10 basic skill points for Linux OPS engineers

I am a Linux operations engineer, a bit of experience in this area, and now I say to master what aspects of the tool it.

When it comes to tools, it can be said to be a skill, and in the line we are generally called tools, which are tools that must be mastered by operations. I will probably list these aspects, so the introduction is basically no problem.

Linux systems use Redhat or CentOS if they are learning, especially CentOS is used most in the enterprise. Of course there will be other versions, but learners still learn in these 2 versions, because these two versions are brothers, no difference, there is time to study SuSE, some companies also like to use, such as my company.

The tools are as follows:

1, Linux System Foundation

This needless to say, is the basis of the foundation, even this will not be done, reference books, you can see the Bird Brother Linux Foundation, at least to master the book 60% content, do not have to master all, but basic command always will.

2. Network Service

There are many kinds of services, each company will use a different, but the basic services must be mastered, such as FTP, Dns,samba, mail, these a few probably learn about the line.

Lamp and LNMP is must be skilled, I mean is not light will build, but to very familiar with the inside of the quite configuration, because the company is absolutely the most critical Web server, so nginx and Apache to be familiar with, especially nginx must be very familiar with the line. Some companies also use Tomcat, which is the best thing to learn.

In fact, the network services do not have to worry too much, the general company's environment has been set up, even if there is a new server or let you rectification, the company will have the appropriate documentation to make you refer to, will not let you mess, but at least the relevant configuration must be learned, and it is certainly compiled and installed more, those modules should be familiar with In particular PHP those modules.

This 2 point is only the basis, but also the necessary conditions, can not be said to be a tool, the next is the real tool to master.

3. Shell scripts and another scripting language

The shell is the operation and maintenance personnel must have, do not understand this even into the job, at least to write some system management scripts, the simplest also have to write a monitor CPU, memory ratio of the script bar, which is the most basic. Do not think that will write those guessing numbers and calculate what number, these do not work, only for learning significance, writing system script is the most meaningful.

And another scripting language is optional, generally 3P, that is, Python,perl and php,php do not need to consider, unless you want to do development, I personally suggest learning Python will be better, difficult to automate operations, Perl is a very powerful text processing, anyway, the two learn one on the line.

4. Sed and awk tools

It must be mastered that while mastering the two tools, you also have to master the regular expression, which is painful, is the most difficult to learn the expression, but the combination of SED and awk will be very powerful, in the processing of text content and filtering Web content is very useful, but at the same time as the shell is often used in combination, So the 3rd will be the way to learn the 4th.

5. Text Processing commands

Sort, tr, cut, paste, uniq, tee, etc., must learn, is also combined with the 3rd time to learn.

6. Database

Prefer MySQL, don't ask me why not learn SQL Server and Oracle, because Linux is most definitely mysql. Additions and deletions to learn, especially to learn to check, other aspects may not be necessary, because operations and maintenance personnel use the most or check, which optimization and development statements will not let you get.

7. Firewall

Do not learn, firewall is also a difficult point, said difficult, easy to say, the most important to understand the rules. If you have learned CCNA friends may be more studious, because Iptables also have a NAT table, the principle is the same, and the filter table used most, anyway, not to learn is certainly unqualified.

8. Monitoring Tools

Very important, I personally suggest, the best to learn these 3, Cacti,nagios,zabbix. Enterprises should use the most should be nagios and Zabbix, anyway, learn it, but Nagios will be a bit difficult, because it involves automatic monitoring with scripting, that place is difficult.

9. Clustering and hot standby

This is important, sure to understand, but the company will not let you go, because the novice basically do not let you touch. There are many cluster tools, the best learning is LVS, which is required to learn, the best also learn nginx cluster, reverse proxy. There is hot-spare, this more tools can be achieved, like my company is the development of self-prepared tools, MySQL standby also to learn, is the master-slave replication, this individual told me easy, in fact, it is not easy to learn to understand the whole process is not easy, just do not mean to do.

10. Data backup

Do not learn, there are many tools, but at least to understand the principle of raid, especially the most commonly used 1+0 or 0+1, their own experiments to get out, backup tools have a lot, such as tar, dump, rsync and so on, it is better to understand more.

Well, speaking of these 10 points is enough for you, you should be able to get started, because some of the technology will be more difficult to learn. For example, there are some important technologies in Apache and Nginx, such as system tuning and service optimization, and program optimization, which is difficult to learn before working in contact with the work, so let's take this 10 to learn. It's hard to know that you have to learn to do it for at least 3 months, and that part of the script is exhausting. I suggest that it would be better to learn the shell first, and then learn another scripting language after work.


The above is to step into the Linux operations engineers need to master the tools, in fact, there are a lot of tools to master, but you in the learning environment is difficult to learn, and finally I would like to remind that the tools here are equivalent to skills, rather than Windows or Ubuntu those graphical tools, those tools useless, and, Learn Linux do not install the graphical interface, so that the virtual machine does not have to eat too much memory, and it is not recommended to install Linux on the real machine, can not achieve the learning effect.

10 basic skill points for Linux OPS engineers