02_02 Linux Root file system detailed

File command and its usage

Windows:pe

Linux:elf

File system:

Rootfs: Root file system

Fhs:linux

LS/view root directory

/boot: System boot related files, such as kernel, INITRD, and Grub (bootloader)

/dev: Device files

block device: Randomly accessed device data block hard drive

character device: Linear access keyboard mouse display by character

Device number: Main device number (major) and secondary device number (minor)

/etc: Configuration file

/home directory, default to home Next directory with the same name as the user name/home/usernane

/root: Administrator's home directory

/lib: library files and kernel module files

/lib/modules: Kernel module file no program execution portal can only access cannot execute

Static Library. A

Dynamic Library. dll, so (shared object)

/media: mount point directory, mobile device

/MNT: Additional Temporary file system

Actually, all 2 of them are universal, just rules.

/OPT: Optional Directory installation directory for third-party programs early to install third-party software

/proc: Pseudo file system without file kernel mapping file power off to NULL

/sys: Pseudo file system, property mapping files related to hardware devices such as disk I/O queues Power off is empty

/tmp: Temporary files One months regular cleanup everyone created by themselves but can only delete their own

/var/temp

/var: changeable file: Log mail cache run process ID number

/bin: Executable file user command

/sbin: Managing Commands

/usr:shared,read-only globally shared read-only files

/usr/bin

/usr/sbin

/usr/lib

Libraries that are required to run functions after system startup, etc.

/usr/local:

/usr/local/bin

/usr/local/bin

/usr/local/lib

Naming rules:

1. Length cannot exceed 255 characters

2. Cannot use/when file name

3. Strictly case-sensitive

Relative path

Absolute path

File Management

Directory Management

Ls

Cd

Pwd

mkdir: Creating an empty Directory

/root/x/y/z

mkdir x

mkdir x/Y

mkdir x/y/z

Tree: Viewing the directory tree

/root/x/y/z

Mkdir:

- P If no parent directory is created

-V Show Results

mkdir-p /root/x/y/z If no parent directory is created

MKDIR-PV /root/x/y/z Display creation process

Mkdir-pv/root/x/{y/m,z} curly Braces expand

Or

mkdir-pv/root/x/y/m /root/x/ Z

Create a A_b,a_c,d_b,d_c under/mnt/test2/

{A,d}_{b,c}

mkdir-pv/mnt/test2/ {a,d}_{b,c}

To delete a directory:

Rmdir/mnt/test Delete Empty Directory

RmDir

-P Delete non-empty directory

File creation and deletion

Touch a creates an empty file of a

File a View files

Touch is primarily used to modify timestamps

-C does not create a view timestamp if it does not exist or is not created

-A Modify access time

-m-t 201212121212 file modified to a timestamp

Stat A View the timestamp status of a file

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Stat

To create a file, you can use the file editor

Ascii:

128 different characters:

binary :

2^6 =0,63

2^7=0,127

GB19030 GBK GB2312 Unicode

Nano Simple text Editor

Nano text

Ctrl+o Save exit

Delete file: RM Hello

\ls Color Removal

Rm

-I confirm before delete

-F forcibly removed

-R recursively delete files and directories in the directory

-RF forcibly deleted recursively delete files and directories in a directory

Rm-rf/mnt/test2

Copying and moving files

Cp:copy

-R recursion

-R recursion

-I interaction warning

-F forcibly overwrite

-P reserved Property belongs to group of main # # #

-A Keep connected recursive replication archive replication Common backup

CP SRC DEST source file destination file

CP file1 File2 File3 The last one is the target. Unable to implement 2 files to a file

cp/etc/passwd/tmp/target is a directory and there's a file in it.

Cp/etc/passwd/tmp/test does not exist then copy as test if present overwrite

CP file1 file2 dirctory multiple source files The last one must be a directory

cp/etc/init.d//tmp The files inside the default replication directory do not replicate the directory itself

Cp-r /etc/init.d//tem/hello/entire copy to Hello directory

Cp-f if the target has a forced override

Cp-i Prompt Warning message

Cp/etc/{password,inittab}/tmp

MV Move File

MV SRC DEST

The same directory is renamed

mv/tmp/hello//var/tmp/abc If copy directory destination is not directory cannot move if directory is saved to directory

Mv-t DEST src = = =mv src DEST

copying files and specifying properties similar to CP

Install

- D DIRECTORY .... Create a directory

-M Specify permissions

-O Specifies the owner

-T DIRECTORY SRC ....

This article is from the "Jiawu notes" blog, so be sure to keep this source http://jiawu.blog.51cto.com/9349234/1586766

02_02 Linux Root file system detailed