the other is FC network card, the third is iSCSI network card.
• Ethernet Card: Scientific name Ethernet Adapter, transport protocol fo
A vswitch is the most basic network connection device. It generally does not require any software configuration to use a hardware-only device. The connection between a single vswitch and the network can be mastered by readers. This article, in combination with the legend, describes the connection issues when multiple switches are used in the network at the same time.
There are two Connection Methods for multiple vswitches: cascade and stack. The following describes the implementation principle a
1. Check whether Telnet has been startedLinux :~ # Chkconfig-list | grep TelnetTELNET: Off2. view the Telnet STARTUP configuration fileLinux:/etc/xinetd. D # More Telnet# Default: Off# Description: telnet is the old Login server which is insecure and shold/# Therefore not be used. Use Secure Shell (openssh ).# If you need telnetd not to "keep-alives" (e.g. If it runs over a ISDN/# Uplink), add "-n". See 'man telnetd' for more details.Service telnet{So
can be divided into two types of network structure: one is the normal port is connected to the downstream device, such as connecting to each server, the other is the upstream port is connected to the upstream device, such as connecting the upper switch or router. The port profile is also for these two types of ports on the virtual switch. Virtual Port profile Normal port configuration file, you can standardize the behavior of the downstream port, such as the port on the offload offload, securit
Before reading this article, it is recommended to take a look at the post "LTE-TDD HARQ (1)-upstream HARQ timing" to better understand the content of this article.The main contents of this article include:(1) What is the Phich channel and what is its role?(2) How to uniquely identify a Phich channel(3) What is the content of the Phich channel corresponding to the reg actual mapping?(4) Location of the Phich channel1. What is the Phich channelPHICH Channel is the physical HARQ indication channel
The port of the core switch is mainly a fiber type, but the price of the switch fibre port is very expensive and requires special attention from the user, while the fibre port of the switch is not stacked and can only be used for cascading purposes.
Cascading can use either a normal port or a special mdi-ii port. A pass-through cable should be used when the two ports that are cascaded are normal (that is, mdi-x) and Mdi-ii ports. You should use a crossover cable when each of the two ports that
original file into the Z section, a in the server randomly downloaded the nth part, b in the server randomly downloaded the section m, So A's BT will be based on the situation to B's computer to get B has been downloaded good m part, B BT will be based on the situation to a computer to get a has been downloaded good n, so that the server-side load is relatively small, but also speed up the user side (A, B) download speed, efficiency also increased, It also reduces geographical constraints. For
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