westinghouse 4k

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What is the meaning of setting kernel parameters on Linux when installing Oracle

adjusting the kernel parameters of the system, ignoring the setting of the Shmall parameter. This value is recommended to be set to the physical memory size divided by the paging size.# getconf Page_sizeThe size of the paging is obtained by getconf, which is used to calculate the reasonable setting value of the Shmall:Sql> select 32*1024*1024*1024/4096 from dual;32*1024*1024*1024/4096----------------------8388608For 32G of memory, the 4K paging-size

Linux Disk Management Summary

or file, and also displays the sum of all directories or files-K: Display information in kilobytes-M: Display information in megabytes-H: Display information in the appropriate units-S: Lists only the values of the sumExample:Why DU/ETC/PASSWD display 4K, while ls-l view only 0.8KB?This is the problem of setting block size, the default block size is 4K, so less than 4K

Linux file or directory properties

files generally greater than 16K) easy to waste disk space, too small to improve disk I/O performance.Block general size is 1k,2k,4k, boot partition is 1 k, normal partition is 4K (CentOS 6 series)Disk space depends on the inode and block two items, and any one is full and the disk is full.EXT3/EXT4 file system, a file is created to occupy at least one inode and one block, and the inode for different files

Linux file or directory properties

files generally greater than 16K) easy to waste disk space, too small to improve disk I/O performance.Block general size is 1k,2k,4k, boot partition is 1 k, normal partition is 4K (CentOS 6 series)Disk space depends on the inode and block two items, and any one is full and the disk is full.EXT3/EXT4 file system, a file is created to occupy at least one inode and one block, and the inode for different files

Installation instructions for Windows 7 system

Drive 4K Alignment:A file 1K also takes up 4K of space.NTFS format is 4K is a cluster, the original hard disk sector is 512 bytes, in order to align the NTFS cluster, the hard disk format into 4 bytes per sector.After the installation is complete:Shutting down the firewallClose Update updates and Action Center iconsClose user Account Control settings (the shield

[Switch] detailed introduction of the S3C2440 NAND and nor startup Methods

一:地址空间的分配1:s3c2440是32位的,所以可以寻址4GB空间,内存(SDRAM)和端口(特殊寄存器),还有ROM都映射到同一个4G空间里. 2:开发板上一般都用SDRAM做内存flash(nor、nand)来当做ROM。其中nand flash没有地址线,一次至少要读一页(512B).其他两个有地址线 3:nandflash不用来运行代码,只用来存储代码,NORflash,SDRAM可以直接运行代码)4:s3c2440总共有8个内存banks6个内存bank可以当作ROM或者SRAM来使用留下的2个bank除了当作ROM或者SRAM,还可以用SDRAM(各种内存的读写方式不一样)7个bank的起始地址是固定的还有一个灵活的bank的内存地址,并且bank大小也可以改变5:s3c2440支持两种启动模式:NAND和非NAND(这里是nor flash)。具体采用的方式取决于OM0、OM1两个引脚 OM[1:0所决定的启动方式 OM[1:0]=00时,处理器从NAND Flash启动 OM[1:0]=01时,处理器从16位宽度的ROM启动 OM[1:0]=10时,处理器从32位宽

FastCGI Module (FastCGI)

. • Instruction Fastcgi_ Buffer_size syntax: Fastcgi_buffer_size the_size;Default value: Fastcgi_buffer_size 4k/8k;Using fields: HTTP, server, locationThis parameter specifies how much buffer will be used to read the first part of the incoming reply from the fastcgi server.In general, a small answer header is included in this section.The default buffer size is the size of each block in the Fastcgi_buffers directive, which can be set to a smaller value

S3C2440 's MMU

Transferred from: http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23193900-id-3187782.html1.MMU Introduction The MMU Management Unit, Memory Management Unit, primary responsibility: mapping virtual addresses to physical addresses, providing hardware-mechanism memory access checks. 2. Basic concept virtual address (Vsan Address,va), modified virtual address (Modified VA), Physical address (phisical addresses)VA is the address used by the CPU, MVA is used by MMU, caches, PA is memory device use, their mapping Relat

Some of the accumulated Redis

not physical memory, but virtual memory concepts.Redis VMS Follow the previous Epoll implementation of the idea is still self-fulfilling. However, the introduction of the previous operating system mentioned that the OS can also automatically help the program to achieve cold and hot data separation, Redis only need the OS to request a large memory, the OS will automatically put hot data into physical memory, cold data exchange to the hard disk, another well-known "understanding of modern operati

Use of LVM (ii)

256Block Device 254:1As you can see, there are still different problems that need to be executed in the following order[Email protected]:~# resize2fs/dev/mapper/liulianca_test-lqxRESIZE2FS 1.42.12 (29-aug-2014)Filesystem at/dev/mapper/liulianca_test-lqx is mounted on/lvm_test; On-line resizing requiredOld_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1The filesystem on/dev/mapper/liulianca_test-lqx is now 786432 (4k) blocks long.Just look at the volume, okay?[E

Some issues with disk partitioning

K to indicate that it is 4k.Because the block size of the default format disk is 4096 bytes or 4K, even a small file will have a block size of 4k.The du-b will be counted in B units of the file size, so the results are inconsistent.3. Understand these concepts of disk: Heads, sectors, cylinders.Head (heads): The head is fixed on a movable manipulator for reading and writing data. Modern hard drives are both double-sided and readable, so the headThe n

The cause and resolution of the JVM crash!

*******************************0x10000000-0x1004e000 *******************************VM Arguments:java_command:com.sy.test.TestNative Launcher Type:sun_standardEnvironment variables:java_home=*******************************classpath=******************************* path=******************************* USERNAME=user OS=Windows_NT Processor_identifier=x86 Family 6 Model stepping 8, Genuineintel---------------s Y s T E M---------------Os:windows XP Build 2600 Service Pack 2Cpu:total 1 (cores per CPU

Flask Uwsgi nginx:504 Gateway Time Out

request. If the timeout period is exceeded, the connection will be closed if the action is not written. In addition, UWSGI itself has a parameter Harakiri (configured in Uwsgi.xml or Uwsgi.ini), and if each request takes more than that value, the request is discarded and the corresponding worker is retracted. Specification of common parameters of Nginx Uwsgi moduleUwsgi under the NginxOfficial documentsActual configuration (/etc/nginx/nginx.conf) In this example, only 3 parameters are use

Application of large-page memory (hugepages) in general program optimization

operating system, the size of the process space is 4g,64-bit system 2^64 (which may actually be less than this value). For a long time, I was very puzzled about this, so that does not lead to multiple processes to visit the conflict, for example, two processes are access to address 0x00000010. In fact, the process space for each process is virtual, which is not the same as the physical address. The two are accessing the same virtual address, but the transition to the physical address is differe

What happened in the middle of the browser to the Nginx server?

to nginx and into the loop. Cslistener > 58518 [FIN, ACK] PHP-FPM Close response58518 > Cslistener [FIN, ACK] nginx shutdown responseCslistener > 58518 [ACK] PHP-FPM responsehttp/1.1 OK (text/html)57939 > http [ACK] Firefox response buffer.php Test Code: 0;$i--){ echo date('H:i:s').''; echo str_repeat(' ', 1024*4); ob_flush(); flush(); sleep(1);}echo 'Stop.';ob_end_flush(); Also note: Nginx gzip may perform output caching, which will result in the flush () function resulti

Write Excel files using Python XLWT

If you need to use Python to write Excel files, first download or install XLWT.Pip Install XLWTThe following demos should help developers quickly get started writing Excel files using XLWT:Create workbooks (workbook) and Worksheets (sheet):import xlwtworkbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Sheet Name") Write cell (cell):sheet.write(0, 0, ‘foobar‘) # row, column, valueApply a style to a cell (bold for example):style = xlwt.easyxf(‘font: bold 1‘)sheet.write(0, 0, ‘foobar‘, style)Set

Nginx explanation, configuration and deployment, and high concurrency Optimization

= 8388608net.core.rmem_max = 16777216net.core.wmem_max = 16777216net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144net.core.somaxconn = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 The following

"Turn" C language Knowledge Collation (3): Memory management (detailed version)

small, and the heap when it is large; If you do not know the size of the data (it may take a large amount of memory), it is best to use the heap (because of this insurance); If you need to create an array dynamically, use the heap. 1 //experiment Six: Creating arrays dynamically2 int_tmain (intARGC, _tchar*argv[])3 {4 inti;5scanf"%d", i);6 int*array = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) *i);7 //...//Here are other things to do with dynamically created arrays8 Free(array);9}The last

Resource analysis of PHP-FPM occupancy system

extension modules, you can reduce unnecessary memory waste. [[emailprotected] etc]# Pmap $ (pgrep php-cgi |head-1) 6746:/usr/local/php/bin/php-cgi–fpm–fpm-config/usr/local /php/etc/php-fpm.conf0000000000400000 6680K r-x–/usr/local/php/bin/php-cgi0000000000c86000 268K rw-/usr/local/php/ bin/php-cgi0000000000cc9000 56K rw-[anon]0000000005012000 2240K rw-[anon]0000003efd200000 112K r-x–/lib64/ld-2.5.so ..... 00002ac28a7a5000 2048k-–/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/ xhpro

Nginx environment parameter performance optimization configuration

Request_method $request _method; Fastcgi_param Content_Type $content _type; Fastcgi_param content_length $content _length;}An instance in the cache: HTTP { fastcgi_cache_path/path/to/cache levels=1:2 Keys_zone=name :10m inactive=5m; Server { location/{ fastcgi_pass http://127.0.0.1; fastcgi_cache name; fastcgi_cache_valid 302 1h; fastcgi_cache_valid 301 1d; fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m; Fastcgi_cache _min_uses 1; Fastcgi_cache_use_stale error Timeout Invalid_headerp_500;}}} After 0.7.48, the

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