0909 understanding of the operating system

As a beginner, I am not very clear about the concept of the operating system, from the Internet access to some information about what is the operating system, the operating system is the interface between users and computers, is a collection of all system resources to manage the program. It manages all hardware and software resources and provides users with an abstract conceptual computer. Why should we learn the operating system? The reason is that with the help of the operating system, we can avoid the direct operation of computer system hardware when we use the machine. If we are computer-related practitioners, many times we are doing some projects have a lot of things with the operating system, want to have a little success in this field, learn the operating system is necessary, it will make us more effective. And it can broaden our horizons, because when we learn the operating system, we will encounter some practical problems, we will see some very sophisticated solutions. How to learn the operating system this problem personally, I think we should first grasp some of the most basic knowledge, metaphor C language, this is the basis of learning computer, only when our foundation is good to do other things, and then we have to develop their interest in the operating system, have the interest to learn anything is excited, This is not boring, and finally we need to practice more, only to do the work to learn better. For the history of the operating system I do not know very well, according to the information on the Internet can know that the development of the operating system is divided into seven stages, the first stage is manual operation, the programmer will correspond to the program and data of perforated paper tape (or card) into the input machine, and then start the input machine to enter the program and data into the Then through the console switch start the program for the data run, the calculation is completed, the printer output calculation results, the user took the results and remove the paper tape (or card), before the next user to the machine. The second stage is a batch processing system, a batch system loaded on the computer of a system software, under its control, the computer can automatically, batch processing of one or more users of the job (this job includes programs, data and commands). The junior stage is a multi-channel program system, multi-channel program technology is to allow multiple programs to enter memory and run. That is, putting multiple programs into memory and allowing them to run alternately on the CPU, sharing the various hardware and software resources in the system. When a program pauses to run due to an I/O request, the CPU immediately goes to run another program. Phase IV is a time-sharing system, time-sharing technology: The processor's operating hours are divided into a very short time slices, in turn, the processor allocated to the use of online operations. The fifth phase is a real-time system, and real-time systems are often used as a control device in a particular application. Real-time systems can be divided into two categories: (1) Real-time control system. When used in the automatic control of aircraft flight and missile launch, the computer can process the measured data of the measurement system as soon as possible, control the aircraft or missiles in time, or provide the information to the decision-makers through the display terminal. When used in steel rolling, petrochemical and other industrial productionProcess Control, it also requires the computer to process the data sent by various sensors in a timely manner, and then control the corresponding executing agencies. (2) Real-time information processing system. When used to book air tickets, inquiries about flights, routes, fares and other matters, or when used in banking systems, information retrieval system, the computer can be sent to the terminal equipment to the service request in time to correctly answer. The sixth stage is the general operating system, the three basic types of operating system: Multi-Channel batch processing system, time-sharing system, real system. The seventh stage is the personal computer operating system, network operating system, distributed operating system, etc., this is the further development of operating system.

0909 understanding of the operating system