that the level of C ++ for foreigners is really high. Here, class inheritance is basically brought to the extreme. The ability to analyze such code is simply a pleasure. First, let's take a look at the basic class kerberosamplepipe, which is defined as follows:
Class program osamplepipe
{
Public:
// Virtual default destructor
Virtual ~ Export osamplepipe (){}
/// Returns a pointer to the beginning of the output samples.
/// This function is provide
(1) Overview of SVM
Support vector machine was first proposed by Cortes and Vapnik in 1995. It has many unique advantages in solving small samples, non-linear and high-dimensional pattern recognition, and can be applied to function fitting and other machine learning problems [10].The SVM method is based on the VC Dimension Theory of the Statistical Learning Theory and the minimum structure risk principle, based on the limited sample information, we ca
threshold value. And according to the financial definition: KS is 1, according to the predicted value of the partition to find the original Y value of the ratio (Division of good/bad/better than the overall good or bad). 2. The maximum value of the absolute difference of the ratio-bad proportion is the KS value. For example: 78217498 I don't think it's right. If the maximum value may be good or bad for a partition, such a value is meaningless. Only the absolute difference of the recall-false po
Use Python code examples to demonstrate the practical use of kNN algorithm, pythonknn
The proximity algorithm, or K-Nearest Neighbor (kNN, k-NearestNeighbor) classification algorithm, is one of the simplest methods in Data Mining classification technology. The so-called K-Nearest Neighbor refers to k nearest neighbors, which means that each sample can be represented by k nearest neighbors.The core idea of kNN algorithm is that if most of the k adjacent sampl
number of samples is large, the iterative speed of the method can be imagined.Advantages: Global optimal solution, easy parallel implementation;Cons: The training process is slow when the number of samples is large.From the number of iterations, the number of BGD iterations is relatively small. The convergence curve diagram of its iteration can be expressed as follows:2, small batch gradient descent method
This article describes how to use the kNN algorithm using Python code examples. Here is an example to predict the gender of Douban movie users. If you need a friend, refer to the adjacent algorithm, or K-Nearest Neighbor (kNN, k-NearestNeighbor) classification algorithm is one of the simplest methods in Data Mining classification technology. The so-called K-Nearest Neighbor refers to k nearest neighbors, which means that each sample can be represented by k nearest neighbors.
The core idea of kNN
", newAmrCodec}, // adaptive multi-rate Narrowband Speech Encoding AMR or AMR-NB, currently does not support CRC verification, robust sorting, and interleaving ), for more features, see RFC 4867.{"GSM-EFR", newGsmEfrCodec}, // enhanced GSM full rate voice encoding, also known as GSM-EFR, GSM 06.60 or EFR{NULL, NULL },};
These C ++ implemented Codec are inherited from AudioCodec and implement its set, encode, and decode functions, such:
The encode and decode functions are used for encoding and
not be obtained if only these three features are used for classification. Therefore, you can add features such as size and texture. After adding features, the classification results may be improved. But is there more features, the better?
Figure 1 The performance of a classifier does not increase or decrease as the dimension increases
As shown in figure 1, the performance of a classifier increases with the number of features. After a certain value expires, the performance does not increase or
In recsys, I saw a problem about how to solve the dataset skew. I thought that I had considered this problem before, so I summarized some previous materials.
First, let's talk about the sample skew, also known as the unbalanced dataset. It refers to the large difference in the number of samples of the two classes involved in the classification (or multiple classes. For example, the positive class has 10,000 sample
for sample training. This means that many people can only use the trained classifier provided by opencv for pedestrian detection. However, the built-in classifier of opencv uses navneetThe samples provided by Dalal and Bill triggs are not necessarily suitable for your application. Therefore, for your specific application scenarios, it is necessary to re-train your classifier. The purpose of this article is here.
Re-train the pedestrian detection proc
Introduction to LDA algorithmA. LDA Algorithm Overview:Linear discriminant Analysis (Linear discriminant, LDA), also called Fisher Linear discriminant (Fisher Linear discriminant, FLD), is a classical algorithm for pattern recognition, It was introduced in the field of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence in 1996 by Belhumeur. The basic idea of sexual discriminant analysis is to project the high-dimensional pattern samples to the optimal d
● Log2: log2 value of all feature numbers● None: equal to the number of all features
Maximum number of features involved in node splitting● Int: Number● Float: Percentage of all features● Auto: the beginning of all feature numbers● Sqrt: the beginning of all feature numbers● Log2: log2 value of all feature numbers★None: equal to the number of all features
Maximum number of features involved in node splitting● Int: Number● Float: Percentage of all features● Auto: the beginning of all featur
)))This becomes the min (J (w))The process of updating W isW:=w?α?▽j (w) w:=w?α?1n? N∑i=1 (HW (xi) yi)? xi)where α is the step length, until J (w) can no longer stopThe biggest problem with the gradient descent method is that it will fall into the local optimum, and each time the cost of the current sample is calculated, it is necessary to traverse all the samples in order to get the costing value, so the calculation speed will be much slower (althoug
The principle of isolation Forest algorithm introduced in this article is described in my blog: Isolation Forest anomaly detection algorithm principle, we only introduce the detailed code implementation process in this article.1, the design and implementation of ItreeFirst, we refer to the construction pseudocode of Itree in the original paper:Write a picture description here1.1 Designing the data structures of the Itree classItree is a binary tree based on the original paper and the pseudo-code
−HW (xi)))This becomes the min (J (w))The process of updating W isW:=w−α∗▽j (W) w:=w−α∗1n∗n∑i=1 (HW (xi) −yi) ∗xi)where α is the step length, until J (W) can no longer stopThe biggest problem with the gradient descent method is that it will fall into the local optimal, and each time we calculate the current sample, cost we need to traverse all the samples to get the cost value, so the calculation speed will be much slower (although the calculation can
http://blog.csdn.net/warmyellow/article/details/5454943Introduction to LDA algorithmA LDA Algorithm Overview:Linear discriminant Analysis (Linear discriminant, LDA), also called Fisher Linear discriminant (Fisher Linear discriminant, FLD), is a classical algorithm for pattern recognition, It was introduced in the field of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence in 1996 by Belhumeur. The basic idea of sexual discriminant analysis is to project the high-dimensional pattern
classification, so that in each round of training focused on the sample will be different, so that the same sample set of different distribution purposes. The updating of the sample weights is based on the weak learner's classification of the samples in the current training set, in particular, to improve the weights of those samples that were incorrectly categorized by the previous round of the weak classi
assumptions and symbol descriptions:
Assume that m samples in a space are x1, x2 ,...... XM indicates that each X is a matrix of N rows, which indicates the number of samples belonging to Class I. Suppose there is a class C, then.
.................................................................................... Class separation and divergence Matrix
......................................................
Let's start at the beginning. The AUC is a standard used to measure the quality of a classification model. There are a number of such criteria, such as the Eminence Standard in machine learning literature about 10 years ago: Classification accuracy, recall and precision commonly used in the field of information retrieval (IR), and so on. In fact, the measure reflects people's pursuit of "good" classification results, the different measures of the same period reflect people's different understand
number of samples of the tracked targets need to be selected for learning and training. This means that training samples will cover the various deformations and variations in scale, posture and illumination that may occur in the tracked target. In other words, the use of detection method to achieve long-time tracking purposes, training samples for the choice of
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