layer through error control and traffic control methods, it provides a reliable method for data transmission through physical media.This layer is usually divided into two sub-layers: Media Traffic Control (MAC) and Logical Link Control (LLC.
The main task of the MAC Sub-layer is to solve the problem of multi-users competing with the channel in the shared network, and complete the problem control of the network medium;
The main task of the
devices: terminal hosts and routers; commonly used for DCE devices: Wan Switching
Machine, moderm, CSU/DSU.
EIA/TIA-232, also known as RS-232, is a public physical layer standard, used to support signal rate up to 64 Kbps of non-balanced circuit.
V.24 standard: interfaces between DTE and DCE defined by ITU-T. the cable can work in both synchronous and asynchronous modes. in asynchronous mode, the link layer protocol is encapsulated to support IP addresses and IPX, while the highest transmission
For EclipseMethod One:Open the. eclipseproduct file with Notepad under the Eclipse installation path, with the Eclipse version number in it.Shaped like:Name=eclipse PlatformId=org.eclipse.platformversion=4.2.0Method Two:Open Eclipse:help-->about EclipseA row of different versions of Eclipse logo is displayed below the pop-up box, and you can click on the Eclipse logo you are using (when hovering, you will be prompted "eclipse.org") to display your Eclipse version (Eclipse Platform), as follows:E
and wired networks. A wireless access point is usually composed of a wireless outlet and a wired network interface (802.3 interface), bridging software conforms to the 802.1D bridging protocol. An access point is like a wireless base station in a wireless network that aggregates multiple wireless access points into a wired network. A wireless terminal can be a 802.11PCMCIA card, a PCI interface, an Isa interface, or an embedded device (such as a 802.11 mobile phone) on a non-computer terminal.T
broadband router, which is dialed by the built-in PPPoE dial tool for the broadband router.
If in a multi-user environment, the number of clients, such as: Internet cafes, enterprises, communities, often ADSL ROUTER plus broadband router network form, when most of the ADSL ROUTER work in bridge mode, by the broadband router to dial function, and assume the route of the work, This is because ADSL router has a low routing capability and can degrade or cause a panic failure when handling a large
Preg_replace () function, which searches for a string according to the regular expression and defines the structure of the URL:
Copy Code code as follows:
$url = "W.J Gilmore, LLC (http://www.wjgilmore.com)";
$url = Preg_replace ("/http://([a-z0-9./-]+)/", "$", $url);
$url = "W.J Gilmore, LLC (http://www.wjgilmore.com)"
7. Remove HTML tags from a string
As a web developer, on
user reservation, but the user can not get the best bandwidth. This is also in the GPRS network optimization needs to pay close attention.
GPRS system wireless resources refers to the PDCH,PDCH is all GPRS attached mobile phone sharing and dynamic distribution in the community, in the form of TBF (temporary Block Flow) to divide, on demand, when the data (specifically, rlc/ Mac block) needs to be transferred when the TBF is assigned, TBF will be released after the transmission is complete. TBF
is transmitted, and the circuit seems to be invisible to the transmitted bit stream.
Data Link LayerThe data link layer, the second layer of the OSI model, is responsible for establishing and managing links between nodes. The main function of this layer is: through various control protocols, the error-prone physical channel becomes error-free and can reliably transmit data frame data link.The physical link is unreliable in the computer network due to the existence of various disturbances. There
-use system-config-bind or an editor
// To create named. conf-edits to this file will be lost on
// Caching-nameserver package upgrade.
//
Options {
Listen-on port 53 {172.16.0.6 ;};
Listen-on-v6 port 53 {: 1 ;};
Directory "/var/named ";
Dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db ";
Statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt ";
Memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt ";
Query-source port 53;
Query-source-v6 port 53;
Allow-query {any ;};
};
Logging {
Channel default_debug {
Fi
WEB-INF/classes directory of the application.2) create a TLD file. Let's look at the simple example below.
PUBLIC "-// Sun Microsystems, Inc. // dtd jsp Tag Library 1.1 // EN"Http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-jsptaglibrary_1_1.dtd>
1.0
1.1
Test
Hello
Com. mycompany. HelloTag
Empty
Name
Name the file *. tld and place it in the application's WEB-INF/
Custom tag locationWEB-INF/tlds/xxxx. tldNote: It must be defined in the tld file:Tlibversion -------- Tag library versionJspversion -------- the JSP version required by the Tag library.Shortname ------- default name. (Not defined in this example)Uri ------------------- URL of the Tag libraryInfo ----------------- usage information of Tag libraryTag ----------------- custom tagName --------------- name of a custom tagTagclass ----------- name of the j
Tld is a simple xml file that provides detailed jsp (the preferred choice for SUN Enterprise Applications) tag Information (standardization is getting closer and closer). It creates a new DemoTags. tld is saved in the/WEB-INF/tlds file, code:
Tag Library DescriptorNote: All content is between "Http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-jsp (preferred for SUN Enterprise Applications) taglibrary_1_1.dtd">
Provides information about your tag library, which is alm
@ www named] # vim/etc/named. rfc1912.zones // Add a forward/reverse Region// Named. rfc1912.zones://// Provided by Red Hat caching-nameserver package//// Isc bind named zone configuration for zones recommended// RFC 1912 section 4.1: localhost TLDs and address zones// And http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsop-default-local-zones-02.txt// (C) 2007 r w Franks//// See/usr/share/doc/bind */sample/for example named configuration files.//
Z
noneLast trick:Check to see if Hashcode equals uses the ID as the only option, and I don't have a problem with Uuid.hex, but with native, I can't. Delete it!Question: Today with Tomcat 5.5.12, found that the original very useful system can not be used, repeated testing found that the page can not contain taglib, otherwise the following prompts: HTTP Status of type Exception reportmessage Description The server encountered an internal error () that prevented it from fulfilling this Request.excep
"Metainf/tlds/strutsbean.tld" From JARFile "File:*****/webinf/lib/struts.jar": The jar under the Lib folder for the project was updated, and Servlet.jar and Jspapi.jar were released as well. FIX: Remove Jspapi.jar to solve this problem.Error: Java.lang.NullPointerExceptionCause: Found DAO instances, manage instances, and so on need to inject something is not injected (commonly known as null pointer exception) Resolved: This time, you should view the
have to get the tag library profile (Spring.tld and SPRING-FORM.TLD), the label processing class, and the introduction in Web. XML, and finally use it in the JSP.1. Copy the Spring.tld and spring-form.tld to the Web-inf directory.2. Copy the Spring.jar to the Web-inf\lib package3. Configure Web. xmlclass>Org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerclass>Be sure to use listener to load the spring configuration file, otherwise it will be reported "No Webapplicationcontext found" error. 4
/classes directory of the application.(2) create a TLD file. Let's look at the simple example below.PUBLIC "-// Sun Microsystems, Inc. // dtd jsp Tag Library 1.1 // EN"Http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-jsptaglibrary_1_1.dtd>Name the file *. tld and place it in the application's WEB-INF/tlds directory.(3) Now you can use custom behaviors on the JSP page.When this page is requested, the JSP Container uses this TLD to find the class corresponding to the
. predictionorg. apache. jasper. jasperException:/index. jsp (1, 1) Unable to read TLD "METAINF/tlds/strutsbean. tld "from JAR file" file: *****/WEBINF/lib/struts. jar ": cause: updated the jar in the lib folder of the project, and se is also released at the time of release. Rvlet. jar and jspapi. jar. Solution: delete jspapi. jar to solve this problem.
Error: java. lang. NullPointerException
Cause: the dao instance, manage instance, and other things
unit is minute.
120
10,
htm
text/html
11,
Welcome file page
index.jsp
index.html
index.htm
12,
Error Page
404
/NotFound. jsp
Java. lang. NullException
/Error. jsp
13,
Set jsp
Including
And
Two child elements. Where
Elements already exist in JSP 1.2;
Is a
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