tcp ip volume 1

The TCP/IP network communication software package uses remote access commands. These commands were first developed for Arpanet by UC Berkely. It allows you to remotely register to another system and copy files from one system to another. You can obtain information about a system, such as who is currently registering for use. When calling a system address, these remote commands use the domain name or

Introduction: Before 1990, the hierarchical model dominated by data communication and networking literature was the Open Systems Interconnection (open system Interconnection,osi) model, and now the TCP/IP protocol family became the dominant commercial architecture. An OSI seven-layer model 1.1 Physical Layer The mechanical and electrical specifications that relate to the interface and the transmission media

IP address.Serial number, validation, and other flag InformationBecause TCP is based on reliability, it can provide mechanisms to handle packet loss, duplication, Order disorder, and other adverse situations. In fact, TCP can ensure reliable transmission by allocating serial numbers to all transmitted bytes and expecting the receiving end to provide the receivin

Implement TCP/IP programming under DOS real model (lower) Http://blog.csdn.net/dos5gw/archive/2010/03/29/5429582.aspx There may be very few people using DOS, and fewer people are working on DOS. There are many reasons. But in terms of industrial control, there are still a lot of DOS users, especially dos622 and dos71 are still running smoothly on many industrial computer, POS machines, and supermarket ca

broadcast, the answer is sent by a single advertisement.Two. RARP (Inverse Address Resolution Protocol)Rarp is to map the physical address to a logical address, the RARP request is sent by broadcast, the answer is sent by a single advertisement.Three. IP (Internet Interconnection Protocol)IP is the transmission mechanism, unreliable, "best effort" of TCP/

set to the value after the slow start threshold is halved;implementation of congestion avoidance algorithm (high starting point, linear growth);QUIZ:After the TCP connection is established, what is maintained by what?ANSWER:The data received and sent from the network are implemented through sockets. However, if the socket is disconnected, then sending data and receiving data will definitely cause problems. How can I tell if a socket is available? How

This article contains the following content:1.TCP/IP Protocol System2.OSI Models3. Data packets4.TCP/IP Interactive modeThe protocol layer of the 1.TCP/

) the process of 1.TCP/IP protocol data Encapsulation Take the transport layer adopt TCP or UPD, the network layer uses the IP, the link layer uses the Ethernet as the example, may see the TCP/

Reference documents:* "TCP/IP detailed Volume One: agreement"; 1. IP Internetwork Protocol 1.1 features:unreliable : The IP datagram cannot be guaranteed to reach its destination successfully;No connection : Do not maintain a

data before it has been received. In this way, the transmission efficiency has been greatly improved. UDP protocolUser Datagram Protocol, which only adds a little bit of functionality on top of the IP datagram service, and its main features are:(1) UDP is not connected, it is not necessary to establish a connection (while TCP is required) before sending the dat

The first thing to look at is TCP/IP protocol, which involves four layers: link layer, network layer. Transport layer, application layer.The data frame of the Ethernet (Ethernet) in the link layerIP packets on the network layerTCP or UDP packets in the transport layerdata in TCP or UDP is in the application tierTheir relationship is the data frame {

by IP. IP is not a reliable protocol, if the Shard one of the problems, TCP can not re-flyer a Shard, the natural TCP would prefer to segment themselves to do a heavy flyer segment.IP HeaderThe IP protocol is divided into IPv4 and IPv6 versions, the two versions have differ

1. OverviewTCP provides a connection-oriented, reliable byte-stream service. Full-duplex communication. A TCP connection is uniquely determined by a 4-tuple: Local IP address, local port number, remote IP address, and remote port number.TCP packs the user data into a message segment, initiates a timer when it sends the

combination of network number + host number.Domain Name SystemThe domain Name system is a distributed database that provides services that convert host names (URLs) to IP addresses.RfcWhat is an RfC? The RFC is the standard document for the TCP/IP protocol, where we can see the long definition list of RFCs, which now has a definition of more than 4,000 protocols

and slice The first digit is not used. Every two DF (don't fragment) bits are 1. If the transmitted datagram exceeds the maximum transmission unit, the datagram is discarded, and sends an ICMP error message. The third-digit MF (more fragment) indicates whether more slices exist. The value of this parameter is 1, indicating that more fragments exist in the future. The last mf is 0.After an

, which causes the Extract/Pump to abend. This error occurs intermittently.ERROR OGG-01232 Receive TCP params error: TCP/IP error 104 (Connection reset by peer ).Network teams have found no informative errors in logs on either source or target boxes.GG extract/pump has to be manually restarted.CAUSEExtract/Pump uses STREAMING mode by defaultMost of the

. First, use the DNS protocol to resolve the URL to an IP address, then establish a TCP connection between the client and the server, and use Wireshark to capture the group, for example: Figure 4 establish a TCP connection group by Wireshark capture You may think it is a bit strange. In theory, it should be three groups. How can we have six groups? First, send a

analysis: Flag field. SYN = 1 and ACK = 0 indicate that this data segment is not used.Tape. How does the maximum message segment length (MMS) reach 1460? the physical characteristics of the link layer over Ethernet determine that the data frame length is 1500 (MTU, the maximum transmission unit ), 1460 = 1500-20 (IP header length)-20 (TCP Header length ). Do not

There are many network protocols based on TCP protocol, such as TELNET,SSH, FTP, HTTP and so on. These protocols can be broadly divided into two broad categories based on data throughput: (1) interactive data types, such as TELNET,SSH, which in most cases are only small-traffic data exchanges, such as pressing the keyboard, echoing some text, and so on. (2) data block types, such as FTP, this type of protoc

I. TCP segment format: Shows the TCP segment format. Source Port Number and destination port numberThe source port number and destination port number, and the source IP address of the IP header and the destination IP address uniquely determine a