What happens when a user enters a URL in the browser: when using the TCP/IP protocol family for network communication, they are communicated to each other through hierarchical order . The sending side goes down from the application layer, and the receiving end goes up the application layer. we use HTTP, for example, to send an HTTP request to a Web page at the Application layer (HTTP protocol) first as the client on the sending side. then, for the convenience of transmission, the data received from the application layer (the HTTP request message) is segmented at the Transport Layer (TCP Protocol) and forwarded to the network layer by marking the serial number and the port number on each message. at the network layer (IP protocol), increase the MAC address as the destination of the communication and then forward to the link layer. In this way, the communication request to the network is ready to complete. The server at the receiving end receives data at the link layer, which is sent sequentially to the upper layer, to the application tier. When transferred to the application tier, it is true that HTTP requests sent by the client are actually received . MAC Address: The fixed address that the network card belongs to, generally does not change
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