are sent when the bridge receives better BPDUs.In addition, it also controls the transmission of BPDUs while "saving optimal BPDUs". When the bridge is first activated, all its ports start to send BPDUs every 2 seconds (if the default timer configuration is used), but if a port receives a BPDU from another bridge and the BPDU is better than the sent BPDU, the local port stops sending BPDUs. If a better BPDU is not sent from an adjacent bridge within a period of time (the default of 20 second
Tags: int range. com topology type mode config OSS processFirst, the experimental topology:Second, the experimental requirements:1, PC0 connection SW1, did not make any changes, see if F0/1 need to wait for 30s to become green;2, SW1 Global deployment of the default port Acceleration command, while the f0/2-5 deployed as Acess port;3, PC1~PC4 connection SW1, accelerate, the second into a green port, shorten the 30s, no longer wait.Third, command deployment:SW1 (config) #spanning-tree portfast De
Analysis and Summary of STP Spanning Tree ProtocolI. STP overview STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) is applicable to anti-loops between switches. The function is used to prevent loops. Basic principle: the network topology is determined by transmitting a special protocol packet (BPDU) between switches. Two types of BPDU are available: configuration BPDU and tc bpdu ).
STP spanning tree protocol that's it. A circular structure is changed into a tree structure. Logically blocks some ports to form a logical tree structure.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Spanning Tree algorithm1. Select the root bridge2. Select the root port3. Select the specified
looks simpler because its logic is simple. However, in the actual environment, rip needs to adapt a lot to avoid loops and other problems, and the path convergence speed and Packet Volume need to be balanced.
Algorithm used: Ford-Fulkerson
STP is a vswitch-oriented protocol., Similar to OSPF, but much simpler (because L2 Networks are simpler), there are also root bridge, RootPorts and designated ports. At the beginning of the bridge, assume that
"Copyright notice: Original translation articles, translation level is limited, errors are unavoidable,The Translator is not responsible for the consequences of errors or omissions in the article, please be careful to reprint them. Reproduced please retain this statement and source: blog.csdn.net/shallnet, download the English version of the book "The previous section has said that each time the bridge is in the listening state, the default is to listen for 15 seconds, in fact, in general,
automatically selects routes without loading route tables or setting parameters.
STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) is a data link layer (Layer 2) communication protocol based on the OSI network model, used to ensure a non-circular local network environment.
Based on the algorithm prescribed by Radia Perlman during Dec operations, STP allows a network to be designed to contain standby (duplicate) connections s
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Lab Requirements:The dual-core architecture combines three-layer switching technology with VTP, STP, and Ethernet channels to achieve high-speed network conversion, high availability, high reliability and redundant backup functions, mainly for the network of dual-core topologies.Experimental design:1. Configure VLANs on the switch to control broadcast traffic.2. Configure the Ethernetchannel between the 2 three-layer switches to achieve high-speed int
"Data Collation" Cisco [STP]STP{STPNBSP;802.1D--------------shmacaddress-tableshintvlan1sh Spanning-treestate:blocking,listening,learning,forwarding,disabledswitch (config) #int f0/1switch (config-if) #switchport port-securitymac-addresssticky// The first two addresses that enter the port are static address switch (CONFIG-IF) #switchport port-securitymac-addressmaximum2 //can only use 2 Macswitch (config-if
The STP cost of H3C is different from Cisco's calculation
On a Cisco computer, it is calculated according to the 802.1D standard, while H3C uses a proprietary algorithm
When there is a link aggregation, the cost value of the H3C is reduced appropriately, while the Cisco is unchanged
How to select the root bridge, root port, specified port, and blocking port, h3c the blocking port as alternate, which is the alternate port
In RSTP in Cisco, there
Experimental project:1> Understanding how spanning Tree Protocol [STP] works2> configuration pvst+ for load balancing.The experiment passed:One: Principle: 1. In the actual network environment, the physical loop can improve the reliability of the network. But in a switched network, when the switch receives a data frame from an unknown destination, it broadcasts the data. In this case, in a switched network where there is a physical loop, a two-way bro
First, what is STP format file
STP is a CAD file format that complies with Step International standard (ISO 10303) and is a system-independent product module Exchange format.
Ii. How to open STP file
With SolidWorks, pro/e, Solidedge and other three-dimensional software can be opened.
STP theory: S, T, p in the
Many people are not very clear about the STP principle.Here to describe this principle:STEP1:BPDU = Priority (default 32768) + MAC address, 2s once, via relay link, for RB selectionStep2: Non-root bridge selected RP (Root port), its own interface with its own interface select RP (Accept BPDUs)2.1 Compare cop cost of path, see Non-root Bridge interface Accept Direction cop value (bandwidth of interface)2.2 Compare bid (accepted bid), forwarder rewrite
STP attacks
, Normal STP, the data packet transmission path is PC1-> SW2-> SW3-> Server1
In this case, the attacker sets up an illegal switch Rogue in SW2 and SW3 and sets it as the root bridge. In this case, the normal path is blocked, and the data packet transmission path of PC1 to the server is changed to PC1-> SW2-> Rogue-> SW3-> Server1. Attackers can obtain data packets on the Rogue.
Defense meth
STP (Spanning Tree Protocol): ensures the reliability of switches and prevents broadcast storms. Principle: The Spanning Tree Protocol runs the Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) to change a circular structure into a tree structure. The process of generating a tree algorithm can be summarized into three steps: 1) Select the root bridge; 2) Select the root port; 3) Select the specified port;
(1) Select the root bridge: Based on the bridge ID (consisting of
On October 30, August 19, the non-profit group Open SourceDevelopmentLab (OSDL, Open source code Development Lab), which aims to promote the popularization of Linux, released the ScalableTestPlatform (STP) used to automatically test the Linux kernel) "The latest version of the environment is Version3.0. In addition to the function of simulating the actual data center environment on the Linux kernel, it can also perform various load tests on open sourc
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