The shell is known as the system administrator's choice for its stability, efficiency, and flexibility. The basic shell commands are described below, including directory switching, locating and viewing files, viewing user information, and more.1. Shell IntroductionThe shell is a program that provides a line-oriented, interoperable interface between the user and the operating system. The user enters a command at the command line and the shell running in the background converts the command into a
. On-line server operationIdea: The online server creates two git directories, a, B. Where a is a git bare library, responsible for accepting PC push and updateDirectory B is the code publishing area, clone directory A, after the bare library update through git pull to get updates, to implement code updates and rollback.Git init--bare Create a bare library operation [[emailprotected]www.gits]#gitinit--bareinitializedemptygit repositoryin/web/www.kutongji.com/www.gits/[[emailprotected]www.git
the/PROC/SCSI directory where information about all SCSI devices on the current system is stored, and information about the processes currently running on the system is stored in/proc/n. , where n is a running process (as you can imagine, its associated directory disappears after a process has ended).Most virtual files can be viewed using File view commands such as cat, more, or less, and some of the file information can be seen at a glance, but the information on the file is not very readable.
. so. preload cannot be preloaded: ignored.ERROR: ld. so: object '/etc/libcwait. so' from/etc/ld. so. preload cannot be preloaded: ignored.ERROR: ld. so: object '/etc/libcwait. so' from/etc/ld. so. preload cannot be preloaded: ignored.ERROR: ld. so: object '/etc/libcwait. so' from/etc/ld. so. preload cannot be preloaded: ignored.ERROR: ld. so: object '/etc/libcwait. so' from/etc/ld. so. preload cannot be preloaded: ignored.ERROR: ld. so: object '/etc/libcwait. so' from/etc/ld. so. preload cannot
, Linux also provides a simplified way of accessing the file system, which allows users to use the same commands to handle common files and physical devices.6 standard file structureUnder the root directory, list the main directories for Linux:? /ll Total dosage 104Kdrwxr-xr-x2Root root4.0K September - Ten: -BINDRWXR-xr-x3Root root4.0K September7 the: toBOOTDRWXR-xr
Awk in linux/unixshell learned some usage of awk today to share with you the preparation work: The first ls prepared by www.2cto.com. the content in out is as follows: [plain] [oracle @ localhosttestDir] $ catls. outtotal68-rwxr -- r -- 1oracle... awk in linux/unix shell has learned some usage of awk today to share with you the preparation work: The first ls prepared by www.2cto.com. the content in out is as follows: [plain] [oracle @ localhost testDir] $ cat ls. out total 68-rwxr -- r -- 1 orac
-Rw-r -- 1 root 11144328 Aug 5 php-5.3.7.tar.bz2[Root @ localhost home] # tar-zxvf mysql-5.5.15-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz-C/usr/local/Accessing the mysql installation directory does not provide a simple soft link to the mysql directory.[Root @ localhost home] # cd/usr/local/[Root @ localhost local] # ln-s mysql-5.5.15-linux2.6-i686 mysql[Root @ localhost local] # llTotal 76Drwxr-xr-x 2 root 4096 Oct 1 2009 binDrwxr-xr
by default)
0 means protocol (IP protocol)
Use Socket_desc to refer to the pipe file, which is the same as the file descriptor, and then use the system function read () and write () to read and write data from the pipe file separately.Catalog FilesThis is a special file that can contain both ordinary files and other special files, which are hierarchically organized in the Linux file system starting from the root (/) directory. List the directory files under a directory:Output Example:D
)
0 means protocol (IP protocol)
Use Socket_desc to refer to the pipe file, which is the same as the file descriptor, and then use the system function read () and write () to read and write data from the pipe file separately.Catalog FilesThis is a special file that can contain both ordinary files and other special files, which are hierarchically organized in the Linux file system starting from the root (/) directory.List the directory files under a directory:Output Example:Drwxr-
can view the directories stored in the $PATH as follows:$ echo $PATH/home/aaronkilik/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/ Local/gamesIn the above command, the directory/home/aaronkilik/binWill be searched first, followed by the/usr/local/sbinAnd then go on and on. In the search process, the search order is critical. For example, in the/usr/bin directory in the file system of the command $ ll/bin/.Example output:Total 16284drwxr-
#partitionclearinginformation# Empty all disk contents and initialize clearpart--all--initlabel#diskpartitioninginformation# Custom partition Part/boot--fstype= "Ext4" --size=500partswap--fstype= "swap" --size= 2000part/--fstype= "Ext4" --grow--size=1#Firewallconfiguration# The firewall is set to off Firewall--disabled#selinuxconfiguration#selinux set to Disabled selinux--disabled# Package Segment% Packages@base@core@desktop-debugging@dial-up@fonts@gnome-desktop@guest-agents@guest-desktop-agen
can view the directories stored in the $PATH as follows:$ echo $PATH/home/aaronkilik/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/ Local/gamesIn the above command, the directory/home/aaronkilik/binWill be searched first, followed by the/usr/local/sbin And then go on. In the search process, the search order is critical. For example, in the/usr/bin directory in the file system of the command $ ll/bin/. Example output: Total 16284drwxr-
subdirectories below it are not displayed
-F
Show file types
-I.
Displays the Inode number of the file in the first column of the output
-L
To display the details of a file in a long format
-R
Preserve order when sorting
-T
Sort by modified time
-S
Display the size of each file allocation in blocks
-S
Sort by file size
Example: Displays simple information
MySQL always returns a problem, 8 hours earlier than the actual time. Check that there is a problem with the time zone configured in the URL of the JDBC connection, first
jdbc:mysql://172.xx.xx.xx:3306/test?useunicode=truecharacterencoding=gbkusessl=true Usejdbccomplianttimezoneshift=trueuselegacydatetimecode=falseservertimezone=utc
The possible parameters, such as GMT, GMT8, utc+8,utc0800, and so on, were all error. Later in the MySQL document found that the available time zones are in the/us
Explanation of the meaning of Drwxr-xr-x:LS-Al Gets the following list: Drwxr-xr-x4Oracle DBA4096May - One: -ORALOG1DRWXR-X--- -Root root4096May - -:WuyiRoot Explanation: D: The first bit represents the file type, D is the directory file, L is the link file ,-is the ordinary file, p is the pipe rwx: 2nd-The 4-bit represents the owner-owned permissions for this file. R is read, W is write, X is execute R-X
One: Users and Groups1 file Owner (user): is the owner of this file, has permissions to the file2 Group: Users within their group have access to files3 Others (Other):4 Linux user identities and group recorded filesBy default, information about super users and seven users is recorded in the/etc/passwd directory, the password is recorded under the/etc/shadow file, and all Linux group names are recorded in/etc/group.Two-file permissions concept: 1 Linux file propertiesLS is the list meaning, focus
Upload and download files to the local machine in Xshell (the folder in the dbserver that has been logged on through ssh for multiple times in linux) 1. list all sh FILES to be copied-bash-4.1 $ ll/mysqllog/osw /*. sh-rwxr-xr-x1mysqlmysql409May1610: 00/mysqllog... upload and download files to the local machine in Xshell (the folder in the dbserver that has been logged on through ssh for multiple times in linux) 1. list all sh FILES to be copied-bash-4
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