to broadband IP users; broadband MAN access nodes should be set up in high-end office buildings to provide LAN access services; ADSL Services should be promoted to individual enterprise users, from 512 kbit/s ~ 2 Mbit/s access service;
For enterprise group users, LAN Access Services Based on man VLAN are implemented to achieve internal enterprise networking. For broadband MAN access in remote counties, due to the single DSLAM interface standard, ther
is only 3km 1/4, and adsl2+ distance up to 6km.3) Lower power consumption: generation ADSL Regardless of whether the transmission of data, the power is always the same, adsl2/2+ support transceiver in the data transfer rate is low or no data transfer into the sleep state.2. ADSL System structureThe ADSL system consists of an office-side device Dslam (digital subscriber line access multiplexer, a user-user-cable multiplexer) and a customer-side device
Siemens, Germany, has launched a full range of DSL solutions to support the rapid development of the communications industry in response to the broadband and data features of communications networks. Siemens, the largest overseas joint venture Beijing International Exchange System Limited (BISC), has introduced the product ——— Xpresslink to China. Xpresslink with Siemens other data products to provide users with powerful, operator-oriented broadband network of the whole solution. ——— Editor
Xpr
There are many things worth learning about broadband access technology. Here we mainly introduce how to achieve bidirectional symmetric transmission speed of Mbps, which can be upgraded from ADSL, this section describes the use of broadband access technology to achieve stable transmission quality. Recently, NEC and NEC Magnus Communications announced that they will provide communication operators with the latest "AM3150R2" product of the "AM3100 series" Integrated
three-band standard has defined either the QAM or DMT modulation methods, as a result, there has been a long debate over the two standards, facing the choice of the two modulation methods. The QAM method is simple and easy to develop, and the DMT method is more complex. Although with the development of ADSL2 + technology, many people have doubts about the application prospects of VDSL technology, on the other hand, VDSL technology has unparalleled advantages in bidirectional symmetry and high b
than 250 M away from the end user, with a target bandwidth of 500-1000 M per household. As you are closer to the user, you can get a relatively higher bandwidth, and G. fast will be used as a gigabit access solution comparable to FTTH.
Unlike previous technologies, G. fast introduces user-defined concepts at the initial stage of standard design. Traditional copper wire access technologies, both ADSL2 and VDSL2, are fixed upstream and downstream bandw
optimize the broadband access network according to the "FTTx + ADSL2 +/VDSL2" construction model. They believe that the "light-to-copper retreat" is not only time-ordered, but also space-oriented. In the early days, PON technology can target some high-end users with high bandwidth business needs, or, as a supplement to xDSL, xDSL is provided in areas with intensive SMEs to make up for the shortcomings of xDSL in these fields. After a step-by-step con
cannot be activated. Sometimes the line is activated but cannot be maintained, and the phone number matching the ADSL line is normal.
Fault analysis: the ADSL Broadband Modem cannot be activated after power-back, or it cannot be activated for a long time. This proves that the quality of the ADSL line is faulty. Because the ADSL Broadband and voice communication are not in the same frequency band, the voice communication is normal, it can prove that the physical line in the user's home is normal
various manufacturers is poor. SDSL is mature later, and the product types are not rich.
5. ADSL and G. liteADSL uses load telephone lines for Asymmetric high-speed transmission of information on a non-relay user Ring Road Network. Compared with HDSL/SDSL, it avoids user-side interference and improves the transmission rate, extended transmission distance. ADSL uses DMTDiscrete Multitone (discrete multiple audios) line codes. The downlink communication supports a speed of Mbps ~ 8 Mbps or higher
. OSS is a back-end O M Support System for telecom businesses, including the Network Element/network management system, cable monitoring, resource management and scheduling, and business support system for telecom networks. The centralized Test System for user faults is part of OSS service assurance, as shown in 1.
Figure 1 position of the user Fault Test System in the BOSS
2.2 System Architecture
The architecture 2 of the centralized Test System for user faults is shown in. In the figure abov
ZTE D@tall ADSL Access system relies on the existing common telephone copper twisted pair to provide sufficient bandwidth capacity, not only support narrowband voice service, but also support video on demand, conference television, online browsing, E-commerce and other broadband data services, greatly improve the utilization of traditional networks, Create exciting business opportunities for operators and service providers.D@tall adsl6110/8210 Digital Subscriber line Access Multiplexer (
order to suppress impulse noise better, ADSL not only uses Reed Solomon forward error-correcting code, but also uses additional grating coding technology. In terms of performance, DMT is an ideal ADSL modulation, which has the highest signal-to-noise ratio, strong anti-noise ability, high transmission rate and far transmission distance.Three, ADSL carries on the IP service the technologyWhen using ADSL technology to provide the service access channel to the user, it is necessary to establish a
my MAC is MMM,
Send a counterfeit ARP Reply to the host BBB:
BBB, I have IP AAA and my MAC is MMM
Due to the aging mechanism of ARP Cache, periodic continuous spoofing is also required.
Iv. Prevention of ARP Spoofing
1. carriers can use Super VLAN or PVLAN Technology
The so-called Super VLAN is also called VLAN aggregation. This technology creates multiple Sub VLANs in the same Sub-network and specifies the entire IP subnet as a VLAN aggregation (Super VLAN ), all Sub VLANs use the default gate
The Training Unit in Zhengzhou cannot work less, alas ~ Destiny
The Training Unit in Zhengzhou cannot work less, alas ~ Destiny
The Training Unit in Zhengzhou cannot work less, alas ~ Destiny. To activate oneHuaweiSmall DSLAM, E100, 96-line DSLAM device. Data needs to be done on BAS, but when adding data error: [a-b1] portvlan ethernet 4 vlan 500 100 [a-b1-ethernet4-4-vlan500-599] access-type layer2% Onl
user's APRU value.
Ii. Bandwidth bottleneck of IPTV applications
IPTV can use existing copper resources to transmit interactive TV programs. At present, most broadband users in China use ADSL as the access method. However, using the ADSL Access Mode to watch IPTV faces the following two challenges:
1. distance problem: the user line ring resistance suitable for activating ADSL service should be less than 900 ohm, and the line length should be less than 3.7 kilometers.
The longer the line distan
Currently, ADSL2 + access technology is widely used. We believe that with the development of the communication industry, ADSL2 + access technology will be more comprehensive and stable, bringing users a good network environment. The ADSL2 + Access Technology and 4bandVDSL access method launched by Huawei have the following features:
1. Unified broadband access platform. The ADSL2 + Access Technology and 4bandVDSL access method are directly introduced on the original
This article analyzes the reasons why the ADSL2 standard has become a new favorite of the network. There are many problems with the ADSL2 standard on the network. For various ADSL2 standards, the following is a question and answer topic, hoping to cover all questions about the use of ADSL2 standards by netizens.
Enhanced interoperability
In the ADSL2 standard, more parameters will be transmitted during the training phase. In addition, many parameters are determined by the receiver end rather tha
adjustable bandwidth leased line services, provide excess bandwidth leasing, improve the bandwidth utilization of transmission networks, increase the flexibility of leased line services, and facilitate operators to provide customized leased line services for various customers, to provide operators' competitiveness and business income.
5) The Ethernet aggregation service (MSTP) supports two-layer Ethernet switching for business convergence, which can further improve the utilization of transmi
Conversely, if the corresponding multicast group is not found locally, then proxy will send the request to the router on the upper end and establish the multicast group locally. When the multicast member exits, proxy also checks to see if there are other multicast members in the multicast group, and if so, it simply deletes the member who applied for the withdrawal in the multicast group, otherwise it notifies the router at the upper end and logs off the multicast group.
Therefore, the above tw
Huawei's new adsl2+, 4bandVDSL access mode has the following characteristics:
1. Unified Broadband Access platform. In the original Dslam equipment directly to achieve the introduction of adsl2+, 4bandVDSL access mode, that is, in the original Smartaxdslam equipment and other business Board slot compatible interface Board, the original equipment can be based on user needs to achieve flexible configuration options.
2. Unified management Platform. Sim
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